Methodology, Representation, and Games

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

In Deus Ex, at the stereotypical end of the spectrum, disability was physiognomic-a materialization of bitterness and isolation.

“At the stereotypical end of the spectrum, disability was physiognomic-a materialization of bitterness and isolation (Mitchell & Snyder, 2000, pp. 58-59).”

• cites Mitchell & Snyder, 2000, pp. 58-59Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

In Resident Evil 4, one form of augmentation is constructed as positive or advantageous, while the other is constructed as a disease or deficit.

“One form of augmentation is constructed as positive or advantageous.The other is constructed as a disease or deficit.(Carr, 2009, p. 5)”

• cites Carr, 2009, p. 5 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

May combine two claims.

In Resident Evil 4, deviance was associated with impairment and diminished agency, while the protagonist's dependence on colleagues and technology was normalized.

“The eventual finding was that in Resident Evil 4, deviance was associated with impairment and diminished agency, while the protagonist's dependence on colleagues and technology was normalized: Leon's headset is an augmentation that slots him into a particular chain of command.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The approach is time consuming.

“Aside from the logistical problems (the approach is time consuming), there are questions about how-or if-this method transfers to different games, or how it might be adapted for different game genres.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Deus Ex: Human Revolution accommodates erratic shifts between stereotypical and more insightful representations of disability.

“Deus Ex: Human Revolution (aka Deus Ex), for example, accommodates erratic shifts between stereotypical and more insightful representations of disability.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

In Deus Ex, at the more nuanced end of the spectrum, there were references to complex aspects of disability as a lived experience.

“At the more nuanced end of the spectrum, there were references to complex aspects of disability as a lived experience.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Even as a hybrid, Deus Ex offered a degree of variability that complicated attempts at fragmentation, which in turn complicated attempts at analysis.

“Even as a hybrid, Deus Ex offered a degree of variability that complicated attempts at fragmentation, which in turn complicated attempts at analysis.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Deus Ex is a hybrid RPG.
• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Deus Ex offers more choices around characterization than would be typical in an action adventure game, but less than would be found in a more typical RPG.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Accepting that a thorough documenting of Deus Ex was unfeasible and abandoning the idea that the game's fragments should be a consistent size or duration was what worked.

“What worked, in the end, was accepting that a thorough documenting of the game was unfeasible and abandoning the idea that the game's fragments should be a consistent size or duration.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Collecting fragments in the face of variability halted play and then halted analysis.

“Collecting fragments in the face of this variability halted play.Then, it halted analysis.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

The scale and variability of Deus Ex indicated the potential for the role of the player-as-analyst to blur into the role of the sort-of-player-as-earnest-yet-thwarted-archivist.

“The scale and variability of Deus Ex indicated the potential for the role of the player-as-analyst to blur into the role of the sort-of-player-as-earnest-yet-thwarted-archivist.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The armed antagonists in Deus Ex were well groomed, heavily armed young men from a range of backgrounds wearing 'urban-lumberjack' apparel and sensible shoes.

“I learnt that they were well groomed, heavily armed young men from a range of backgrounds wearing “urban-lumberjack” apparel and sensible shoes”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The sequence-as-fragment in the industrial research and development facility incorporates references to locks, overrides, breached security, hacking, boundaries, constraints, invasion, contamination, thwarted restrictions, and trespass.

“So, this example of a sequence-as-fragment incorporates references to locks, overrides, breached security, hacking, boundaries, constraints, invasion, contamination, thwarted restrictions, and trespass.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

The author only 'saw' the prosthetic hand gesture because they had abandoned progression through the game and given up the idea of systematic or thorough documentation.

“I only “saw” it because I had abandoned progression through the game and given up the idea of systematic or thorough documentation.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

If the fragmentation of a game is central to an approach, then that approach has taken up a textual perspective and is doing textual analysis.

“Extrapolated to games, this suggests that if the fragmentation of a game is central to my approach, then I have”

• cites Bellour (1975, p. 20) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

The point of fragmentation is that it undermines the solidarity or totality of the text, breaking it open so that its plurality or multiplicity can be unpacked.

