Assessing the Effect of Musical Congruency on Wine Tasting in a Live Performance Setting
Open accessAbstract
At a wine tasting event with live classical music, we assessed whether participants would agree that certain wine and music pairings were congruent. We also assessed the effect of musical congruency on the wine tasting experience. The participants were given two wines to taste and two pieces of music—one chosen to match each wine—were performed live. Half of the participants tasted the wines while listening to the putatively more congruent music, the rest tasted the wines while listening to the putatively less congruent music. The participants rated the wine–music match and assessed the fruitiness, acidity, tannins, richness, complexity, length, and pleasantness of the wines. The results revealed that the music chosen to be congruent with each wine was indeed rated as a better match than the other piece of music. Furthermore, the music playing in the background also had a significant effect on the perceived acidity and fruitiness of the wines. These findings therefore provide further support for the view that music can modify the wine drinking experience. However, the present results leave open the question of whether the crossmodal congruency between music and wine itself has any overarching influence on the wine drinking experience.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Similar sonic seasoning effects involving sweetness have been found in a range of food and beverage stimuli ranging from juice to beer, and from chocolate to wine.
“Similar sonic seasoning e ects, specifically involving sweetness, have since been found in a range of food and beverage stimuli ranging from juice to beer, and from chocolate to wine [9,24,25,27,90,91].”
From The Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Sensory Factors in Sweetness Perception of Food and Beverages: A Review (2019) · cites this paper as [91]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that music changed perceived acidity and fruitiness in wine, supporting the wine example. It proposes a link between the fruitiness effect and sweetness, but the study did not report a change in perceived sweetness. This source therefore does not establish the specifically sweetness-related effect attributed to it. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The weirdest people in the world?
Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0999152x · Cited by 12,641 · see citing works
WEIRD languages have misled us, too
Majid, A., & Levinson, S. C. (2010) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x1000018x · Cited by 4,169 · see citing works
DELIZA, R., & MacFIE, H. J. H. (1996) · Journal of Sensory Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1745-459x.1996.tb00036.x · Cited by 763 · see citing works
Music–color associations are mediated by emotion
Palmer, S. E., Schloss, K. B., Xu, Z., & Prado-León, L. R. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1212562110 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Of Frog Wines and Frowning Watches: Semantic Priming, Perceptual Fluency, and Brand Evaluation
Labroo, A., Dhar, R., & Schwarz, N. (2008) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/523290 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Crisinel, A.-S., Cosser, S., King, S., Jones, R., Petrie, J., & Spence, C. (2012) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2011.08.009 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Self-citationCrossmodal correspondences between sounds and tastes
Knöferle, K., & Spence, C. J. (2012) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-012-0321-z · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Self-citationDeroy, O. D., Crisinel, A.-S., & Spence, C. J. (2013) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-013-0397-0 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citationQuestions of taste: the philosophy of wine
(2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-4337 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Spence, C., Velasco, C., & Knoeferle, K. (2014) · Flavour · doi:10.1186/2044-7248-3-8 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationVisualising Fragrances through Colours: The Mediating Role of Emotions
Schifferstein, H. N. J., & Tanudjaja, I. (2004) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p5132 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Music, emotion, and time perception: the influence of subjective emotional valence and arousal?
