Cited by 1,693Behavioral Health and InterventionsGrit, Self-Efficacy, and MotivationPersonality Traits and Psychology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 170 of the 171 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Taking Stock of Self-Control: A Meta-Analysis of How Trait Self-Control Relates to a Wide Range of Behaviors

Open access

de Ridder, Denise T. D., Lensvelt-Mulders, Gerty, Finkenauer, Catrin, Stok, F. Marijn, Baumeister, Roy F.·2012·Personality and Social Psychology Review

DOI 10.1177/1088868311418749

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Given assertions of the theoretical, empirical, and practical importance of self-control, this meta-analytic study sought to review evidence concerning the relationship between dispositional self-control and behavior. The authors provide a brief overview over prominent theories of self-control, identifying implicit assumptions surrounding the effects of self-control that warrant empirical testing. They report the results of a meta-analysis of 102 studies (total N = 32,648) investigating the behavioral effects of self-control using the Self-Control Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and the Low Self-Control Scale. A small to medium positive effect of self-control on behavior was found for the three scales. Only the Self-Control Scale allowed for a fine-grained analysis of conceptual moderators of the self-control behavior relation. Specifically, self-control (measured by the Self-Control Scale) related similarly to the performance of desired behaviors and the inhibition of undesired behaviors, but its effects varied dramatically across life domains (e.g., achievement, adjustment). In addition, the associations between self-control and behavior were significantly stronger for automatic (as compared to controlled) behavior and for imagined (as compared to actual) behavior.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/1088868311418749

Cites

170 of 170 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139
Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis
Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1186 · Cited by 36,763
A General Theory of Crime
Gottfredson, M. R., & Hirschi, T. (1990) · doi:10.1515/9781503621794 · Cited by 10,127
A power primer.
Cohen, J. (1992) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155 · Cited by 8,771
Human agency in social cognitive theory.
Bandura, A. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.44.9.1175 · Cited by 8,263
Bad Is Stronger Than Good
Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.5.4.323 · Cited by 7,678
High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success
Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x · Cited by 6,557
Choices, values, and frames.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1984) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.39.4.341 · Cited by 6,544
Time Discounting and Time Preference: A Critical Review
Frederick, S., Loewenstein, G., & O’Donoghue, T. (2002) · Journal of Economic Literature · doi:10.1257/002205102320161311 · Cited by 6,106
Choices, Values, and Frames
Kahneman, D. J., & Tversky, A. (2013) · World Scientific handbook in financial economic series · doi:10.1142/9789814417358_0016 · Cited by 5,379

Show all 171 references

Research works printed but not linked: 15

Alberts H., Maroofi S., Martijn C. (2005). De relatie tussen verwachtingen en interpersoonlijke verschillen in zelfcontrole [The relation between expectations and interpersonal differences in self-control]. In Holland R. W., Ouwerkerk J., van Laar C., Ruiter R., Ham J. (Eds.), Jaarboek Sociale Psychologie 2005 (pp. 13-21). Groningen, Netherlands: Aspo Pers.
Bakhuys Roozeboom M. C. (2004). De relatie tussen sekse en State/Action-oriëntatie: Een onderzoek naar de discrepantie tussen de daadwerkelijke en de ideale State/Action-oriëntatie bij mannen en vrouwen [The relation between gender and state/action orientation: A study of the discrepancy between actual and ideal state/action orientation in males and females] (Unpublished master’s thesis). VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands.
10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1252 · DOI · Paper page
Brandon J. E., Oescher J., Loftin J. M. (1990). The self-control questionnaire: An assessment. Health Values, 14, 3-9.
10.1037/0033-2909.92.1.111 · DOI · Paper page
10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155 · DOI · Paper page
De Hoog S. R. (2005). Don’t worry be action!! De invloed van verschillen in de State/Action-oriëntatie op relatietevredenheid [Don’t worry be action!! The influence of differences in the State/Action orientation on relationship satisfaction] (Unpublished master’s thesis). VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands.
De Wit J. B. F., Adam P. C. G. (2007). Sexual risk-taking in gay men: A focus on non-intentional processes. Utrecht, Netherlands: Institute for Prevention & Social Research.
Gollwitzer P. M. (1990). Action phases and mindsets. In Higgins E. T., Sorrentino R. M. (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition (Vol. 2, pp. 53-92). New York, NY: Guilford.
Gough H. G. (1987). California Psychological Inventory— Administrator’s guide. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Heideheuvel Hospital. (2005, June). Self-control in obese adolescents undergoing treatment. Hilversum, Netherlands: V. T. Colland & D. T. D. De Ridder.
Kendall P. C., Williams C. L. (1982). Assessing the cognitive and behavioral components of children’s self-management. In Karoly P., Kanfer F. H. (Eds.), Self-management and behavior change (pp. 240-284). New York, NY: Pergamon.
Lipsey M. W., Wilson D. B. (2001). Practical meta-analysis: Vol. 49. Applied social research methods series. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Seligman M. (1994). What you can change and what you can’t. New York, NY: Knopf.
Vohs K. D., Baumeister R. F. (2004). Understanding self-regulation. In Baumeister R. F., Vohs K. D. (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications (pp. 1-9). New York, NY: Guilford.