“The point of fragmentation is that it undermines the solidarity or totality of the text, breaking it open so that its plurality or multiplicity can be unpacked (Barthes, 1974, pp. 15, 23).”

• cites Barthes, 1974, pp. 15, 23Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Game scholars writing about representation have balanced justifiable caution about the applicability of theory drawn from other fields with recognition that games themselves frequently borrow from comics, literature, film, and television through imagery, soundtrack, narrative elements, franchise membership, and generic convention.

“Game scholars writing about representation have balanced justifiable caution about the applicability of theory drawn from other fields, with recognition that games themselves frequently borrow from comics, literature, film, and television, through imagery, soundtrack, narrative elements, franchise membership, and generic convention.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The three-lens framework has a recurring tendency to warp into a form of classification during use and again during peer review.

“A reoccurring problem with these same lenses, however, is that they have a tendency to warp into a form of classification during use and again during peer review.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

The literature on meaning-making in games demonstrates the complexity of meaning-making in games.

“This literature demonstrates the complexity of meaning-making in games.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

There are indications that the approach has merit.

“There are other indications that the approach has merit.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

The degree of variability and customization on offer in a game would have implications for fragmentation.

“For instance, the degree of variability and customization on offer in a game would have implications for fragmentation.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

This warping can manifest as an expectation that the method relies on a fixed distinction between the structural bits and the textual bits of a game.

“This warping can manifest as an expectation that the method relies on a fixed distinction between the”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Krzywinska and Atkins point out that playing a game is a necessary step in understanding that game as experience.

“When discussing textual approaches to games analysis, Krzywinska and Atkins point out that playing a game is a necessary step in understanding that game as experience.”

• cites Krzywinska & Atkins, 2007Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The headset mirrors the infestation that facilitates the arch villain's control over the villagers.

“As such, it mirrors the infestation that facilitates the arch villain's control over the villagers.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

Bellour's (1975) essay 'The Unattainable Text' offers a way forward for addressing the methodological problems of textual analysis in digital games.

“Improbably, a film theory article from the mid-1970s offered a way forward.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

It is not unusual for work on representations in games to combine concepts from game studies with theory from cultural studies, literary studies, or media studies.

“It is not unusual for this work to combine concepts from game studies with theory from cultural studies, literary studies, or media studies.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Analysis generated through play is central to the literature on representations in games.

“Analysis generated through play is central to this literature.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Game theorists writing about textual methods have acknowledged the definitive aspects of games (as involving rules, etc.) while discussing the scope, applicability, offers, and limitations of textual analysis.

“Game theorists writing about textual methods have acknowledged the definitive aspects of games (as involving rules, etc.), while discussing the scope, applicability, offers, and limitations of textual analysis.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Bellour's (1975) essay 'The Unattainable Text' lists difficulties associated with the textual analysis of music, image, theatre, and especially film.

“In Bellour's (1975) playful, melancholy essay 'The Unattainable Text', he lists some of the difficulties associated with the textual analysis of music, image, theatre, and especially film.”

• cites Bellour, 1975 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The different framing of the terms 'text' and 'representation' in game studies highlights the need for specificity.

“The different framing of these terms is not a problem, but it does highlight the need for specificity.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

This version of textual analysis facilitated an inadvertent move past conventional readings of the game's zombie-like antagonists to highlight the materiality of zombie bodies (as manifestations of impairment) and the meaning of zombie bodies (fueled by discourses of disability as social contaminant).

“In short, this version of textual analysis facilitated an inadvertent move past conventional readings of the game's zombie-like antagonists to highlight the materiality of zombie bodies (as manifestations of impairment) and the meaning of zombie bodies (fueled by discourses of disability as social contaminant).”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Authors writing about representations in games have often focused on narrative-orientated, figurative, offline games, including action adventure games, survival horror games, and Role Playing Game (RPG) hybrids.

“These authors have often focused on narrative-orientated, figurative, offline games, including action adventure games, survival horror games, and Role Playing Game (RPG) hybrids.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

In previous work, the author argued that the analysis of representations in games is complicated by play, player prerogative, and context.

“In previous work, I argued that the analysis of representations in games is complicated by play, player prerogative, and context (Carr, 2006, p. 178;Carr, 2007, pp. 228-229).”

