Attrition and generalizability in longitudinal studies: findings from a 15-year population-based study and a Monte Carlo simulation study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Attrition is one of the major methodological problems in longitudinal studies. It can deteriorate generalizability of findings if participants who stay in a study differ from those who drop out. The aim of this study was to examine the degree to which attrition leads to biased estimates of means of variables and associations between them. METHODS: Mothers of 18-month-old children were enrolled in a population-based study in 1993 (N=913) that aimed to examine development in children and their families in the general population. Fifteen years later, 56% of the sample had dropped out. The present study examined predictors of attrition as well as baseline associations between variables among those who stayed and those who dropped out of that study. A Monte Carlo simulation study was also performed. RESULTS: Those who had dropped out of the study over 15 years had lower educational level at baseline than those who stayed, but they did not differ regarding baseline psychological and relationship variables. Baseline correlations were the same among those who stayed and those who later dropped out. The simulation study showed that estimates of means became biased even at low attrition rates and only weak dependency between attrition and follow-up variables. Estimates of associations between variables became biased only when attrition was dependent on both baseline and follow-up variables. Attrition rate did not affect estimates of associations between variables. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term longitudinal studies are valuable for studying associations between risk/protective factors and health outcomes even considering substantial attrition rates.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Attrition rates in longitudinal research vary widely.
“Attrition rates in longitudinal research vary widely [43]”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,588 · see citing works
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,406 · see citing works
Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling
Tabri, N., & Elliott, C. M. (2012) · Canadian Graduate Journal of Sociology and Criminology · doi:10.15353/cgjsc.v1i1.3787 · Cited by 39,065 · see citing works
Statistical power analyses using G∗Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/brm.41.4.1149 · Cited by 37,615 · see citing works
(1998) · Cited by 36,049 · see citing works
Missing data: our view of the state of the art
Schafer, J. L., & Graham, J. W. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.2.147 · Cited by 11,638 · see citing works
What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments
Perneger, T. V. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7139.1236 · Cited by 5,900 · see citing works
Temperament: Early Developing Personality Traits
Buss, A. H., & Plomin, R. J. (1984) · Research Portal (King's College London) · Cited by 2,139 · see citing works
Caspi, A. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830110071009 · Cited by 1,159 · see citing works
Self‐selection and bias in a large prospective pregnancy cohort in Norway
Nilsen, R. M., Vollset, S. E., Gjessing, H. K., Skjærven, R., Klungsøyr, K., Schreuder, P., Alsaker, E. R., Haug, K., Daltveit, A. K., & Magnus, P. M. (2009) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3016.2009.01062.x · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Assessing the non-random sampling effects of subject attrition in longitudinal research
Goodman, J. S., & Blum, T. C. (1996) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920639602200405 · Cited by 766 · see citing works
(1980) · PubMed · Cited by 473 · see citing works
The association between depression and marital dissatisfaction.
Whisman, M. A. (2001) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10350-001 · Cited by 471 · see citing works
How well can a few questionnaire items indicate anxiety and depression?
Tambs, K., & Moum, T. (1993) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03388.x · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Sample size determination for logistic regression revisited
Demidenko, E. (2006) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2771 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Survey non-response in the Netherlands: Effects on prevalence estimates and associations
Van Loon, A. (2003) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s1047-2797(02)00257-0 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Social Support, Negative Life Events and Mental Health
Dalgard, O. S., Bj⊘rk, S., & Tambs, K. (1995) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.166.1.29 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Symptoms of Emotional Distress in a Family Planning Service: Stability over a Four-Week Period
Winokur, A., Winokur, D. F., Rickels, K., & Cox, D. S. (1984) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.144.4.395 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
de Graaf, R., Bijl, R. V., Smit, F., Ravelli, A., & Vollebergh, W. (2000) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/152.11.1039 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Monte Carlo Experiments: Design and Implementation
Paxton, P. M., Curran, P. J., Bollen, K. A., Kirby, J., & Chen, F. (2001) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1207/s15328007sem0802_7 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Research Methods and Statistics
(2009) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781439808443.ch2 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Mathiesen, K. S., & Tambs, K. (1999) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00460 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Major depression in the transition to adulthood: Risks and impairments.
