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A systematic review of resilience and mental health outcomes of conflict-driven adult forced migrants
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BACKGROUND: The rising global burden of forced migration due to armed conflict is increasingly recognised as an important issue in global health. Forced migrants are at a greater risk of developing mental disorders. However, resilience, defined as the ability of a person to successfully adapt to or recover from stressful and traumatic experiences, has been highlighted as a key potential protective factor. This study aimed to review systematically the global literature on the impact of resilience on the mental health of adult conflict-driven forced migrants. METHODOLOGY: Both quantitative and qualitative studies that reported resilience and mental health outcomes among forcibly displaced persons (aged 18+) by way of exploring associations, links, pathways and causative mechanisms were included. Fourteen bibliographic databases and seven humanitarian study databases/websites were searched and a four stage screening process was followed. RESULTS: Twenty three studies were included in the final review. Ten qualitative studies identified highlighted family and community cohesion, family and community support, individual personal qualities, collective identity, supportive primary relationships and religion. Thirteen quantitative studies were identified, but only two attempted to link resilience with mental disorders, and three used a specific resilience measure. Over-reliance on cross-sectional designs was noted. Resilience was generally shown to be associated with better mental health in displaced populations, but the evidence on this and underlying mechanisms was limited. DISCUSSION: The review highlights the need for more epidemiological and qualitative evidence on resilience in forcibly displaced persons as a potential avenue for intervention development, particularly in resource-poor settings.
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“Although successful adaptation to adverse circumstances occurs for most people (e.g. through employing positive coping strategies to target stressors or their psychological consequences), others may develop mental health disorders and pre-existing mental illness may go untreated [4, 5].”
From Mental health and psychosocial support for South Sudanese refugees in northern Uganda: a needs and resource assessment (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
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“Similar to other research on migrants and resilience, family and community support, maintenance of language, religion and culture as well learning new languages and ways of doing, fueled resilience”
From Refugees, asylum-seekers and undocumented migrants and the experience of parenthood: a synthesis of the qualitative literature (2017) · cites this paper as [169]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Siriwardhana, C., Ali, S. S., Roberts, B., & Stewart, R.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Siriwardhana, Chesmal
- Venue
- Conflict and Health
- Published
- 2014-08-20
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-13
- ISSN
- 1752-1505 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4149800
- OpenAlex
- W2145950737
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 1.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Conflict and Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- King's College London
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- resilience, mental health, forced migration, armed conflict, displaced persons, protective factors, social support, collective identity, mental illness, humanitarian settings
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