Effect of Atomoxetine on Executive Function Impairments in Adults With ADHD
Abstract
Objective To assess the effect of atomoxetine on ADHD-related executive functions over a 6-month period using the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale (BADDS) for Adults, a normed, 40-item, self-report scale in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Method In a randomized, double-blind clinical trial, adults with ADHD received either atomoxetine 25 to 100 mg/day or placebo for 6 months. Patients completed the BADDS to report their current daily functioning in 5 clusters of ADHD-related impairments of executive functioning: (1) Organizing and Activating to Work; (2) Focusing for Tasks; (3) Regulating Alertness and Effort; (4) Modulating Emotions; and (5) Utilizing Working Memory. Results Mean scores were significantly more improved in the atomoxetine group compared to the placebo group: total score, -27.0 versus -19.0 (p Conclusions Once-daily atomoxetine can improve executive function impairments in adults with ADHD as assessed by the BADDS.
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The finding that lisdexamfetamine improves executive function in adult ADHD is similar to previous studies in adults with ADHD treated with psychostimulants such as MPH and nonstimulants such as atomoxetine.
“This finding is similar to previous studies in adults with ADHD treated with psychostimulants, such as MPH,35 and nonstimulants, such as atomoxetine.36”
From Exploratory meta-analysis on lisdexamfetamine versus placebo in adult ADHD (2014) · cites this paper as [36]
These results are consistent with findings from another recent double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of adults with ADHD, where atomoxetine was associated with significant improvement in executive function as measured by the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale (BADDS).
“These results are also consistent with findings from another recent double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of adults with ADHD, where atomoxetine was associated with significant improvement in executive function as measured by the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale (BADDS)”
From Atomoxetine Effects on Executive Function as Measured by the BRIEF-A in Young Adults with ADHD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (2014) · cites this paper as [4]
In the other atomoxetine trial, statistically significant differences in score mean change over a 6-month period were observed for BADDS total score and all 5 cluster scores.
“Statistically significant differences in score mean change over a 6-month period were observed for BADDS total score and all 5 cluster scores.”
From Atomoxetine Effects on Executive Function as Measured by the BRIEF-A in Young Adults with ADHD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (2014) · cites this paper as [4]
In the atomoxetine study using the BADDS to assess executive functioning, the emotion domain had the lowest baseline BADDS cluster score and the lowest mean change from baseline score, but the effect of atomoxetine on reducing the emotion cluster score was statistically significantly greater than placebo.
“in the atomoxetine study using the BADDS to assess executive functioning, the emotion domain had the lowest baseline BADDS cluster score and the lowest mean change from baseline score; but, in this case, the effect of atomoxetine on reducing the emotion cluster score was statistically significantly greater than placebo [4].”
From Atomoxetine Effects on Executive Function as Measured by the BRIEF-A in Young Adults with ADHD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (2014) · cites this paper as [4]
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- Authors
- Brown, T. E., Holdnack, J., Saylor, K., Adler, L., Spencer, T., Williams, D. W., Padival, A. K., Schuh, K., Trzepacz, P. T., & Kelsey, D.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX
- NeuroScience, Inc., Herndon, VA
- VA NY Harbor Healthcare System (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Thomas E.
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-12-21
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 130-138
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- OpenAlex
- W1989415748
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- atomoxetine, adult ADHD, executive function, working memory, emotion regulation, task focus, drug efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Atomoxetine Hydrochloride, Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Propylamines, Treatment Outcome, Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors, Executive Function
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