Sorted by citations

Items 601–700 of 1,000

Where Does Sleep Fit in Models of Self‐Control and Health Behaviour?
Hagger, M. S. (2014) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2624 · Cited by 19
Adolescent Mental Health and Dating in Young Adulthood
Thorsen, M. L., & Pearce-Morris, J. (2016) · Society and Mental Health · doi:10.1177/2156869316665884 · Cited by 20
Cognitive Control Processes Underlying Individual Differences in Self-Control
Wilkowski, B. M., & Robinson, M. D. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801850-7.00015-9 · Cited by 21
The Effect of Implicit Preferences on Food Consumption: Moderating Role of Ego Depletion and Impulsivity
Wang, Y., Zhu, J., Hu, Y., Fang, Y., Wang, G., Cui, X., & Wang, L. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01699 · Cited by 17
The Relationship Between a Balanced Time Perspective and Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose Among People With Type 1 Diabetes
Baird, H. M., Webb, T. L., Miller, J. G., & Sirois, F. M. (2018) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kay028 · Cited by 19
Should We Subtype ADHD According to the Context in Which Symptoms Occur? Criterion Validity of Recognising Context-Based ADHD Presentations
Murray, A., Ribeaud, D., Eisner, M., Murray, G., & Mckenzie, K. (2018) · Child Psychiatry and Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-018-0842-4 · Cited by 21
Legal cynicism: Independent construct or downstream manifestation of antisocial constructs? New evidence
Ameri, T., Burgason, K. A., DeLisi, M., Heirigs, M. H., Hochstetler, A., & Vaughn, M. G. (2019) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2019.04.008 · Cited by 19
Typical and atypical self‐regulation in adolescence: the importance of studying change over time
Atherton, O. E. (2019) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12514 · Cited by 23
Inhibition Tasks are not Associated with a Variety of Behaviours in College Students
Gunten, C. D. V., Bartholow, B. D., & Martins, J. S. (2020) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2250 · Cited by 22
Physical activity automaticity, intention, and trait self-control as predictors of physical activity behavior – a dual-process perspective
Pfeffer, I., & Strobach, T. (2020) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2020.1842472 · Cited by 19
Perceived willpower self-efficacy fluctuates dynamically with affect and distress intolerance
Veilleux, J. C., Skinner, K. D., Baker, D. E., & Chamberlain, K. D. (2020) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2020.104058 · Cited by 19
COVID-19 lockdown in South Africa: Addiction, Christian spirituality and mental health
Backer, L. M. D. (2021) · Verbum et Ecclesia · doi:10.4102/ve.v42i1.2135 · Cited by 19
Self-Control at 220 Miles per Hour: Steering and Braking to Achieve Optimal Outcomes During Adolescence
Vohs, K. D., & Piquero, A. R. (2021) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/09637214211014509 · Cited by 18
The Persian Personalized Psychological Flexibility Index (P-PPFI): Psychometric properties in a general population sample of Iranians
Akbari, M., Disabato, D. J., Seydavi, M., & Zamani, E. (2021) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.09.004 · Cited by 26
Prescription Drug Misuse in Late Adulthood
Holtfreter, K., Reisig, M. D., & O’Neal, E. N. (2015) · Journal of Drug Issues · doi:10.1177/0022042615589405 · Cited by 19
Cultural Variations in the Relationship Between Anger Coping Styles, Depression, and Life Satisfaction
Smith, P. B., Easterbrook, M. J., Celikkol, G. C., Chen, S. X., Ping, H., & Rizwan, M. S. (2015) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022115620488 · Cited by 19
Rumination and self-control interact to predict bulimic symptomatology in college students
Breithaupt, L. E., Rallis, B. A., Mehlenbeck, R., & Kleiman, E. M. (2016) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.011 · Cited by 19
Within-person variations and between-person differences in self-control and wellbeing
Büyükcan-Tetik, A., Finkenauer, C., & Bleidorn, W. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.10.013 · Cited by 19
Higher trait self-control is associated with less intense visceral states
Baldwin, C. L., Finley, A. J., Garrison, K., Crowell, A. L., & Schmeichel, B. J. (2018) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2018.1495666 · Cited by 19
The utility of joint use of the Low Self-Control Scale and the Brief Self-Control Scale in explaining adolescent deviance
Li, J., & Vazsonyi, A. T. (2019) · European Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1177/1477370819845745 · Cited by 24
