Open-Label Administration of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Improves Executive Function Impairments and Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults
Abstract
Introduction/objective Executive function (EF) impairment in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may account for behavioral symptoms such as poor concentration, impaired working memory, problems in shifting among tasks, and prioritizing and planning complex sets of tasks or completing long-term projects at work or school. Poor self-regulation and control of emotional behaviors frequently are seen in patients with ADHD. This study assessed EF behaviors in adults with ADHD at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment with lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX). Methods Executive function behavior was assessed using the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale (BADDS) during the 4-week open-label dose-optimization phase prior to a 2-period, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of LDX (30-70 mg/day). The ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV) with adult prompts assessed ADHD symptoms. Change in EF behavioral symptoms was evaluated based on week 4 BADDS total and cluster scores; analyses of shifts from baseline among subjects with BADDS scores Results At week 4, BADDS total and cluster scores were reduced (ie, improved; all P Conclusion Clinically optimized doses of LDX (30-70 mg/day) significantly improved EF behaviors in adults with ADHD. Treatment-emergent adverse events with LDX were consistent with those observed with long-term stimulant use.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
LS mean treatment differences for BRIEF-A GEC, BRI, and MCI showed significant improvement with LDX over placebo: −11.2, −8.4, and −11.6, respectively, all P ≤ .0002.
“The LS mean treatment difference for GEC, BRI, and MCI noted significant improvement with LDX over placebo at −11.2, −8.4, and −11.6, respectively, all P’s ≤ .0002).”
From Review of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [40]
In a 10-week study, participant ratings of improvement in executive functioning deficits were 2-fold greater than informant ratings at week 10/early termination.
“Participant ratings of improvement in executive functioning deficits were 2-fold greater than those of informant ratings at study week 10/early termination.”
From Review of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [40]
Informant-rated EF deficits, using BRIEF-A GEC and Index T scores, improved significantly more with LDX compared with placebo and in a similar manner to self-reported EF deficits.
“Informant-rated EF deficits, using BRIEF-A GEC and Index T scores, improved significantly more with LDX compared with placebo treatment and in a similar manner to self-reported EF deficits.”
From Review of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [40]
Treatment response to LDX in this trial (81.7%) was similar to that observed in a 4-week open-label placebo-controlled trial of LDX for adult ADHD (78.9%) using the same metric.
“was similar to that observed in a 4-week open-label placebo-controlled trial of LDX for adult ADHD (78.9%) using the same metric [16].”
From Treating new-onset cognitive complaints after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: A randomized controlled crossover trial of lisdexamfetamine (2024) · cites this paper as [16]
BADDS scores predict clinical diagnosis of ADHD and multiple ADHD medication trials use the BADDS to assess symptom severity and improvement.
“BADDS scores predict clinical diagnosis of ADHD [36] and multiple ADHD medication trials use the BADDS to assess symptom severity and improvement [16,37–39].”
From Treating new-onset cognitive complaints after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: A randomized controlled crossover trial of lisdexamfetamine (2024) · cites this paper as [16]
Improvements observed from LDX versus placebo in this trial were comparable to those observed in LDX interventions for adults with ADHD.
“Improvements observed from LDX versus placebo in this trial were comparable to those observed in LDX interventions for adults with ADHD [16,27–29].”
From Treating new-onset cognitive complaints after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: A randomized controlled crossover trial of lisdexamfetamine (2024) · cites this paper as [16]
Brown et al small open-label study showed a statistically significant improvement in executive functioning in ADHD subjects treated with lisdexamfetamine using the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale.
“Other research that examined the efficacy of lisdexamfetamine in an academic or work environment includes a small open-label study Brown et al37 that showed a statistically significant improvement in executive functioning in ADHD subjects treated with lisdexamfetamine using the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scale.”
From Update on optimal use of lisdexamfetamine in the treatment of ADHD (2013) · cites this paper as [37]
LDX was associated with improvements from baseline in EF, using the validated, self-reported BADDS, during the open-label phase of a modified analog classroom study (4-week) of adults with ADHD.
“and was associated with improvements from baseline in EF, using the validated, self-reported BADDS [13,29], during the open-label phase of a modified analog classroom study (4-week) of adults with ADHD [30].”