Droit‐Volet, S., Ramos, D., Bueno, J. L. O., & Bigand, E. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00417 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
The effect of background music on the taste of wine
North, A. C. (2011) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.2011.02072.x · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Auditory–Olfactory Integration: Congruent or Pleasant Sounds Amplify Odor Pleasantness
Seo, H., & Hummel, T. R. (2010) · Chemical Senses · doi:10.1093/chemse/bjq129 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Mesz, B., Trevisan, M. A., & Sigman, M. (2011) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p6801 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Assessing the influence of the multisensory environment on the whisky drinking experience
Velasco, C., Jones, R., King, S. P., & Spence, C. J. (2013) · Flavour · doi:10.1186/2044-7248-2-23 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of noise and distraction on alcohol perception
Stafford, L. D., Fernandes, M., & Agobiani, E. (2011) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2011.10.012 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
The Color of Music: Correspondence through Emotion
Barbiere, J. M., Vidal, A., & Zellner, D. A. (2007) · Empirical Studies of the Arts · doi:10.2190/a704-5647-5245-r47p · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Looking for crossmodal correspondences between classical music and fine wine
Spence, C. J., Richards, L., Kjellin, E., Huhnt, A.-M., Daskal, V., Scheybeler, A., Velasco, C., & Deroy, O. D. (2013) · Flavour · doi:10.1186/2044-7248-2-29 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationHolt‐Hansen, K. (1968) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1968.27.1.59 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
WHAT IS THE COLOR OF THAT MUSIC PERFORMANCE
Bresin, R. (2005) · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Extraordinary Experiences during Cross-Modal Perception
Holt‐Hansen, K. (1976) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1976.43.3f.1023 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Sweet and sour: music and taste associations
Kontukoski, M., Luomala, H., Mesz, B. A., Sigman, M., Trevisan, M. A., Rotola-Pukkila, M., & Hopia, A. (2015) · Nutrition & Food Science · doi:10.1108/nfs-01-2015-0005 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Congruent Sound Can Modulate Odor Pleasantness
Seo, H., Lohse, F., Luckett, C. R., & Hummel, T. R. (2013) · Chemical Senses · doi:10.1093/chemse/bjt070 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Multisensory perception as an associative learning process
Connolly, K. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01095 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
On Why Music Changes What (We Think) We Taste
Spence, C. J., & Deroy, O. D. (2013) · i-Perception · doi:10.1068/i0577ic · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationPerception of alcohol strength impaired by low and high volume distraction
Stafford, L. D., Agobiani, E., & Fernandes, M. (2013) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2012.12.005 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Exploring the World of Wines & Spirits
Fielden, C., Robinson, J., & Spirit Education Trust (1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 30 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Bronner, K., Frieler, K., Bruhn, H., Hirt, R., & Piper, D. (2012). What is the sound of citrus? Research on the correspondences between the perception of sound and flavour. In E. Cambouropoulos, C. Tsougras, P. Mavromatis, & K. Pastiadis (Eds.), Proceedings of the ICMPC—ESCOM 2012 joint conference (pp. 42–48). Thessaloniki, Greece: School of Music Studies, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.
- Spence, C., Velasco, C., Vanne, M., & Hopia, A. (2014). Can you taste the music? In: A. Hopia, & I. Ihanus (Eds.), The 5D cookbook (pp. 74–77). Finland.
- Winkielman P. Schwarz N. Fazendeiro T. Reber R. (2003) The hedonic marking of processing fluency: Implications for evaluative judgment. In: Musch J. Klauer K. C. (eds) The psychology of evaluation: Affective processes in cognition and emotion, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 189– 217.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Wang, Q. J., Mielby, L. A., Junge, J. Y., Bertelsen, A. S., Kidmose, U., Spence, C., & Byrne, D. V. (2019) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods8060211 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
“Similar sonic seasoning effects, specifically involving sweetness, have since been found in a range of food and beverage stimuli ranging from juice to beer, and from chocolate to wine [9,23,24,26,89,90].”
BackgroundSelf-citationSpence, C. J., Reinoso‐Carvalho, F., Velasco, C., & Wang, Q. J. (2019) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-20191403 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Self-citationKang, O., Thomson, R. I., & Moran, M. (2017) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12270 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
“Smooth operator”: Music modulates the perceived creaminess, sweetness, and bitterness of chocolate
Reinoso Carvalho, F., Wang, Q. (., van Ee, R., Persoone, D., & Spence, C. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.10.026 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationThe influence of soundscapes on the perception and evaluation of beers
Reinoso Carvalho, F., Wang, Q. (., Van Ee, R., & Spence, C. (2016) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2016.03.009 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationMultisensory experiential wine marketing
Spence, C. J. (2018) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.06.010 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationSensory expectations elicited by the sounds of opening the packaging and pouring a beverage
Spence, C. J., & Wang, Q. J. (2015) · Flavour · doi:10.1186/s13411-015-0044-y · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationNot Just Another Pint! The Role of Emotion Induced by Music on the Consumer’s Tasting Experience