Social functioning in children with ADHD: an examination of inhibition, self-control, and working memory as potential mediators
Bullard, C. C., Alderson, R. M., Roberts, D. K., Tatsuki, M. O., Sullivan, M. A., & Kofler, M. J. (2024) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2024.2304375 · Cited by 23
Regret Me Not: Examining the Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Regrettable Experiences
Jones, A., Crawford, J., Rose, A. K., Christiansen, P., & Cooke, R. W. I. (2020) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2020.1817084 · Cited by 18
An Experience-Sampling Study on Academic Stressors and Cyberloafing in College Students: The Moderating Role of Trait Self-Control
Zhou, B., Li, Y., Tang, Y., & Cao, W. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.514252 · Cited by 31
Individual Risk, Country-Level Social Support, and Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimization Among Youths: A Cross-national Study
Deryol, R., Wilcox, P., & Stone, S. S. (2021) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605211015226 · Cited by 20
Parenting Practices and Rural Chinese Children’s Self-control and Problem Behaviors: A Comparison of Left-behind and Non-left-behind Children
Zhang, R., Zhang, X., Xiao, N., Ren, P., & Li, X. (2022) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-022-02422-x · Cited by 20
Mechanisms of maternal and paternal phubbing on adolescents’ self-control: The attenuating effect of having a sibling
Xie, X., Tang, X., Wu, S., & Shen, X. (2023) · Mobile Media & Communication · doi:10.1177/20501579231158225 · Cited by 18
When bigger is better: size of strategy repertoire predicts goal attainment
Werner, K. M., Wu, R., Gross, J. J., & Friese, M. (2025) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-024-10103-z · Cited by 20
The Role of Self-Regulation in Academic and Behavioral Paths to a High School Diploma
Cambron, C., Kosterman, R., Catalano, R. F., Guttmannova, K., Herrenkohl, T. I., Hemphill, S. A., & Hawkins, J. D. (2017) · Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology · doi:10.1007/s40865-017-0066-5 · Cited by 20
The role of self-control, self-efficacy, metacognition, and motivation in predicting school achievement
Džinović, V., Đević, R., & Đerić, I. D. (2018) · Psihologija · doi:10.2298/psi180202027d · Cited by 25
Physical activity in Indonesian University students: the contradictory roles of dispositional mindfulness and self-control
Yusainy, C., Chan, D. K. C., Hikmiah, Z., & Anggono, C. O. (2018) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1546015 · Cited by 19
High Self-Control Reduces Risk Preference: The Role of Connectivity Between Right Orbitofrontal Cortex and Right Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Wang, M., Chen, Z., Zhang, S., Xu, T., Zhang, R., Suo, T., & Feng, T. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00194 · Cited by 19
Telling tales
Harry, T. T., Dodd, N. M., & Chinyamurindi, W. (2019) · Journal of Global Mobility The Home of Expatriate Management Research · doi:10.1108/jgm-05-2018-0024 · Cited by 18
Intrinsic and extrinsic future goals: Their differential effects on students’ self‐control and distal learning outcomes
Zhoc, K. C. H., King, R. B., Law, W., & McInerney, D. M. (2019) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.22287 · Cited by 23
Changing Behavior Using Theories at the Interpersonal, Organizational, Community, and Societal Levels
Ruiter, R. A. C., Crutzen, R., de Leeuw, E., & Kok, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.018 · Cited by 20
The effects of emotion and social consensus on moral decision-making
Wang, D., Kong, X., Nie, X., Shang, Y., Xu, S., He, Y., Maguire, P., & Hu, Y. (2020) · Ethics & Behavior · doi:10.1080/10508422.2020.1830404 · Cited by 19
General and Food-Specific Inhibitory Control As Moderators of the Effects of the Impulsive Systems on Food Choices
Zhang, X., Chen, S., Chen, H., Gu, Y., & Xu, W. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00802 · Cited by 18
The personality-related implications of Stroop performance: Stress-contingent self-control in daily life
Klein, R. J., Liu, T., Diehl, D., & Robinson, M. D. (2017) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2017.07.006 · Cited by 22
Perceived—and not manipulated—self-control depletion predicts students’ achievement outcomes in foreign language assessments
Lindner, C., & Retelsdorf, J. (2019) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2019.1661975 · Cited by 19
Religious rituals as tools for adaptive self-regulation
Koole, S., Meijer, M., & Remmers, C. (2017) · Religion Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1080/2153599x.2016.1156562 · Cited by 16
The Self-Control of Eating