Reinherz, H. Z., Giaconia, R. M., Hauf, A. M. C., Wasserman, M. S., & Silverman, A. B. (1999) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.108.3.500 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Psychopathology and Attirition in the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Surveys
Eaton, W. W., Anthony, J. C., Tepper, S., & Dryman, A. (1992) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116399 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Psychopathology and attrition in the Baltimore ECA 15-year follow-up 1981-1996
Badawi, M. A., Eaton, W. W., Myllyluoma, J., Weimer, L., & Gallo, J. J. (1999) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s001270050117 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Graham, J. A., & Donaldson, S. I. (1993) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.119 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Torvik, F. A., Rognmo, K., & Tambs, K. (2011) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-011-0387-3 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Predictors and pathways from infancy to symptoms of anxiety and depression in early adolescence.
Karevold, E., Røysamb, E., Ystrøm, E., & Mathiesen, K. S. (2009) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016123 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Self-citationDetecting and Correcting Attrition Bias in Longitudinal Family Research
Miller, R. B., & Wright, D. W. (1995) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/353412 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Tambs, K., Rønning, T., Prescott, C. A., Kendler, K. S., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Torgersen, S., & Harris, J. R. (2009) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1375/twin.12.2.158 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Methods to Account for Attrition in Longitudinal Data: Do They Work? A Simulation Study
Kristman, V. L., Manno, M., & Côté, P. (2005) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-005-7919-7 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Clinical norms, reliability and validity for the hopkins symptom checklist-21
Deane, F. P., Leathern, J., & Spicer, J. (1992) · Australian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00049539208260158 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Characteristics of people lost to attrition in psychiatric follow-up studies
FISCHER, E. H., DORNELAS, E. A., & GOETHE, J. W. (2001) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-200101000-00009 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Mathiesen, K. S., Tambs, K., & Dalgard, O. S. (1999) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s001270050113 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Boer, F., & Westenberg, P. M. (1994) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6203_13 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Cotter, R. B., Burke, J. D., Stouthamer‐Loeber, M., & Loeber, R. (2004) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2004.10.002 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Mathiesen, K. S., Sanson, A. V., Stoolmiller, M., & Karevold, E. (2008) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-008-9268-y · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationThygesen, L. C., Johansen, C., Keiding, N., Giovannucci, E. L., & Grønbæk, M. (2008) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02241.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Temperament in Adults-Reliability, Stability, and Factor Structure of the EAS Temperament Survey
Nærde, A., Røysamb, E., & Tambs, K. (2004) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa8201_12 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationBjerkeset, O. A., Nordahl, H. M., Larsson, S. M., Dahl, A. A., & Linaker, O. M. (2007) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-007-0289-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Attrition bias in longitudinal research involving adolescent psychiatric outpatients
Allott, K., Chanen, A., & Yuen, H. P. (2006) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000243761.52104.91 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Gustavson, K., Røysamb, E., von Soest, T., Helland, M. J., & Mathiesen, K. S. (2012) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.671346 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationGranero, R., Ezpeleta, L., & Domenech, J. M. (2007) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-006-0155-y · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The importance of critically interpreting simulation studies.
