Maternal exposure to intimate partner abuse before birth is associated with autism spectrum disorder in offspring
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We sought to determine whether maternal (a) physical harm from intimate partner abuse during pregnancy or (b) sexual, emotional, or physical abuse before birth increased risk of autism spectrum disorder. We calculated risk ratios for autism spectrum disorder associated with abuse in a population-based cohort of women and their children (54,512 controls, 451 cases). Physical harm from abuse during pregnancy was not associated with autism spectrum disorder. However, autism spectrum disorder risk was increased in children of women who reported fear of partner or sexual, emotional, or physical abuse in the 2 years before the birth year (abuse in the year before the birth year: risk ratio = 1.58, 95% confidence interval = 1.04, 2.40; abuse in both of the 2 years before the birth year: risk ratio = 2.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.33, 3.50). Within-family results were similar, although did not reach statistical significance. Association of intimate partner abuse before the child’s birth year with autism spectrum disorder in the child was not accounted for by gestation length, birth weight, maternal smoking or alcohol consumption during pregnancy, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, or history of induced abortion.
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Diverse environmental factors have been implicated as risk factors for ASD, including maternal stress and drug use, paternal age, nutritional status, hormones, and environmental chemicals.
“Diverse environmental factors have been implicated as risk factors for ASD, including maternal stress and drug use, paternal age, nutritional status, hormones, and environmental chemicals [ 14 , 25–29 ].”
From DNA methylation: a mechanism linking environmental chemical exposures to risk of autism spectrum disorders? (2016) · cites this paper as [29]
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Women's posttraumatic stress symptoms and autism spectrum disorder in their children
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International Journal of Family Medicine
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Keil, K. P., & Lein, P. J. (2016) · Environmental Epigenetics · doi:10.1093/eep/dvv012 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Beversdorf, D. Q., & MISSOURI AUTISM SUMMIT CONSORTIUM* (2016) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000351 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
- Authors
- Roberts, A. L., Lyall, K., Rich-Edwards, J. W., Ascherio, A., & Weisskopf, M. G.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Roberts, Andrea L
- Venue
- Autism
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-02-06
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 26-36
- ISSN
- 1362-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7005
- PMC
- PMC4605895
- OpenAlex
- W2007280276
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 5.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Autism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH073124)
- National Cancer Institute (CA50385, R01CA050385)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, intimate partner violence, maternal exposure, prenatal exposure, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse, pregnancy, offspring risk, maternal health
- MeSH terms
- Intimate Partner Violence, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Fear, Female, Humans, Mothers, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Odds Ratio
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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