Mann, T. L., & Ward, A. C. (2024) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-012424-035404 · Cited by 18
Predictors of social-zapping behavior: Dark Triad, impulsivity, and procrastination facets contribute to the tendency toward last-minute cancellations
Müller, S. M., Stolze, D., & Brand, M. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110334 · Cited by 17
On the relation between mind wandering, PTSD symptomology, and self-control
Brosowsky, N. P., Smith, A. C., Smilek, D., & Seli, P. (2022) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2022.103288 · Cited by 17
Neural connectome features of procrastination: Current progress and future direction
Chen, Z., & Feng, T. (2022) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2022.105882 · Cited by 22
Self‐regulation in close relationships
Righetti, F., Đurić, M., Hofmann, W., & Finkenauer, C. (2022) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/pere.12449 · Cited by 20
The many foibles of Likert scales challenge claims that self-report measures of self-control are better than performance-based measures
Paap, K. R., Anders-Jefferson, R. T., Balakrishnan, N., & Majoubi, J. (2023) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-023-02089-2 · Cited by 25
Associations Between Behavioral, Cognitive, and Emotional Self-Regulation and Academic and Social Outcomes Among Chinese Children: a Meta-analysis
Geng, Z., Zeng, B., & Guo, L. (2023) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-023-09840-3 · Cited by 22
The effects of self-control on cognitive resource allocation during sustained attention: a transcranial Doppler investigation
Becker, A., Mandell, A. R., Tangney, J. P., Chrosniak, L. D., & Shaw, T. H. (2015) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4291-z · Cited by 20
Using stress and resource theories to examine the incentive effects of a performance-based extrinsic reward
Parker, S. L., Jimmieson, N. L., & Techakesari, P. (2017) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959285.2017.1347174 · Cited by 19
How to Have Your Cake and Eat It Too: Strategic Indulgence in Big-Time Collegiate Sports Among Academically Successful Students
Jia, L., Hirt, E. R., & Koh, A. H. Q. (2018) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550618789403 · Cited by 18
Assessing the Violent Offending and Violent Victimization Overlap Among a Sample of Chinese Youth and Young Adults
Wang, X., Cheon, H., & Beckman, L. O. (2018) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854818806024 · Cited by 17
Prior self-control exertion and perceptions of pain and motivation during a physically effortful task
Boat, R., Atkins, T., Davenport, N., & Cooper, S. B. (2018) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.08.007 · Cited by 17
When (state and trait) powers collide: Effects of power-incongruence and self-control on prosocial behavior
Schmidt‐Barad, T., & Uziel, L. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110009 · Cited by 19
The Essential Role of Cross-national Research in Assessing Theories of Crime: Illustrations from Modern Control Theory
Gottfredson, M. R. (2021) · International Criminology · doi:10.1007/s43576-020-00003-w · Cited by 18
Willpower is overrated
Inzlicht, M., & Friese, M. (2021) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x20000795 · Cited by 20
Correlation of Job stress and self-control through various dimensions in Beijing Hospital staff
Siddiqui, A., Jia, H., He, Y., Li, Y., Zhen, S., Chiang, S., Wu, H. E., He, S., & Zhang, X. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.094 · Cited by 17
The Mediational Role of Desire for Cultural Tightness on Concern With COVID-19 and Perceived Self-Control
Mula, S., Santo, D. D., Gelfand, M. J., Cabras, C., & Pierro, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.713952 · Cited by 17
“We” are in This Pandemic, but “You” can get Through This: The Effects of Pronouns on Likelihood to Stay-at-Home During COVID-19
Tu, K., Chen, S. S., & Mesler, R. M. (2021) · Journal of Language and Social Psychology · doi:10.1177/0261927x211044799 · Cited by 18
Getting trapped in a dead end? Trait self-control and boredom are linked to goal adjustment
Bieleke, M., Wolff, W., & Keller, L. (2022) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-022-09943-4 · Cited by 17
Feeling Depleted and Powerless
Kim, J., Lee, S., & Rua, T. (2015) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167215574993 · Cited by 17
Cue awareness in avoiding effortful control
Dunn, T. L., Gaspar, C., & Risko, E. F. (2018) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.05.011 · Cited by 21
Thriving in the hybrid workspace: how task variety and self-control affect job performance