Maldonado, G., & Greenland, S. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Soullier, N., Rochebrochard, É. D. L., & Bouyer, J. (2010) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/1471-2288-10-79 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Schaffer RH Social Development 1996 Blackwell Plublishers Inc., Oxford
- Hesbacher PT Rickels K Morris RJ Newman H Rosenfeld H Psychiatric illness in family practice J Clin Psychiatry 1980 41 6 10 7351399
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Retention strategies in longitudinal cohort studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Theme, T. S. L. S., Teague, S. J., Youssef, G. J., Macdonald, J. A., Sciberras, E., Shatte, A. B. R., Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M., Greenwood, C. J., McIntosh, J. E., Olsson, C. A., et al. (2018) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0586-7 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
Keith, M. G., Tay, L., & Harms, P. D. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01359 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Asikainen, H., & Gijbels, D. (2017) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-017-9406-6 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Basso, J. C., McHale, A., Ende, V., Oberlin, D. J., & Suzuki, W. A. (2019) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.08.023 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Ross, L. A., McSherry, W., Giske, T., van Leeuwen, R., Schep‐Akkerman, A., Koslander, T., Hall, J., Steenfeldt, V. Ø., & Jarvis, P. (2018) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2018.05.002 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Prenatal exposure to acetaminophen and risk of ADHD
Ystrom, E., Gustavson, K., Brandlistuen, R. E., Knudsen, G. P., Magnus, P., Susser, E., Davey Smith, G., Stoltenberg, C., Surén, P., Håberg, S. E., et al. (2017) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-3840 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Self-citationValtonen, T., Hoang, N., Sointu, E. T., Näykki, P., Virtanen, A., Pöysä‐Tarhonen, J., Häkkinen, P., Järvelä, S., Mäkitalo, K., & Kukkonen, J. (2020) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2020.106643 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
The accuracy of osteoporotic fracture risk prediction tools: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Marques, A., Ferreira, R. J. O., Santos, E. J. F., Loza, E., Carmona, L., & da Silva, J. A. P. (2015) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207907 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Aakvaag, H. F., Thoresen, S., Wentzel‐Larsen, T., Dyb, G. A., Røysamb, E., & Olff, M. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.004 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationSenekovič, V., Poberaj, B., Kovačič, L., Mikek, M., Adar, E., Markovitz, E., Maman, E., & Dekel, A. (2016) · Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00402-016-2603-9 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Enstad, F., Evans-Whipp, T. J., Kjeldsen, A., Toumbourou, J. W., & von Soest, T. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7099-0 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Nilsen, W., Karevold, E., Røysamb, E., Gustavson, K., & Mathiesen, K. S. (2012) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.08.005 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationGibson, L. Y., Allen, K. L., Davis, E. A., Blair, E. M., Zubrick, S. R., & Byrne, S. M. (2017) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-017-2931-y · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Guhn, M., Gadermann, A., Almas, A. N., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., & Hertzman, C. (2016) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2015.12.027 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Cnossen, M. C., Winkler, E. A., Yue, J. K., Okonkwo, D. O., Valadka, A. B., Steyerberg, E. W., Lingsma, H. F., Manley, G. T., & the TRACK-TBI Investigators (2017) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2016.4819 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Knudsen, A. K., Stene‐Larsen, K., Gustavson, K., Hotopf, M. H., Kessler, R. C., Krokstad, S., Skogen, J. C., Øverland, S. N., & Reneflot, A. (2020) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100071 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationMatcham, F., Leightley, D., Siddi, S., Lamers, F., White, K. M., Annas, P., de Girolamo, G., Difrancesco, S., Haro, J. M., Horsfall, M., et al. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-03753-1 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Cantrell, J., Anesetti‐Rothermel, A., Pearson, J., Xiao, H., Vallone, D., & Kirchner, T. (2014) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12718 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
DIET@NET: Best Practice Guidelines for dietary assessment in health research
Cade, J. E., Warthon-Medina, M., Albar, S. A., Alwan, N. A., Ness, A., Roe, M. A., Wark, P. A., Greathead, K., Burley, V. J., Finglas, P. M., et al. (2017) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-017-0962-x · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Gjerde, L. C., Eilertsen, E. M., Reichborn‐Kjennerud, T., McAdams, T. A., Zachrisson, H. D., Zambrana, I. M., Røysamb, E., Kendler, K. S., & Ystrøm, E. (2017) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12704 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationA 2-year longitudinal study of prospective predictors of pathological Internet use in adolescents
Strittmatter, E., Parzer, P., Brunner, R., Fischer, G., Durkee, T., Carli, V., Hoven, C. W., Wasserman, C., Sarchiapone, M., Wasserman, D., et al. (2016) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-015-0779-0 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
A Comparison of Imputation Strategies for Ordinal Missing Data on Likert Scale Variables
Wu, W., Jia, F., & Enders, C. K. (2015) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1080/00273171.2015.1022644 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Life Satisfaction in Close Relationships: Findings from a Longitudinal Study
