Neuropsychological Deficits in Adult ADHD: Evidence for Differential Attentional Impairments, Deficient Executive Functions, and High Self-Reported Functional Impairments
Abstract
Objective: This study is aimed to investigate neuropsychological deficits in adult ADHD. Method: Neuropsychological deficits in terms of executive functions, divided, selective, and sustained attention, were investigated in a group of adults with ADHD using a series of neuropsychological tests as well as electroencephalography (EEG). Subjective ratings of everyday life attention and memory problems were also collected. Results: Adults with ADHD showed impairments in executive functions, divided attention and sustained attention, compared with adult controls. Performance on selective attention tasks in adults with ADHD was instead no different from control participants’ performance. EEG results confirmed neuropsychological findings by showing a selective impairment on P3 event-related potential (ERP) amplitude indicative of sustained attention deficits. Higher subjective ratings of everyday attentional and memory problems were also found in the ADHD group compared with the control group. Conclusion: This pattern of results suggests differential impairments of attentional skills. Impaired executive functions and higher subjective functional impairments were also found.
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The P3 component is diminished in ADHD, indicating difficulties in monitoring and sustaining attention.
“The P3 component, an event-related potential reflecting attentional allocation and working memory processes, is diminished in ADHD, indicating difficulties in monitoring and sustaining attention [84].”
From ADHD in Adulthood: Clinical Presentation, Comorbidities, and Treatment Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [84]
Electroencephalography studies consistently report reduced P3 amplitudes during sustained attention tasks in adults with ADHD.
“electrophysiological studies employing electroencephalography (EEG) consistently report reduced P3 amplitudes during sustained attention tasks in adults with ADHD”
From ADHD in Adulthood: Clinical Presentation, Comorbidities, and Treatment Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [84]
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- Authors
- Salomone, S., Fleming, G. R., Bramham, J., O’Connell, R. G., & Robertson, I. H.
- Affiliations
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- University College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Salomone, Simona
- Venue
- Journal of Attention Disorders
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-01-14
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1413-1424
- ISSN
- 1087-0547 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1246
- OpenAlex
- W2376650940
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 2.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Attention Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Health Research Board
- University College Dublin
- Trinity College Dublin
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- adult ADHD, neuropsychological deficits, executive function, divided attention, sustained attention, selective attention, P3 event-related potential, memory impairment
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Executive Function, Self Report, Cognitive Dysfunction
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