Reinoso‐Carvalho, F., Dakduk, S., Wagemans, J. P., & Spence, C. J. (2019) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-20191374 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationSpence, C. J., & Wang, Q. J. (2015) · Flavour · doi:10.1186/s13411-015-0043-z · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, Y., Huang, A. X., Faber, I., Makransky, G., & Pérez-Cueto, F. J. A. (2020) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods9040465 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Wang, Q. J., & Spence, C. J. (2017) · Beverages · doi:10.3390/beverages3010001 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationAssessing the influence of music on wine perception among wine professionals
Wang, Q. (., & Spence, C. (2018) · Food Science & Nutrition · doi:10.1002/fsn3.554 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationCrossmodal interactions between audition and taste: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Guedes, D., Garrido, M. V., Lamy, E., Cavalheiro, B. P., & Prada, M. (2023) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2023.104856 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Peng-Li, D., Byrne, D. V., Chan, R. C. K., & Wang, Q. J. (2020) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.103962 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationSounds Healthy: Modelling sound-evoked consumer food choice through visual attention
Peng-Li, D., Mathiesen, S. L., Chan, R. C. K., Byrne, D. V., & Wang, Q. J. (2021) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2021.105264 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, Q. J., Mielby, L. A., Thybo, A. K., Bertelsen, A. S., Kidmose, U., Spence, C., & Byrne, D. V. (2019) · Journal of Sensory Studies · doi:10.1111/joss.12492 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationSilva, A. P., Voss, H., van Zyl, H., Hogg, T. A., de Graaf, C., Pintado, M., & Jager, G. (2018) · Journal of Sensory Studies · doi:10.1111/joss.12459 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Music and wine tasting: an experimental neuromarketing study
Hsu, L., & Chen, Y. (2019) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-06-2019-0434 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Wine and music (I): on the crossmodal matching of wine and music
Spence, C. J., & Wang, Q. J. (2015) · Flavour · doi:10.1186/s13411-015-0045-x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationGalmarini, M. V., Silva-Paz, R. J., Choquehuanca, D. E., Zamora, M. C., & Mesz, B. A. (2021) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110795 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Analysing the Impact of Music on the Perception of Red Wine via Temporal Dominance of Sensations
Wang, Q. J., Mesz, B. A., Riera, P., Trevisan, M. A., Sigman, M., Guha, A., & Spence, C. J. (2019) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-20191401 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationWine psychology: basic & applied
Spence, C. J. (2020) · Cognitive Research Principles and Implications · doi:10.1186/s41235-020-00225-6 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationSpence, C. J., Wang, Q. J., Reinoso‐Carvalho, F., & Keller, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.740354 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationReinoso‐Carvalho, F., Gunn, L. H., ter Horst, E., & Spence, C. J. (2020) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods9121876 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationWine Experiences: A Review from a Multisensory Perspective
Campo, R., Reinoso‐Carvalho, F., & Rosato, P. (2021) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app11104488 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The accentedness, comprehensibility, and intelligibility of Asian Englishes
Edwards, J. G. H., Zampini, M. L., & Cunningham, C. M. (2018) · World Englishes · doi:10.1111/weng.12344 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Sonic Seasoning and Other Multisensory Influences on the Coffee Drinking Experience
Spence, C. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2021.644054 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationHauck, P., & Hecht, H. (2018) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-20181321 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Wang, Q. J., Spence, C. J., & Knoeferle, K. M. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/xhp0000820 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationWine and music (III): so what if music influences the taste of the wine?
Spence, C. J., & Wang, Q. J. (2015) · Flavour · doi:10.1186/s13411-015-0046-9 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationCrossmodal Correspondences in the Sounds of Chinese Instruments
Qi, Y., Huang, F., Li, Z., & Wan, X. I. (2019) · Perception · doi:10.1177/0301006619888992 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Peng-Li, D., Chan, R. C. K., Byrne, D. V., & Wang, Q. J. (2020) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods9081109 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationTaste the Bass: Low Frequencies Increase the Perception of Body and Aromatic Intensity in Red Wine
Burzynska, J., Wang, Q. J., Spence, C. J., & Bastian, S. E. P. (2019) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-20191406 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of holistic processing in simultaneous consumption
Smith, R. W., & Redden, J. P. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104023 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Rodríguez, B., Reyes, L. H., & Reinoso‐Carvalho, F. (2023) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-bja10107 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Spence, C. J. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100350-3.00005-5 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationGuedes, D., Garrido, M. V., Lamy, E., & Prada, M. (2024) · International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science · doi:10.1016/j.ijgfs.2024.100879 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Wang, Q. J., Frank, M., Houge, B., Spence, C. J., & LaTour, K. A. (2019) · Journal of Wine Research · doi:10.1080/09571264.2019.1684248 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effect of stereotypical music on the customer selection of wine in an online environment