Gustavson, K., Røysamb, E., Borren, I., Torvik, F. A., & Karevold, E. (2015) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-015-9643-7 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationMoylan, S., Gustavson, K., Øverland, S., Karevold, E. B., Jacka, F. N., Pasco, J. A., & Berk, M. (2015) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0257-4 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationEvidence of the Impact of the truth FinishIt Campaign
Vallone, D., Cantrell, J., Bennett, M., Smith, A. A., Rath, J. M., Xiao, H., Greenberg, M. S., & Hair, E. C. (2017) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntx119 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
van Dorssen, P., van Vuuren, T., de Jong, J. P., & Veld, M. (2021) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12352 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Benjet, C. L., Borges, G. L. G., Méndez, E., Albor, Y., Casanova, L., Orozco, R., Curiel, T., Fleiz, C., & Medina‐Mora, M. E. (2015) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-015-0721-5 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Winding, T. N., Andersen, J. H., Labriola, M., & Nohr, E. A. (2013) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2013-202707 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Cajanding, R. J. M. (2016) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2016.01.002 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Evolution of physical activity habits after a context change: The case of COVID‐19 lockdown
Maltagliati, S., Rebar, A. L., Fessler, L., Forestier, C., Sarrazin, P. G., Chalabaëv, A., Sander, D., Sivaramakrishnan, H., Orsholits, D., Boisgontier, M. P., et al. (2021) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12524 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Effects of prenatal maternal mental distress on birth outcomes
Liou, S.-R., Wang, P., & Cheng, C.-Y. (2016) · Women and Birth · doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2016.03.004 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Vagenas, D., DiSipio, T., Battistutta, D., Demark‐Wahnefried, W., Rye, S., Bashford, J., Pyke, C., Saunders, C. M., & Hayes, S. C. (2015) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1026-2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Teaching Children and Parents to Understand Dog Signaling
Meints, K., Brelsford, V. L., & Keuster, T. D. (2018) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2018.00257 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Li, Y. (2018) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2018.1496909 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Longitudinal study of perinatal maternal stress, depressive symptoms and anxiety
Liou, S., Wang, P., & Cheng, C. (2013) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2013.11.007 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Benke, C., Autenrieth, L. K., Asselmann, E., & Pané-Farré, C. A. (2023) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-022-01400-0 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Daily, S. M., Mann, M. J., Lilly, C. L., Dyer, A., Smith, M. L., & Kristjánsson, Á. L. (2020) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12863 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Breastfeeding initiation and duration and child health outcomes in the first baby study
Pattison, K. L., Kraschnewski, J. L., Lehman, E. B., Savage, J. S., Downs, D. S., Leonard, K. S., Adams, E. L., Paul, I. M., & Kjerulff, K. H. (2018) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.09.020 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Kress, V., Steudte‐Schmiedgen, S., Kopp, M., Förster, A., Altus, C., Schier, C., Wimberger, P., Kirschbaum, C., von Soest, T., Weidner, K., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01273 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Gürel, E., Madanoglu, M., & Altınay, L. (2021) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-08-2019-0190 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Kim, Y.-S. G., & Piper, B. (2019) · Reading and Writing · doi:10.1007/s11145-018-9889-7 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Shift Work and Respiratory Infections in Health-Care Workers
Loef, B., van Baarle, D., van der Beek, A. J., Sanders, E. A. M., Bruijning-Verhagen, P. C. J. L., & Proper, K. I. (2018) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwy258 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Zapata-Lamana, R., Lalanza, J. F., Losilla, J.-M., Parrado, E., & Capdevila, L. (2020) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.8848 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Lizandra, J., Devís‐Devís, J., Valencia‐Peris, A., Tomás, J. M., & Velert, C. P. (2018) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2018.1548649 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Maternal fever during pregnancy and offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Gustavson, K., Ask, H., Ystrøm, E., Stoltenberg, C., Lipkin, W. I., Surén, P., Håberg, S. E., Magnus, P. M., Knudsen, G. P., Eilertsen, E. M., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45920-7 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationStraume, L. V., & Vittersø, J. (2014) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-014-9502-y · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Using Electronic Health Records in Longitudinal Studies
Huguet, N., Kaufmann, J., O'Malley, J. P., Angier, H. E., Hoopes, M. J., DeVoe, J. E., & Marino, M. (2020) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000001298 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Inhibitory Control Across Athletic Expertise and Its Relationship With Sport Performance
Hagyard, J. D., Brimmell, J., Edwards, E. J., & Vaughan, R. S. (2020) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2020-0043 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Kant, A. C., Jansen, J. R. G., van Balveren, L., & van Hunsel, F. P. A. M. (2022) · Drug Safety · doi:10.1007/s40264-022-01151-w · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Moralization and the 2012 U.S. presidential election campaign
