Predictors of ADHD Persistence in Girls at 5-Year Follow-Up
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Objective: The main aim of this study was to examine the age-dependent remission from ADHD in girls transitioning through childhood into adolescence and early adulthood. Method: We conducted a 5-year prospective follow-up study of 123 girls with ADHD and 106 non-ADHD control girls aged between 6 and 17 years at ascertainment. ADHD was considered persistent at follow-up if participants met full diagnostic criteria for DSM-IV ADHD or met residual criteria for DSM-IV ADHD with associated impairment (Global Age Forum [GAF] score < 60). Results: By age 16 years, ADHD was persistent in 71% (95% CI = 61-79%) of girls with ADHD. Participants with persistent ADHD at follow-up had more psychiatric comorbidity, behavior problems, and functional impairment than girls with ADHD in remission. Remitted ADHD, however, continued to be associated with functional impairment relative to non-ADHD controls. Persistence at 5 years was predicted by increased behavioral impairment at baseline. Conclusion: This 5-year follow-up suggests that many girls with ADHD experience persistent symptoms and/or functional impairment through late adolescence and into early adulthood. (J. of Att. Dis. 2011; 15(3) 183-192)
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The best p-value for a high-risk gene in GWAS of aggression was for gene LRRC7 in a study of children (p = 4e−06).
“The best p-value was for gene LRRC7 in a study of children (p = 4e−06) [24].”
From An integrated analysis of genes and functional pathways for aggression in human and rodent models (2019) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Mick, E., Byrne, D., Fried, R., Monuteaux, M., Faraone, S. V., & Biederman, J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mick, Eric
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2010-03-23
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 183-192
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- PMC
- PMC3751165
- OpenAlex
- W1983677609
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH050657)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- ADHD persistence, girls, adolescent transition, early adulthood, functional disability, psychiatric comorbidity, behavioral problems, predictors of persistence, longitudinal follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Cognition, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Prospective Studies, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Young Adult, Executive Function
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