Damen, M., van Hest, I., & Wernaart, B. F. W. (2021) · Journal of Innovations in Digital Marketing · doi:10.51300/jidm-2021-35 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Cross-modal associations between paintings and sounds: Effects of embodiment
Iosifyan, M., Sidoroff-Dorso, A. V., & Wolfe, J. (2022) · Perception · doi:10.1177/03010066221126452 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Billeci, L., Sanmartin, C., Tonacci, A., Taglieri, I., Ferroni, G., Marangoni, R., & Venturi, F. (2024) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.13432 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Alcoholic beverages in context
Bastian, S. E. P., Danner, L., Niimi, J., Ristić, R., & Johnson, T. E. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814495-4.00029-5 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sensitive to music? Examining the crossmodal effect of audition on sweet taste sensitivity
Guedes, D., Prada, M., Garrido, M. V., Caeiro, I., Simões, C. R. B., & Lamy, E. (2023) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113256 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Music attributes and the perception of orange juice
Istiani, N. F. F., Masullo, M., Ruggiero, G., Francini, M., & Maffei, L. (2024) · International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science · doi:10.1016/j.ijgfs.2024.100953 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Crossmodal congruency effects between sound and food pictures in a forced-choice task
Padulo, C., Mangone, M., Brancucci, A., Balsamo, M., & Fairfield, B. (2020) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-020-01406-0 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Neural Correlates of Food Preference among Music Kinds
Jing, Y., Xu, Z., Pang, Y., Liu, X., Zhao, J. L., & Liu, Y. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13071127 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Implicit Association Effects Between Sound and Food Images
Padulo, C., Tommasi, L., & Brancucci, A. (2018) · Multisensory Research · doi:10.1163/22134808-20181308 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Multisensory interactions: The influence of context on beverage and soundtrack pairing
Vandenberghe‐Descamps, M., Mizener, B., Abdi, H., & Chollet, S. (2024) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2024.105297 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-construal priming modulates sonic seasoning
Xu, J., Guo, X., Liu, M., Xu, H., & Huang, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1041202 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Perspectives on Multisensory Human-Food Interaction
Velasco, C., Obrist, M., Huisman, G., Nijholt, A., Spence, C., Motoki, K., & Narumi, T. (2022) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-88974-233-2 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationSound Bites & Digital Seasoning
Spence, C. J. (2020) · array. the journal of the ICMA · doi:10.25370/array.v20152516 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationNot Just Another Pint! The Role of Emotion Induced by Music on the Consumer’s Tasting Experience
Reinoso‐Carvalho, F., Dakduk, S., Wagemans, J. P., & Spence, C. J. (2019) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004416307_007 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationSonidos del comer: propuestas para el estudio intermodal entre el sabor y la música
Razumiejczyk, E., Macbeth, G., Hurtado, G., Girardi, C. I. P., & Marmolejo‐Ramos, F. (2018) · Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales · doi:10.18257/raccefyn.628 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The impact of background music style on price thresholds for food and beverage products
Grossman, O., & Rachamim, M. (2025) · Marketing Letters · doi:10.1007/s11002-025-09803-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Investigating Environment–Beverage Matching: Effects on Expected and Perceived Palatability
Kawada, K., Komiya, S., Nitto, R., Warisawa, S., & Ban, Y. (2026) · ACM Transactions on Applied Perception · doi:10.1145/3841188 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Der Einsatz von Musik im Gastronomie- und Veranstaltungskontext
Reinhardt, J. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-28888-4_13 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Influence of Music on the Perception of Taste
Campinho, J. D. S. (2018) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Senses of Music: Towards a Theoretical Model of Multisensory Musical Experience
de Souza, C. M. N., Pereira, A. I., & Rodrigues, H. (2026) · Encyclopedia · doi:10.3390/encyclopedia6050094 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Silva, D. W. (2018) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2018.1126455
WINE MARKETING THROUGH SENSORY PERCEPTION
Ducman, A. A. (2022) · Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy · doi:10.24818/cafee/2020/9/03
Editorial: caminhos investigativos da música ubíqua, gastrossônica e bem-estar
Keller, D., Alcântara-Silva, T. R. D. M., & Mesz, B. A. (2023) · Revista Vórtex · doi:10.33871/23179937.2023.11.1.7776
Marin, I. (2011) · INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.201486
Forner, R. A. S., Carvalho, F. M., Ferreira, E. E. A., & Behrens, J. H. (2026) · Journal of Foodservice Business Research · doi:10.1080/15378020.2026.2639453
Koseki, Y., Nakano, K., Arikawa, Y., Kuzuoka, H., & Narumi, T. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2026.3699425
- Authors
- Wang, Q. (., & Spence, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Spence, Charles
- Venue
- i-Perception
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-06-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 2041669515593027-2041669515593027
- ISSN
- 2041-6695 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4934607
- OpenAlex
- W1832271583
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 9.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- i-Perception (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Arts and Humanities Research Council (AH/L007053/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management › Wine Industry and Tourism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Keywords
- crossmodal congruency, taste perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