Brandt, M. J., Wisneski, D. C., & Skitka, L. J. (2015) · Journal of Social and Political Psychology · doi:10.5964/jspp.v3i2.434 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Polysubstance Use in Early Adulthood: Patterns and Developmental Precursors in an Urban Cohort
Steinhoff, A., Bechtiger, L., Ribeaud, D., Eisner, M., Quednow, B. B., & Shanahan, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2021.797473 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Rioux, C., Ryan, N. C., Parent, S., Vitaro, F., Tremblay, R. E., & Séguin, J. R. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000437 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Understanding Continuance Intention toward Crowdsourcing Games: A Longitudinal Investigation
Wang, X., Goh, D. H., & Lim, E. (2020) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1724010 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Ferré, F., Rosis, S. D., Murante, A. M., Gilmore, K. J., Ghilli, M., Mariniello, M. D., Nuti, S., & Roncella, M. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042235 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Pappa, I., Fedko, I. O., Mileva‐Seitz, V. R., Hottenga, J., Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., Bartels, M., van Beijsterveldt, C. E. M., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Middeldorp, C. M., Rippe, R. C. A., et al. (2015) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2015.06.004 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Informal assistance to urban families and the risk of household food insecurity
King, C. (2017) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.07.030 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Udayar, S., Urbanavičiūtė, I., Massoudi, K., & Rossier, J. (2019) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2225 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Ryerson, N. C., Wilson, O. W. A., Pena, A., Duffy, M., & Bopp, M. (2021) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/tbm/ibab006 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Pap, Z., Vîrgă, D., Lupșa, D., & Crașovan, M. (2021) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2021.102010 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Skipstein, A., Janson, H., Kjeldsen, A., Nilsen, W., & Mathiesen, K. S. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1120 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Hutmacher, D., Eckelt, M., Bund, A., & Steffgen, G. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17197258 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Tracing the origins of the STEM gender gap: The contribution of childhood spatial skills
Tian, J., Ren, K., Newcombe, N. S., Weinraub, M., Vandell, D. L., & Gunderson, E. A. (2022) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.13302 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Cortés‐García, L., Rodríguez‐Cano, R., & von Soest, T. (2022) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23793 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Faure, N., Habersaat, S., Harari, M. M., Müller‐Nix, C., Borghini, A., Ansermet, F., Tolsa, J., & Urben, S. (2016) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-016-0194-0 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Gustavson, K., Røysamb, E., & Borren, I. (2019) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-019-0757-1 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationMitchell, M. M., Fahmy, C., Clark, K. J., & Pyrooz, D. C. (2021) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/s10940-021-09516-7 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
So, K. K. F., Li, J., He, Y., & King, C. (2023) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/00472875231182109 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Kjeldsen, A., Nilsen, W., Gustavson, K., Skipstein, A., Melkevik, O., & Karevold, E. (2016) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12252 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationMinority stress among LGB people: Investigating relations among distal and proximal stressors
Douglass, R. P., & Conlin, S. E. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-00885-z · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Language Disparities Related to Maternal Education Emerge by Two Years in a Low-Income Sample
Justice, L. M., Jiang, H., Bates, R. A., & Koury, A. J. (2020) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-020-02973-9 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Porter, E., Lewis, A. J., Watson, S., & Galbally, M. (2019) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.101336 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Baardstu, S., Coplan, R. J., Karevold, E., Laceulle, O. M., & von Soest, T. (2019) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12482 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationTorres, S., Sales, C. M. D., Guerra, M. P., Simões, M. P., Pinto, M., & Vieira, F. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00343 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Daily, S. M., Mann, M. J., Lilly, C. L., Bias, T. K., Smith, M. L., & Kristjánsson, Á. L. (2020) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198120914250 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Gustavson, K., Røysamb, E., von Soest, T., Helland, M. J., & Mathiesen, K. S. (2012) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.671346 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationAttrition in a 30-year follow-up of a perinatal birth risk cohort: factors change with age