Cites
Willcutt, E. G., Doyle, A. E., Nigg, J. T., Faraone, S. V., & Pennington, B. F. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.006 · Cited by 3,568 · see citing works
DEFICITS IN STRATEGY APPLICATION FOLLOWING FRONTAL LOBE DAMAGE IN MAN
SHALLICE, T., & BURGESS, P. W. (1991) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/114.2.727 · Cited by 2,017 · see citing works
Barkley, R. A. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.121.1.65 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Ecological validity of a simplified version of the multiple errands shopping test
ALDERMAN, N., BURGESS, P. W., KNIGHT, C., & HENMAN, C. (2003) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617703910046 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Biederman, J., Mick, E., Surman, C., Doyle, R., Hammerness, P., Harpold, T., Dunkel, S., Dougherty, M., Aleardi, M., & Spencer, T. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.09.011 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Adler, L. A., Goodman, D. W., Kollins, S. H., Weisler, R. H., Krishnan, S., Zhang, Y., & Biederman, J. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v69n0903 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Brown, T. E. (2006) · International Journal of Disability, Development and Education · doi:10.1080/10349120500510024 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citationBiederman, J., Petty, C., Fried, R., Fontanella, J., Doyle, A. E., Seidman, L. J., & Faraone, S. V. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.10.1730 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Medori, R., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Casas, M., Kooij, J. J. S., Niemelä, A., Trott, G.-E., Lee, E., & Buitelaar, J. K. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.11.008 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Biederman, J. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.10.1730 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Wigal, T., Brams, M., Gasior, M., Gao, J., Squires, L., Giblin, J., & 316 Study Group (2010) · Behavioral and Brain Functions · doi:10.1186/1744-9081-6-34 · Cited by 136 · cited 10× · see citing works
“The study comprised 4 phases: screening and washout, open-label dose optimization (4 weeks), double-blind crossover (2 weeks; AWE sessions 1 and 2), and 7-day safety follow-up (Figure 1).(22) The primary effi cacy measure in this study was the Permanent Product Measure of Performance (PERMP), derived from math tests g…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationLawrence, V., Houghton, S., Tannock, R., Douglas, G., Durkin, K., & Whiting, K. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1023/a:1019812829706 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
the 311 Study Group, Wigal, S. B., Kollins, S. H., Childress, A. C., & Squires, L. (2009) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/1753-2000-3-17 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Self-citationWeisler, R., Young, J., Mattingly, G., Gao, J., Squires, L., Adler, L., & 304 Study Group (2009) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900024056 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationSpencer, T. J., Adler, L. A., Weisler, R. H., & Youcha, S. H. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v69n0911 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Effect of Atomoxetine on Executive Function Impairments in Adults With ADHD
Brown, T. E., Holdnack, J., Saylor, K., Adler, L., Spencer, T., Williams, D. W., Padival, A. K., Schuh, K., Trzepacz, P. T., & Kelsey, D. (2011) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054709356165 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationFallu, A., Richard, C., Prinzo, R., & Binder, C. (2006) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/030079906x154132 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
DuPaul, G. J., Weyandt, L. L., Rossi, J. S., Vilardo, B. A., O’Dell, S. M., Carson, K. M., Verdi, G., & Swentosky, A. (2012) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054711427299 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Adler, L. A., Dirks, B., Deas, P., Raychaudhuri, A., Dauphin, M., Saylor, K., & Weisler, R. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-253 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate: A New Therapeutic Option for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Steer, C., Froelich, J., Soutullo, C. A., Johnson, M., & Shaw, M. (2012) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/11634340-000000000-00000 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Update on optimal use of lisdexamfetamine in the treatment of ADHD
Madaan, V., Kolli, V., Bestha, D., & Shah, M. (2013) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s34092 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Other research that examined the efficacy of lisdexamfe-tamine in an academic or work environment includes a small open-label study Brown et al 37 that showed a statistically significant improvement in executive functioning in ADHD subjects treated with lisdexamfetamine using the Brown…”
Review of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Najib, J., Wimer, D., Zeng, J., Lam, K. W., Romanyak, N., Paige Morgan, E., & Thadavila, A. (2017) · Journal of Central Nervous System Disease · doi:10.1177/1179573517728090 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Zimovetz, E. A., Joseph, A., Ayyagari, R., & Mauskopf, J. A. (2018) · The European Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1007/s10198-016-0864-4 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Metcalf, C. A., Page, C. E., Stocker, B. O. S., Johnson, R. L., Duffy, K. A., Sammel, M. D., Loughead, J., & Epperson, C. N. (2024) · Gynecologic Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.07.689 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Brown, T. E., Brams, M., Gao, J., Gasior, M., & Childress, A.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Principal Investigator, Bayou City Research, Houston, TX
- Takeda (United States) (US)
- Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Thomas E.
- Venue
- Postgraduate Medicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-09-01
- Volume
- 122
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 7-17
- ISSN
- 0032-5481 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-9260
- OpenAlex
- W2047273149
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Postgraduate Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Keywords
- lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, adult ADHD, executive function, stimulant medication, ADHD Rating Scale-IV, dose optimization, treatment-emergent adverse events, working memory, self-regulation, ADHD symptoms, open-label extension, stimulant side effects, task shifting, irritability
- MeSH terms
- Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate, Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Dextroamphetamine, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Cross-Over Studies, Executive Function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
