The DOI matches its Crossref record; 115 of the 115 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Indirect airway challenges
Open accessAbstract
Indirect challenges act by causing the release of endogenous mediators that cause the airway smooth muscle to contract. This is in contrast to the direct challenges where agonists such as methacholine or histamine cause airflow limitation predominantly via a direct effect on airway smooth muscle. Direct airway challenges have been used widely and are well standardised. They are highly sensitive, but not specific to asthma and can be used to exclude current asthma in a clinic population. Indirect bronchial stimuli, in particular exercise, hyperventilation, hypertonic aerosols, as well as adenosine, may reflect more directly the ongoing airway inflammation and are therefore more specific to identify active asthma. They are increasingly used to evaluate the prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and to assess specific problems in patients with known asthma,e.g.exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, evaluation before scuba diving. Direct bronchial responsiveness is only slowly and to a modest extent, influenced by repeated administration of inhaled steroids. Indirect challenges may reflect more closely acute changes in airway inflammation and a change in responsiveness to an indirect stimulus may be a clinically relevant marker to assess the clinical course of asthma. Moreover, some of the indirect challenges,e.g.hypertonic saline and mannitol, can be combined with the assessment of inflammatory cells by induction of sputum.
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Cites
(2000) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.1.ats11-99 · Cited by 2,467
Bronchial reactivity to inhaled histamine: a method and clinical survey
COCKCROFT, D. W., KILLIAN, D. N., MELLON, J. J. A., & HARGREAVE, F. E. (1977) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1977.tb01448.x · Cited by 1,840
Standardization of bronchial inhalation challenge procedures
Chai, H., Farr, R. S., Froehlich, L. A., Mathison, D. A., McLean, J. A., Rosenthal, R. R., Sheffer, A. L., Spector, S. L., & Townley, R. G. (1975) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/0091-6749(75)90107-4 · Cited by 1,453
Standardized challenge testing with pharmacological, physical and sensitizing stimuli in adults
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Use of induced sputum cell counts to investigate airway inflammation in asthma.
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SONT, J. K., WILLEMS, L. N. A., BEL, E. H., van KRIEKEN, J. H. J. M., VANDENBROUCKE, J. P., STERK, P. J., & the AMPUL Study Group (1999) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.4.9806052 · Cited by 885
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Reproducibility and comparison of responses to inhaled histamine and methacholine.
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Cited by
Balady, G. J., Arena, R., Sietsema, K., Myers, J., Coke, L., Fletcher, G. F., Forman, D., Franklin, B., Guazzi, M., Gulati, M., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3181e52e69 · Cited by 1,964
Reddel, H. K., Taylor, D. R., Bateman, E. D., Boulet, L.-P., Boushey, H. A., Busse, W. W., Casale, T. B., Chanez, P., Enright, P. L., Gibson, P. G., et al. (2009) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200801-060st · Cited by 1,918
Papi, A., Brightling, C., Pedersen, S. E., & Reddel, H. K. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)33311-1 · Cited by 1,759
Metadata
- Authors
- Joos, G. F., & O'Connor, B.
- Venue
- European Respiratory Journal
- Publisher
- European Respiratory Society (ERS)
- Published
- 2003-06
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1050-1068
- ISSN
- 0903-1936 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-3003
- OpenAlex
- W2162313549
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 115
- FWCI
- 10.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