Launes, J., Hokkanen, L., Laasonen, M. R., Tuulio‐Henriksson, A., Virta, M., Lipsanen, J. O., Tienari, P. J., & Michelsson, K. (2014) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.480 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Weiland, T. J., Livera, A. M. D., Brown, C. R., Jelinek, G. A., Aitken, Z., Simpson, S., Neate, S. L., Taylor, K. L., O’Kearney, E., Bevens, W., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.01074 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Morken, I. S., Røysamb, E., Nilsen, W., & Karevold, E. (2018) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431618791280 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationHaider, S., De‐Pablos‐Heredero, C., & De-Pablos-Heredero, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00792 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Mikkelsen, H. T., Småstuen, M. C., Haraldstad, K., Helseth, S., Skarstein, S. O., & Rohde, G. E. (2022) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-022-02035-4 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Brandlistuen, R. E., Ystrøm, E., Hernández–Dı́az, S., Skurtveit, S. O., Selmer, R. M., Handal, M., & Nordeng, H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181042 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Kossek, E. E., Buzzanell, P. M., Wright, B. J., Batz-Barbarich, C. L., Moors, A. C., Sullivan, C. M., Kokini, K., Hirsch, A. S., Maxey, K., & Nikalje, A. (2022) · The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science · doi:10.1177/00218863221132321 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Aagestad, C., Tyssen, R., & Sterud, T. (2016) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2908-1 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Mikkonen, J., Moustgaard, H., Remes, H. M., & Martikainen, P. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.036 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Impact of Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs): A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies
Kallapiran, K., Suetani, S., Cobham, V. E., Eapen, V., & Scott, J. G. (2025) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-024-01807-x · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Barcelona Brain Health Initiative: Cohort description and first follow-up
Cattaneo, G., David Bartrés-faz, A., Morris, T. P., Sánchez, J. S., Macià, D., Tormos, J. M., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228754 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Smoktunowicz, E., Cieślak, R., & Demerouti, E. (2017) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615806.2017.1329932 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Externalising behaviour from infancy to mid-adolescence: Latent profiles and early predictors
Kjeldsen, A., Janson, H., Stoolmiller, M., Torgersen, L., & Mathiesen, K. S. (2013) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2013.11.003 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Alexandersen, N., Zachrisson, H. D., Wilhelmsen, T., Wang, M. V., & Brandlistuen, R. E. (2021) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.01.001 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Does Examining the Childhood Food Experiences Help to Better Understand Food Choices in Adulthood?
Małachowska, A., & Jeżewska-Zychowicz, M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13030983 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Nilsen, W., Skipstein, A., & Demerouti, E. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1110-4 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Szabó, Á., English, A. S., Zhijia, Z., Jose, P. E., Ward, C. A., & Jian-hong, M. (2017) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022117719158 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Dang, L., Yang, H. M., Spada, M. M., & Wu, A. M. S. (2024) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2023.00072 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Pathways from Maternal Distress and Child Problem Behavior to Adolescent Depressive Symptoms
Nilsen, W., Gustavson, K., Røysamb, E., Kjeldsen, A., & Karevold, E. (2013) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0b013e318293ab05 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationMignogna, G., Carey, C. E., Wedow, R., Baya, N. A., Cordioli, M., Pirastu, N., Bellocco, R., Malerbi, K. F., Nivard, M. G., Neale, B. M., et al. (2023) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-023-01632-7 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Adler‐Baeder, F. M., Garneau, C. L., Vaughn, B. E., McGill, J. M., Harcourt, K. T., Ketring, S. A., & Smith, T. A. (2016) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12267 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Kjeldsen, A., Nes, R. B., Sanson, A. V., Ystrøm, E., & Karevold, E. (2020) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419001755 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationAdamczyk, K., Barr, A. B., & Segrin, C. G. (2021) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12248 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Saitadze, I., & Lalayants, M. (2021) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.12809 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Smolle, M. A., Fischerauer, S. F., Zötsch, S., Kiegerl, A. V., Sadoghi, P., Gruber, G., Leithner, A., & Bernhardt, G. A. (2022) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.104b2.bjj-2021-0798.r2 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gustavson, K., von Soest, T., Karevold, E., & Røysamb, E.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Gustavson, Kristin
- Venue
- BMC Public Health
- Published
- 2012-10-29
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 918-918
- ISSN
- 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3503744
- OpenAlex
- W1995178720
- Cited by
- 679
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 68 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 18.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Norges Forskningsråd
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Keywords
- attrition, longitudinal study, generalizability, selection bias, dropout, educational attainment, child development, mothers, Monte Carlo simulation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Computer Simulation, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Monte Carlo Method, Mothers, Patient Dropouts, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Bias
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review