Trust and Leader—Member Exchange: A Closer Look at Relational Vulnerability
Abstract
Trust in work relationships is an intriguing topic in leader—member exchange (LMX) research, however, previous LMX studies examined trust as unidimensional. Research on LMX has yet to explore the multidimensional nature of trust and how different dimensions may affect LMX quality. This study with 228 full-time employees explores the effect of different trust dimensions on LMX relationships. It is interesting that LMX quality was positively related to identification-based trust as well as calculus-based trust, which involves calculative exchanges. Results found support for a nonlinear association between calculus-based trust and LMX. Thus, contrary to expectations, trust appears to be vulnerable even in high-quality LMX relations.
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Scandura and Pellegrini (2008) found significant discriminant validity between trust and LMX.
“In support, Scandura and Pellegrini (2008) found significant discriminant validity between trust and LMX.”
From A meta-analysis of the role of trust in the leadership- performance relationship (2021) · cites this paper as Scandura and Pellegrini (2008)
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Peterson, T. O., & Peterson, C. M. (2012) · Journal of Leadership Education · doi:10.12806/v11/i1/rf6 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Haesevoets, T., David De Cremer, A., Schutter, L. D., van Dijke, M., Young, H. R., Lee, H. W., Johnson, R. E., & Chiang, J. T. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24882-3 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Hassanein, F. R., Mohammadi, S., & Zargar, P. (2025) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci15050171 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Jung, J. H., Yoo, J., & Jung, Y. (2021) · Journal of Service Theory and Practice · doi:10.1108/jstp-04-2021-0079 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Trust as a multidimensional phenomenon in LMX relationships
Hirvi, S. K., Laulainen, S., & Taskinen, H. (2020) · Journal of Health Organization and Management · doi:10.1108/jhom-12-2019-0349 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Zhang, Z., Zhang, L., Wang, H., & Zheng, J. (2020) · Journal of Management & Organization · doi:10.1017/jmo.2020.5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Leader-member-exchange and the workplace bully
Foster, P. J. (2012) · K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Leader self-efficacy and role ambiguity and follower leader-member exchange
Kuvaas, B., & Buch, R. (2019) · Leadership & Organization Development Journal · doi:10.1108/lodj-05-2019-0209 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Waskito, J., Kussudyarsana, K., Imronudin, I., & Linansya, W. (2023) · Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business · doi:10.22146/gamaijb.65476 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Do I Trust You to Lead the Way? Exploring Trust and Mistrust in Leader Follower Relations
Bligh, M. C., & Kohles, J. C. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118326404.ch5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Beyond the birdcage: building trust in different regulatory contexts
Bentzen, T. Ø., Winsvold, M., & Six, F. E. (2026) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2026.2623188 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Yamamoto, M., Xu, S., Kee, K. F., & Li, W. (2025) · Journal of Trust Research · doi:10.1080/21515581.2024.2445505 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Musah, M. B., Rahman, R. E. A., Tahir, L. M., Al-Hudawi, S. H. V., & Daud, K. B. (2018) · International Journal of Educational Management · doi:10.1108/ijem-10-2016-0204 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Appraisal Participation and Perceived Voice in Annual Appraisal Interviews
Meinecke, A. L., Klonek, F. E., & Kauffeld, S. (2016) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051816655990 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Preparing potential leaders: Facilitating a learning experience on LMX and fairness in the workplace
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Crossover of work–family conflict in supervisor–subordinate dyads in India: does LMX matter?
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Uma análise dos antecedentes da confiança no líder numa unidade policial de operações especiais
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Exploring dual narratives of supervisory trust in remote supervisor–subordinate relationships
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The role of trust in personal financial planning
Cull, M. (2015) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A model of inclusion and inclusive leadership in the U.S.
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Principal Supervisors and the Challenge of Principal Support and Development
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Leadership, trust, and marketing effectiveness in service businesses
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- Authors
- Scandura, T. A., & Pellegrini, E. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- University of Missouri–St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-06-30
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 101-110
- ISSN
- 1548-0518 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-7089
- OpenAlex
- W2156560813
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 12.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Power and Status Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- leader-member exchange, trust, multidimensional trust, identification-based trust, LMX quality, nonlinear relationship, employee-employer relationship
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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