Naqshbandi, M. M., Ishak, N. A., Kabir, I., & Islam, M. Z. (2025) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-06-2024-1266 · Cited by 21
Trait impulsivity and health risk behaviors: A latent profile analysis
Rogers, M. M., Kelley, K., & McKinney, C. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110511 · Cited by 16
Mixed Results on the Efficacy of the CharacterMe Smartphone App to Improve Self-Control, Patience, and Emotional Regulation Competencies in Adolescents
Schnitker, S. A., Shubert, J., Ratchford, J. L., Lumpkin, M., & Houltberg, B. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.586713 · Cited by 21
Couples’ self-control and marital conflict: Does similarity, complementarity, or totality matter more?
Cheung, A. K., Chiu, T. Y., & Choi, S. Y. P. (2021) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102638 · Cited by 16
The motivations of leaders to lead Facebook online groups: a case study of parenting groups
Gal, L., Gazit, T., & Bronstein, J. (2022) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2022.2093272 · Cited by 16
Vicious cycle of emotion regulation and ODD symptoms among Chinese school-age children with ODD: a random intercept cross-lagged panel model
Zhang, W., Li, Y., Li, L., Hinshaw, S. P., & Lin, X. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-023-00579-x · Cited by 21
The contribution and interplay of implicit and explicit processes on physical activity behavior: empirical testing of the physical activity adoption and maintenance (PAAM) model
Jekauc, D., Gürdere, C., Englert, C., Strobach, T., Bottesi, G., Bray, S. R., Brown, D. M. Y., Fleig, L., Ghisi, M., Graham, J., et al. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18589-5 · Cited by 18
Low self-control, perceived social support and internet gaming addiction: findings from an ethnicity minority region in China
Meng, C., Li, Q., Cui, K., Yanyu, X., Wencai, L., & Xia, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1458626 · Cited by 16
The Impact of Nomophobia: Exploring the Interplay Between Loneliness, Smartphone Usage, Self-control, Emotion Regulation, and Spiritual Meaningfulness in an Indonesian Context
Safaria, T., Saputra, N. E., & Arini, D. P. (2024) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-024-00438-2 · Cited by 20
Feeling Full or Empty Inside? Peran Perbedaan Individual dalam Struktur Pengalaman Afektif
Yusainy, C. (2017) · Jurnal Psikologi · doi:10.22146/jpsi.18377 · Cited by 24
Sorry is the Hardest Word to Say: The Role of Self-Control in Apologizing
Guilfoyle, J. R., Struthers, C. W., van Monsjou, E., & Shoikhedbrod, A. (2019) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2018.1553715 · Cited by 16
No honor among thieves: personal and peer deviance as explanations of online identity fraud victimization
Reyns, B. W., & Randa, R. (2019) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/s41284-019-00182-w · Cited by 16
The Interaction Between Self-Control and Perceived Sanction Risk: An Analysis From the Viewpoint of Different Theories
Hirtenlehner, H. (2020) · Criminal Justice Review · doi:10.1177/0734016819876347 · Cited by 15
Effect of Impulsivity Traits on Food Choice within a Nudging Intervention
Marques, I. F., Ting, M., Cedillo-Martínez, D., & Pérez-Cueto, F. J. A. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12051402 · Cited by 16
Changing Behavior Using Social Identity Processes
Reynolds, K. J., Branscombe, N. R., Subašić, E., & Willis, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.016 · Cited by 21
Financial Decision Making and Individual Dispositions
Sekścińska, K., & Markiewicz, Ł. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45500-2_7 · Cited by 17
Spanish Version of the Bedtime Procrastination Scale: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation in a Sample of Nursing Students
Garrido, C., Montes‐Hidalgo, J., Limonero, J. T., Gómez-Romero, M. J., & Tomás‐Sábado, J. (2021) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941211005120 · Cited by 17
The role of task similarity for ego depletion: A registered report
Primoceri, P., Ramer, N., Ullrich, J., & Job, V. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104133 · Cited by 17
The social dynamics of knowledge hiding: a diary study on the roles of incivility, entitlement, and self-control
Venz, L., & Mohr, M. (2022) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2022.2089562 · Cited by 16
The Metacognition in Self-Control Scale (MISCS)
Bürgler, S., Kleinke, K., & Hennecke, M. (2022) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2022.111841 · Cited by 22
Body Mass Index, Obesity, and Self-Control: A Comparison of Chronotypes
