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Long-term effects of the Mediterranean lifestyle program: a randomized clinical trial for postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple-risk-factor interventions offer a promising means for addressing the complex interactions between lifestyle behaviors, psychosocial factors, and the social environment. This report examines the long-term effects of a multiple-risk-factor intervention. METHODS: Postmenopausal women (N = 279) with type 2 diabetes participated in the Mediterranean Lifestyle Program (MLP), a randomized, comprehensive lifestyle intervention study. The intervention targeted healthful eating, physical activity, stress management, smoking cessation, and social support. Outcomes included lifestyle behaviors (i.e., dietary intake, physical activity, stress management, smoking cessation), psychosocial variables (e.g., social support, problem solving, self-efficacy, depression, quality of life), and cost analyses at baseline, and 6, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS: MLP participants showed significant 12- and 24-month improvements in all targeted lifestyle behaviors with one exception (there were too few smokers to analyze tobacco use effects), and in psychosocial measures of use of supportive resources, problem solving, self-efficacy, and quality of life. CONCLUSION: The MLP was more effective than usual care over 24 months in producing improvements on behavioral and psychosocial outcomes. Directions for future research include replication with other populations.
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“For example, in a trial among 5145 diabetics, lifestyle advice lowered systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A 1c , and proteinuria; in-creased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; increased weight loss and physical fitness; and reduced use of diabetic, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering medications.103”
From Beyond Established and Novel Risk Factors: Lifestyle Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease (2008) · cites this paper as [103]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Toobert, D. J., Glasgow, R. E., Strycker, L. A., Barrera, M., Ritzwoller, D. P., & Weidner, G.
- Affiliations
- Oregon Research Institute (US)
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Preventive Medicine Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Toobert, Deborah J
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
- Published
- 2007-01-17
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-1
- ISSN
- 1479-5868 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1783667
- OpenAlex
- W1571506190
- Cited by
- 255
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 11.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01-HL62156, R01HL062156)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, postmenopausal women, lifestyle intervention, healthy eating, physical activity, stress management, smoking cessation, social support, self-efficacy, problem solving, depression, quality of life, cost analysis, long-term outcomes
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