Larger deficits in brain networks for response inhibition than for visual selective attention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Brain activation differences between 12 control and 12 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children (9- to 12-year-olds) were examined on two cognitive tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHOD: Visual selective attention was measured with the visual search of a conjunction target (red triangle) in a field of distracters and response inhibition was measured with a go/no-go task. RESULTS: There were limited group differences in the selective attention task, with control children showing significantly greater intensity of activation in a small area of the superior parietal lobule region of interest. There were large group differences in the response inhibition task, with control children showing significantly greater intensity of activation in fronto-striatal regions of interest including the inferior, middle, superior and medial frontal gyri as well as the caudate nucleus and globus pallidus. CONCLUSION: The widespread hypoactivity for the ADHD children on the go/no-go task is consistent with the hypothesis that response inhibition is a specific deficit in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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ADHD is not characterized by deficient visual attention.
“ADHD is not characterized by deficient visual attention”
From Relationships between neuropsychological measures of executive function and behavioral measures of ADHD symptoms and comorbid behavior (2006) · cites this paper as Booth et al., 2005
The right cuneus cortex (extrastriate region) has been implicated in response inhibition, particularly involving motor reactions.
“This extrastriate region has been implicated in response inhibition in particular those involving motor reactions (Booth et al., 2005; Matthews et al., 2005).”
From Meta-analyses of the neural mechanisms and predictors of response to psychotherapy in depression and anxiety (2018) · cites this paper as Booth et al., 2005
These ADHD characteristics are associated with altered patterns of activity in distinct brain networks: attention and working memory (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, temporal cortices); executive functions and cognitive control (dorsal, medial and ventral frontal cortices); and reward-processing (orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, basal ganglia).
“These are associated with altered patterns of activity in distinct brain networks: (i) attention and working memory, comprising the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex and temporal cortices (Burgess et al., 2010; Ehlis et al., 2008; Vance et al., 2007); (ii) executive functions and cognitive control (including feedback processing and response selection), comprising the dorsal, medial”
From Functional neuroimaging of visuospatial working memory tasks enables accurate detection of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Booth et al., 2005
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- Authors
- Booth, J. R., Burman, D. D., Meyer, J. R., Lei, Z., Trommer, B. L., Davenport, N. D., Li, W., Parrish, T. B., Gitelman, D. R., & Marsel Mesulam, M.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Evanston Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Booth, James R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-09-07
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 94-111
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- OpenAlex
- W2135691106
- Cited by
- 333
- References
- 123
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 8.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Northwestern University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, response inhibition, visual selective attention, go/no-go task, conjunction search, superior parietal lobule, frontostriatal circuits, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, frontal cortex, children
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Task Performance and Analysis, Visual Perception, Case-Control Studies
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