Brain differences between persistent and remitted attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Open accessAbstract
Previous resting state studies examining the brain basis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have not distinguished between patients who persist versus those who remit from the diagnosis as adults. To characterize the neurobiological differences and similarities of persistence and remittance, we performed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging in individuals who had been longitudinally and uniformly characterized as having or not having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood and again in adulthood (16 years after baseline assessment). Intrinsic functional brain organization was measured in patients who had a persistent diagnosis in childhood and adulthood (n = 13), in patients who met diagnosis in childhood but not in adulthood (n = 22), and in control participants who never had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n = 17). A positive functional correlation between posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices, major components of the default-mode network, was reduced only in patients whose diagnosis persisted into adulthood. A negative functional correlation between medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices was reduced in both persistent and remitted patients. The neurobiological dissociation between the persistence and remittance of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder may provide a framework for the relation between the clinical diagnosis, which indicates the need for treatment, and additional deficits that are common, such as executive dysfunctions.
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Remission of ADHD has been associated with normalization of abnormalities as measured by activation during functional imaging tasks, cortical thinning and structural and functional brain connectivity.
“Remission of ADHD has been associated with normalization of abnormalities as measured by activation during functional imaging tasks 90 , cortical thinning 91 and structural and functional brain connectivity 92-95 .”
From Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2015) · cites this paper as [93]
The Discussion reports that posterior cingulate–medial prefrontal functional connectivity in adults with remitted ADHD resembled controls, unlike adults with persistent ADHD. It also reports another functional-connectivity abnormality in both ADHD groups. This paper studied resting-state functional connectivity, not structural connectivity; the separate task-activation and cortical-thinning citations are not assessed here. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Mattfeld, A. T., Gabrieli, J. D. E., Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Brown, A., Kotte, A., Kagan, E., & Whitfield-Gabrieli, S.
- Affiliations
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-05-31
- Volume
- 137
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2423-2428
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- OpenAlex
- W1993094730
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 7.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Brain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, persistent ADHD, adult ADHD, resting-state functional connectivity, default mode network, posterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, executive dysfunction, longitudinal neuroimaging
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nerve Net, Remission, Spontaneous, Young Adult
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