Wang, L. (2014) · Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal · doi:10.2224/sbp.2014.42.2.313 · Cited by 16
Resisting temptation of unhealthy food: interaction between temptation-elicited goal activation and self-control
Haynes, A., Kemps, E., Moffitt, R. L., & Mohr, P. B. (2014) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-014-9393-6 · Cited by 17
Escala Breve de Autocontrolo: Validação e Invariância numa Amostra de Jovens Portugueses
Pechorro, P. S., Braga-Pontes, C., DeLisi, M., Alberto, I., & Simões, M. R. (2019) · Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación - e Avaliação Psicológica · doi:10.21865/ridep54.1.01 · Cited by 16
AlGC techno-overload and hospitality employees’ service outcomes: a conservation of resources perspective
Wei, W., Deng, Y., & Chen, K. (2025) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-02-2025-0196 · Cited by 15
Does ego depletion impair adaptive performance? A longitudinal analysis
Stasielowicz, L. (2019) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2019.1640340 · Cited by 16
Dark Triad Personalities, Self-control, and Antisocial/Criminal Outcomes in Youth
Pechorro, P. S., DeLisi, M., Gonçalves, R. A., Braga, T., & Marôco, J. P. (2022) · Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1080/24732850.2021.2013356 · Cited by 15
Hedonic consumption in times of stress: reaping the emotional benefits without the self-regulatory cost
Balleyer, A. H., & Fennis, B. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.685552 · Cited by 15
More proactive but less efficient: The effect of trait self-control on emotion regulation and its neural mechanisms
Pan, W., Long, Y., Wang, H., & Yue, C. (2023) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114567 · Cited by 16
Give me the newest! Effect of social exclusion on new products adoption
Liang, S., Lan, B., Li, R., Zhang, M., Chu, Y., & Li, L. (2024) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.13046 · Cited by 15
Parenting Styles and Youth’s Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors: Does Self-Control Matter?
Almeida, D., & Santos, G. (2024) · International Criminology · doi:10.1007/s43576-024-00137-1 · Cited by 15
The Involvement of Different Ethnic Groups in Various Types of Crime in the Netherlands
Blom, M., & Jennissen, R. (2013) · European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10610-013-9210-x · Cited by 15
Using self-reported and objective measures of self-control to predict exercise and academic behaviors among first-year university students
Stork, M., Graham, J. D., Bray, S. R., & Ginis, K. A. M. (2016) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105315623627 · Cited by 16
Ready, set, go: Cortical hemodynamics during self-controlled sprint starts
Wolff, W., Thürmer, J. L., Stadler, K., & Schüler, J. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.11.002 · Cited by 17
Validation and Adaptation of the Brief Self-Control Scale With Spanish Adolescents: Factorial Structure and Evidences of Reliability, Validity, and Factor Invariance Across Gender and Age
Rodríguez‐Menchón, M., Morales, A., Orgilés, M., & Espada, J. P. (2021) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191121996470 · Cited by 21
Does teacher’s emotional support amplify the relationship between parental warm support and academic achievement via self-control in Chinese adolescents: A longitudinal moderated mediation model
Saeed, M., Zhao, Q., Zhang, B., & Li, C. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01695-7 · Cited by 16
Relationships between test anxiety, self-regulation and strategies for coping with stress, in professional examination candidates
Romera, J. A., & de la Fuente, J. (2021) · Anales de Psicología · doi:10.6018/analesps.411131 · Cited by 21
The role of fear of negative evaluation on the effects of self-control on affective states and life satisfaction: a moderated mediation analysis
Lee, A., Chan, W., & Ng, J. C. K. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-04130-7 · Cited by 13
The stability of self-control in a population-representative study
Cobb‐Clark, D. A., Kong, N., & Schildberg-Hörisch, H. (2023) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.joep.2022.102599 · Cited by 15
Evaluating Variant Callous–Unemotional Traits Among Noninstitutionalized Youth
Flexon, J. L. (2014) · Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice · doi:10.1177/1541204013519829 · Cited by 19
Revisión Sistemática de la Habilidad de Autocontrol del Estudiante y su Rendimiento Académico en la Vida Universitaria
Pérez, M. V. H., Cobo-Rendon, R. C., Sáez-Delgado, F., & Mújica, A. D. (2018) · Formación universitaria · doi:10.4067/s0718-50062018000300049 · Cited by 24

