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Osteoporosis, inflammation and ageing
Open accessAbstract
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone mass and increased bone fragility, putting patients at risk of fractures, which are major causes of morbidity substantially in older people. Osteoporosis is currently attributed to various endocrine, metabolic and mechanical factors. However, emerging clinical and molecular evidence suggests that inflammation also exerts significant influence on bone turnover, inducing osteoporosis. Numerous proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and a shift towards an activated immune profile has been hypothesized as important risk factor. Chronic inflammation and the immune system remodelling characteristic of ageing, as well as of other pathological conditions commonly associated with osteoporosis, may be determinant pathogenetic factors. The present article will review the current perspectives on the interaction between bone and immune system in the elderly, providing an interpretation of osteoporosis in the light of inflamm-ageing.
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“Exposure to chronically elevated inflammation processes has also been increasingly recognized as a significant health risk with links to increased risks for osteoporosis, 38,39 cardiovascular disease, [40][41][42][43][44][45] and cognitive decline.[46][47][48]”
From Socio‐economic differentials in peripheral biology: Cumulative allostatic load (2010) · cites this paper as [39]
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“disease [42, 43], diabetes mellitus [44], frailty [45, 46], osteoporosis [47], rheumatoid arthritis [48], and cognitive disorders such as Alzheimers and Parkinson's disease [49-51].”
BackgroundRelationships Between Ion Channels, Mitochondrial Functions and Inflammation in Human Aging
Strickland, M., Yacoubi‐Loueslati, B., Bouhaouala‐Zahar, B., Pender, S. L. F., & Larbi, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00158 · Cited by 64
Olives and Bone: A Green Osteoporosis Prevention Option
Chin, K., & Ima-Nirwana, S. (2016) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13080755 · Cited by 60
Cellular Stress and General Pathological Processes
Gusev, E. Y., & Zotova, N. V. (2019) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612825666190319114641 · Cited by 64
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Is osteoporosis an autoimmune mediated disorder?
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“…by clinical studies reporting a correlation between the production of IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα by peripheral blood monocytes and bone resorption as well as spinal bone loss amongst healthy pre-and post-menopausal women (Weitzman, 2013; Brincat et al., 2014; Teitelbaum, 2004; Ginaldi et al., 2005).”
BackgroundResultKim, J., Kim, M., Jung, H., & Sohn, Y. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.2019.4269 · Cited by 77
“Among these, the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects have been demonstrated to be associated with the treatment of bone metabolic disease (17).”
BackgroundImmunological alterations in frail older adults: A cross sectional study
Valdiglesias, V., Marcos-Pérez, D., Lorenzi, M., Onder, G., Gostner, J., Strasser, B., Fuchs, D., & Bonassi, S. (2018) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.09.010 · Cited by 50
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“Among the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 and TNF-α are the most potent osteoclastogenic stimulators under E2 deprivation [4, 5].”
BackgroundModulating macrophage polarization for the enhancement of fracture healing, a systematic review
Chow, S. K., Wong, C. H.-W., Cui, C., Li, M. C. M., Wong, R. M. Y., & Cheung, W. (2022) · Journal of Orthopaedic Translation · doi:10.1016/j.jot.2022.05.004 · Cited by 55
“Fracture healing is often compromised, for example, as ageing and sex hormone depletion during the development of osteoporosis both alter systemic inflammatory response [21,22], indicating a difference in the initiating stage of inflammation during osteoporotic fracture healing.”
BackgroundCao, G., Meng, X., Han, X., & Li, J. (2020) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20193436 · Cited by 54
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“Apart from reducing estrogen production, inflammation can also induce the etiology of OP (Ginaldi et al., 2005).”
Calcium Fructoborate Helps Control Inflammation Associated with Diminished Bone Health
Scorei, I. D., & Scorei, I. R. (2013) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-013-9800-y · Cited by 53
“In addition, serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-alfa are correlated with serum hs-CRP levels in healthy subjects and in those with myocardial infarction [45].”
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“As a result, inXammation activity becomes an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in RA (Gepstein et al. 2002, 2003; Ginaldi et al. 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialLow vitamin D status is associated with hearing loss in the elderly: a cross-sectional study
Szeto, B., Valentini, C., & Lalwani, A. K. (2020) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa310 · Cited by 52
Stability in BMI over time is associated with a better cognitive trajectory in older adults
Beeri, M. S., Tirosh, A., Lin, H., Golan, S., Boccara, E., Sano, M. C., & Zhu, C. W. (2022) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.12525 · Cited by 52
Osteoporosis, vertebral fractures and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women
Maghraoui, A. E., Rezqi, A., Mrahi, S. E., Sadni, S., Ghozlani, I., & Mounach, A. (2014) · BMC Endocrine Disorders · doi:10.1186/1472-6823-14-93 · Cited by 52
“Previous studies suggest that subjects with high insulin resistance show more inflammation than subjects with low insulin resistance state [37-39] and some studies suggest that this low state of chronic inflammation may impact bone health [40,41].”
BackgroundStem cell aging: Survival of the laziest?
Müller‐Sieburg, C. E., & Sieburg, H. B. (2008) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/cc.7.24.7214 · Cited by 54
Low mineral density of a weight‐bearing bone among adult women in a high fertility population
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“…Vasunilashorn et al. 2010), increasing biomarkers of inflammation (e.g. C-reactive protein, interleukin-6) that have been shown to stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption and inhibit osteoblast function in humans and other species (Ginaldi et al. 2005; Manolagas and Jilka 1995; Schett et al. 2006).”
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Oestrogen regulates bone resorption and cytokine production in the maxillae of female mice
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“The pathogenesis of post-menopausal osteoporosis involves increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines related to oestrogen withdrawal.(9,10) Accordingly, oestrogen deficiency-induced bone loss is associated with an increase of TNF-a expression and RANKL.”
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“Until recently, osteoporosis etiology was mainly attributed to various endocrine, metabolic, and mechanical factors (8).”
BackgroundTelomere length and telomerase activity in osteoporosis and osteoarthritis (Review)
Fragkiadaki, P., Nikitovic, D., Kalliantasi, K., Sarandi, E., Thanasoula, M., Stivaktakis, P. D., Nepka, C., Spandidos, D. A., Theodoros, T., & Tsatsakis, A. M. (2019) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2019.8370 · Cited by 50
“There are several pathways involved in the etiopathogenesis of OP, including metabolic, endocrine and mechanical factors, whereas chronic inflammation has also been shown to play an important role (15).”
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Lactoferrin preserves bone homeostasis by regulating the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway of osteoimmunology
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Mechanisms of immune aging in HIV
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Systemic Bone Loss After Fracture
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“Although there is evidence that immune aging and musculoskeletal status are linked,((1,2)) there might not be a significant association between short leukocyte TL and”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ginaldi, L., Di Benedetto, M. C., & De Martinis, M.
- Affiliations
- University of L'Aquila (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Ginaldi, Lia
- ORCID
- Ginaldi, Lia
- Venue
- Immunity & Ageing
- Published
- 2005-11-04
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-14
- ISSN
- 1742-4933 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1308846
- OpenAlex
- W2168242208
- Cited by
- 412
- References
- 164
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 2.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Immunity & Ageing (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi dell Aquila (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
- Keywords
- osteoporosis, chronic inflammation, aging, bone turnover, inflammatory cytokines, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, bone-immune interaction, fracture risk, older adults
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