• cites Carr, 2006, p. 178Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Carr, 2007, pp. 228-229Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

The use of the three lenses (structural, textual, and intertextual) implies a version of game ontology, which in turn revives questions about the remit of textual analysis.

“Secondly, it is an issue that the use of the three lenses (structural, textual, and intertextual) implies a version of game ontology, which in turn revives questions about the remit of textual analysis.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

During use, accidental slides into ontology can become additionally complicated when the lenses are employed in proximity to particular issues (including representation) or particular game elements, such as narrative.

“During use, these accidental slides into ontology can become additionally complicated when the lenses are employed in proximity to particular issues (including representation) or particular game elements, such as narrative.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

There is scope for refinement of the approach.

“There is also scope for refinement.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

The different conceptual and methodological perspectives in game studies would be difficult to reconcile with each other or with the topic of representation as framed in this article.

“However, these different conceptual and methodological perspectives would be difficult to reconcile with each other or with the topic of representation as it is framed in this article.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The potential for the three lenses to mutate into forms of classification links back to concerns raised in the game studies literature about the scope and applicability of textual analysis.

“This potential for the three lenses to mutate into forms of classification links back to concerns raised in the game studies literature about the scope and applicability of textual analysis.[10]”

• cites [10]Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

There is not a straightforward relationship between identity, lived experience, and interpretation.

“Mind-boggling as this is in retrospect, it is a reminder that there is not a straightforward relationship between identity, lived experience, and interpretation.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Community affiliation can be fraught, conditional, and complex.

“Resistant and oppositional discourses might be obscured, just as community affiliation can be fraught, conditional, and complex (Snyder & Mitchell, 2006).”

• cites Snyder & Mitchell, 2006 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

Textual analysis can mean that the analyst finds herself attempting to apply a time consuming set of disintegrating procedures to a text that feels increasingly 'unmade.'

“This can mean that the analyst finds herself attempting to apply a time consuming set of disintegrating procedures to a text that feels increasingly “unmade.””

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Bellour states that film fragments fulfil the contradictory function of opening up textuality just as they interrupt unfolding.

“As Bellour (1975, p. 25) states when discussing film stills, such fragments fulfil”

• cites Bellour (1975, p. 25) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Texts, readers, and the relations between them are all subject to variable determinations.

“according to which “texts, readers, and the relations between them are all subject to variable determinations” (Bennett, 1983, p. 14).”

• cites Bennett, 1983 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

Once a rationale connects a theory with a method (the game is a text because the analyst is doing textual analysis by fragmentation), the analyst is working within a coherent conceptual framework, and additional rationales are unnecessary.

“Similarly, once I have provided a rationale that connects a theory with a method (i.e., the game is a text because I am doing textual analysis by fragmentation) that indicates that I am working within a coherent conceptual framework.In which case, providing additional rationales would be unnecessary.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

Textual analysis is a way of working that constructs the object of analysis in a particular way: the game is a text because the analyst is doing textual analysis.

“It suggests that textual analysis is a way of working that constructs the object of analysis in a particular way: The game is a text because I'm doing textual analysis.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Games offer play, replay, and repetition with degrees of variation.

“Games offer play, replay, and repetition with degrees of variation.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

These kinds of omissions are an inevitable part of social research.

“For theorists such as Law (2006), these kinds of omissions are an inevitable part of social research.”

• cites Law (2006)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Conflicts over meaning that arise during play in MMORPGs indicate that theories of textuality are relevant.

“Elsewhere I've argued that while MMORPGs are obviously social spaces, the conflicts over meaning that arise during play indicate that theories of textuality are relevant (Carr, 2012).”

• cites Carr, 2012 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

The version of textual analysis explored in this article depends on fragmentation and reflects the situated and subjective aspects of the role of the player-as-analyst.

“The version of textual analysis explored in this article depends on fragmentation and reflects the situated and subjective aspects of the role of the player-as-analyst.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

These references tie to issues of control and consent and contribute toward the representation of Adam's own impaired, augmented body as a contested location.

“All of which tie to issues of control and consent and contribute toward the representation of Adam's own impaired, augmented body as a contested location.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Bellour argues that in order to grasp the full experience of the multiplicity of operations within a text, the analyst requires a fragment or quote.

“In The Unattainable Text, Bellour (1975, p. 20) draws on Barthes' work to argue that in order to grasp at the”

• cites Bellour (1975, p. 20) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

May combine two claims.

The degree, extent, and forms of customization, variation, and repetition on offer during play vary from game to game, and replay can generate different acts, events, traits, and consequences.

“The degree, extent, and forms of customization, variation, and repetition on offer during play will vary, game to game, while replay will potentially generate different acts, events, traits, and consequences.”

May combine two claims.

Game theorists attempting textual analysis face a similar conundrum to film analysts, and it is not merely an issue of hardware.

“Bellour is writing at a time when film analysts were compelled to depend on stills, but, for all the differences in context and technology, game theorists attempting textual analysis face a similar conundrum, and it is not merely an issue of hardware.”

• cites Bellour (1975) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Textual analysis is best understood as an epistemological stance (a strategy, a perspective) that produces a provisional ontological statement as a by-product: the game is a text, for the moment, because the analyst is doing textual analysis.

“Bellour's essay suggests that textual analysis is best understood as an epistemological stance (a strategy, a perspective) that produces a provisional ontological statement as a by-product: The game is a text, for the moment, because I am doing textual analysis.”

• cites Bellour (1975) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Games vary, so the relationship between a fragment and the game as played will vary.

“My point is, rather, that games vary, so the relationship between a fragment and the game as played will vary.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

Reading formations, as a concept, suggests that it is entirely probable that the potential meanings attributable to specific elements of a game would attain greater or lesser significance within particular contexts.

“Reading formations, as a concept, suggests that it is entirely probable that the potential meanings attributable to specific elements of a game would attain greater or lesser significance within particular contexts.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

Games that feature a significant amount of variability plus the option to Role Play would not be an easy fit with the version of textual analysis presented here.

“However, games that feature a significant amount of variability plus the option to Role Play would not be an easy fit with the version of textual analysis presented here.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Bellour states that as soon as the analyst quotes a fragment of film, one has implicitly taken up a textual perspective.

“Discussing the analysis of film, Bellour (1975, p. 20) states that as soon as the analyst quotes a fragment of it, one has implicitly taken up a textual perspective, even if feebly and one-dimensionally, even if in a restrictive and regressive fashion, even if one continues to close the text back onto itself although it is [ . . .] the locus of an unbounded openness.”

• cites Bellour (1975, p. 20) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

This version of textual analysis does not require the division of the game as played into textual and nontextual elements.

“It does not require the division of the game as played into textual and nontextual elements.”

May combine two claims.

Game play can be recorded, but the recording would not be playable.

“Game play can be recorded, of course, but the recording would not be playable.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Resistant and oppositional discourses might be obscured.

“Resistant and oppositional discourses might be obscured, just as community affiliation can be fraught, conditional, and complex (Snyder & Mitchell, 2006).”

• cites Snyder & Mitchell, 2006 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

This version of textual analysis is a practice that, by definition, involves situated, embodied interpretation, and selective omission.

“In short, this version of textual analysis is a practice that, by definition, involves situated, embodied interpretation, and selective omission.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Textual analysis exposes plural meanings through fragmentation.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Film analysis involves submerging oneself in a quixotic process that constantly mimics, evokes, describes and tries frantically to complete with the object it attempts to understand.

“thus, film analysis involves submerging oneself in a quixotic process: it constantly mimics, evokes, describes; in a kind of principled despair it can but try frantically to complete with the object it is attempting to understand.”

• cites Bellour (1975) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

A single screenshot would exceed four meanings.

“Even a single screenshot would exceed four meanings-so this is very much an adaptation of Barthes' method.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

Slowed and looped to the point that it breaks, the game as text is fractured, and its plurals made available.

“Slowed and looped to the point that it breaks, the game as text is fractured, and its plurals made available.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Textual analysis exposes plural meanings through fragmentation.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

The relationship between subjectivity and interpretation is complex and unpredictable.

“This is one of the reasons why the relationship between subjectivity and interpretation is so complex and unpredictable.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: One of the ways in which disempowerment manifests is in the struggle to locate viable discourses through which to articulate lived experience.

May combine two claims.

Each player produces a different game protagonist over time, with different traits, achievements, augmentations, inventory, fighting style and experience levels, and the player's own experience level shifts over time, and these shifts impact on interpretation.

“each player produces a different game protagonist over time, with different traits, achievements, augmentations, inventory, fighting style and experience levels, and the player's own experience level shifts over time, and these shifts impact on interpretation (Carr, 2007, p. 230).”

• cites Carr, 2007, p. 230Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

Textual analysis can be uncomfortable.

“Textual analysis can be uncomfortable.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

This work has emphasized the significance of play and reading formations to textual analysis.

“This work has emphasized the significance of play and reading formations to textual analysis.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Different theories of agency might be better suited to considerations of the game as made (structural), or the game during play (textual), or the game and player as culturally situated (intertextual).

“For example, different theories of agency might be better suited to considerations of the game as made (structural), or the game during play (textual), or the game and player as culturally situated (intertextual).”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

Bellour argued that the film text could not be fragmented without shearing off its defining qualities, including movement.

“Bellour argued that the film text could not be fragmented without shearing off its defining qualities, including movement.”

• cites Bellour (1975) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Reading formations acknowledge that analysis will involve omission, that the potentials for meanings may be differently activated, and that these potentials could be accorded different weight or status in particular contexts and communities.

“Reading formations are a way to acknowledge that analysis will involve omission, that the potentials for meanings may be differently activated, and that these potentials could be accorded different weight or status in particular contexts and communities (Barthes, 1974, p. 7).”

• cites Barthes, 1974Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

The would-be textual analyst needs to approach fragmentation itself as a process that requires adaptation, game to game.

“So, the would-be textual analyst needs to approach fragmentation itself as a process that requires adaptation, game to game.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

Bellour laments the implausibility of textual analysis and the unattainability of film as text while affirming the relevance of textual analysis to cinema.

“He laments the implausibility of the process of textual analysis and the unattainability of film as text, while affirming the relevance of textual analysis to the study of cinema.”

• cites Bellour (1975) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

In the version of textual analysis explored in this article, a game becomes a text because it is the subject of a textual analysis, and textual analysis is taking place when the analysis involves fragmentation.

“In the version of textual analysis explored in this article, a game becomes a text because it is the subject of a textual analysis, and textual analysis is taking place when the analysis involves fragmentation.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Textual analysis generated through play will necessarily involve-and generate-selective omission.

“So, textual analysis generated through play will necessarily involve-and generate-selective omission.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Textual analysis exposes plural meanings through fragmentation.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The tendency for humanities-based game scholars to draw on their own experiences of play is long standing.

“The tendency for humanities-based game scholars to draw on their own experiences of play is long standing (see King & Krzywinska's ScreenPlay, 2002, or Krzywinska, 2005).”

• cites King & Krzywinska's ScreenPlay, 2002Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Krzywinska, 2005 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

The review of literature is limited to work published in English.

“My review of literature is limited to work published in English.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The three lens approach can be adapted for thinking through theoretical applicability.

“The three lens approach can be adapted for thinking through theoretical applicability (Carr, 2013).”

• cites Carr, 2013Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Barthes holds that fragmentation is an affirmation of the plural that helps expose any ideology of totality and undermines naturalness.

“For Barthes (1974, p. 15, emphasis in original), fragmentation is an”

• cites Barthes (1974, p. 15)Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The prosthetic hand gesture is relevant to the representation of disability because it contributes toward the game's connecting of augmentation with monstrosity.

“This gesture is relevant to the representation of disability because it contributes toward the game's connecting of augmentation with monstrosity.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

Textual analysis is a disorderly process that involves improvisation, iteration, and adaptation.

“Textual analysis is a disorderly process that involves improvisation, iteration, and adaptation.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

When the topic is the representation of identities or groups, it is not necessary to restrict the inquiry to certain parts of a game or to assume that different forms of meaning generation within the game should automatically be prioritized over others.

“When the topic is the representation of identities or groups, it is not necessary to restrict the inquiry to certain parts of a game or to assume that different forms of meaning generation within the game should automatically be prioritized over others.”