Authors: de Ridder, D. T. D., Lensvelt-Mulders, G., Finkenauer, C., Stok, F. M., & Baumeister, R. F.
Affiliations: Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Utrecht University (NL)
Florida State University (US)
ORCID: Finkenauer, Catrin
Stok, F. Marijn
Baumeister, Roy F.
Venue: Personality and Social Psychology Review
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2011-08-30
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 76-99
ISSN: 1088-8683 (ISSN-L)
1532-7957
DOI: 10.1177/1088868311418749
OpenAlex: W2077057247
Cited by: 1,693
References: 171
Citations by year: 2026: 113 · 2025: 128 · 2024: 143 · 2023: 132 · 2022: 140 · 2021: 154 · 2020: 185 · 2019: 150 · 2018: 133 · 2017: 100 · 2016: 104 · 2015: 92 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 49.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
nbn-resolving.de
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Personality and Social Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
KOPS (University of Konstanz) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: European Commission (223488)
National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (RL1AA017541)
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (UL1DE019586)
Common Fund (UL1-DE019586)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords: self-control, self-control scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, impulsivity, life domains, achievement, psychological adjustment
MeSH terms: Achievement, Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Internal-External Control, Motivation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Taking Stock of Self-Control: A Meta-Analysis of How Trait Self-Control Relates to a Wide Range of Behaviors

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks