The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 6 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International Children's Accelerometry Database (ICAD)
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in youth have been reported to vary by sex, age, weight status and country. However, supporting data are often self-reported and/or do not encompass a wide range of ages or geographical locations. This study aimed to describe objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time patterns in youth. METHODS: The International Children's Accelerometry Database (ICAD) consists of ActiGraph accelerometer data from 20 studies in ten countries, processed using common data reduction procedures. Analyses were conducted on 27,637 participants (2.8-18.4 years) who provided at least three days of valid accelerometer data. Linear regression was used to examine associations between age, sex, weight status, country and physical activity outcomes. RESULTS: Boys were less sedentary and more active than girls at all ages. After 5 years of age there was an average cross-sectional decrease of 4.2% in total physical activity with each additional year of age, due mainly to lower levels of light-intensity physical activity and greater time spent sedentary. Physical activity did not differ by weight status in the youngest children, but from age seven onwards, overweight/obese participants were less active than their normal weight counterparts. Physical activity varied between samples from different countries, with a 15-20% difference between the highest and lowest countries at age 9-10 and a 26-28% difference at age 12-13. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity differed between samples from different countries, but the associations between demographic characteristics and physical activity were consistently observed. Further research is needed to explore environmental and sociocultural explanations for these differences.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This pooled analysis of ActiGraph accelerometer data from 20 studies in ten countries described physical activity and sedentary time in 27,637 youth aged 2.8–18.4 years. It found consistent sex, age, and weight-status differences, plus substantial between-country variation, despite use of common data-reduction procedures.
Key findings
- Boys were less sedentary and more active than girls at all ages. After age 5, total physical activity decreased cross-sectionally by an average of 4.2% per additional year (3.7% in boys, 4.6% in girls), mainly through lower light-intensity activity and greater sedentary time.
- Physical activity did not differ by weight status in the youngest children, but from age seven onwards overweight/obese participants were less active than normal-weight peers; this showed a dose–response relationship in both sexes and was particularly large in boys.
- Between-country differences were substantial: at age 9–10 the difference between the least active population (Madeira) and most active (Oslo, Norway) was 15–20% (156 cpm in boys, 613 vs. 769; 99 cpm in girls, 561 vs. 660), and at age 12–13 it was 26–28%.
- Among 5–17 year olds in ICAD, only 9.0% of boys and 1.9% of girls achieved ≥60 min MVPA every valid day; ≥60 min MVPA was accumulated on 46% of valid days for boys and 22% for girls, with Norwegian boys aged 9–10 recording the highest values (60.5% of measured days).
Methods
- ICAD pooled ActiGraph accelerometer data from 20 studies in ten countries using a standard data-reduction procedure. Analyses included 27,637 participants (92% of 29,967 potential participants) aged 2.8–18.4 years with at least 3 valid days (mean 5.3, range 3–7), providing 188,416 valid days across 35,360 time points.
- Linear regression examined cross-sectional associations between age, sex, weight status, and physical activity outcomes, adjusted for study and season; robust standard errors accounted for repeated measures within participants. Country comparisons were restricted to ages 9–15 and ten studies from eight countries, using standardized within-country outcomes and random-effects meta-analysis.
- Physical activity outcomes included average accelerometer counts per minute (cpm) and percentage time sedentary (≤100 cpm), light (101–2295 cpm), and moderate-to-vigorous (≥2296 cpm). Guideline achievement was presented as ≥60 min MVPA on every valid day and as the percentage of valid days with ≥60 min MVPA.
Limitations
- The paper states that the sample was skewed toward ages 9–15 (82% of measurement time points) and the UK and USA (73% of measurement time points); some countries had too few participants for country-level analysis, countries were not globally representative, and low- and middle-income countries were underrepresented. Most samples were not nationally representative, though generally at least regionally representative.
- The paper states accelerometer limitations: waist-worn accelerometers poorly record upper-body activity and cycling, potentially underestimating activity in high-cycling countries such as Denmark; they misclassify motionless-standing as sedentary, potentially overestimating sedentary time; and the MVPA thresholds perform poorly for ages 4–6 and are not validated under age 4.
- The paper notes that direction of causation between weight status and physical activity was not investigated and may be bidirectional, and that individual, social, and environmental explanations for between-country differences were not explored. Evident from the text: girls were over-represented (59%, falling to 52% after excluding one large study of adolescent girls), which may affect descriptive proportions.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
19 Own result · 12 Own method · 5 Not checked yet · 4 Own interpretation
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At age 9–10, the difference between the least active population (Madeira) and the most active (Oslo, Norway) was 15–20 % (156 cpm in boys (613 vs. 769) and 99 cpm in girls (561 vs. 660)).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At age 12–13, even larger differences were seen (26–28 % between the highest and lowest countries).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“due mainly to lower levels of light-intensity physical activity and greater time spent sedentary”
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
“Simultaneous with the reduction in total physical activity and percentage time in MVPA between increasing age groups, light physical activity (Fig. 1c) declined and sedentary time increased (Fig. 1d).”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“the lower levels of overall physical activity with increasing age were reflected by a progressive increase in the volume of sedentary time and an almost equivalent ‘displacement’ of light-intensity physical activity.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Abstract > Results
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Overweight/obesity was not associated with total physical activity in the youngest age groups (age 2–6)”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“Physical activity did not differ by weight status in the youngest children”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Physical activity by sex, age and weight status
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“but from age seven onwards, overweight/obese participants were less active than their normal weight counterparts.”
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
“but was consistently associated with lower total physical activity in older age groups (Fig. 2a).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When calculated relative to the average activity level at age 12, the annual difference was 5.8 % (4.7 % in boys, 6.8 % in girls; data not shown).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After 5 years of age there was an average cross-sectional decrease of 4.2 % in total physical activity with each additional year of age”
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
“Overall, this is equivalent to an average annual reduction in total physical activity of 4.2 % relative to age five (3.7 % decrease in boys, 4.6 % decrease in girls).”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“The present study found a difference of 4.2 % per annum in overall physical activity when calculated with reference to the activity level at age five.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelationaln = 27,637- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“comparison of data from Norway and the US shows that Norwegian 9–10 year old girls were, on average, as active as American boys (658 vs. 655 cpm).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Among 5–17 year olds in the ICAD database as a whole only, 9.0 % of boys and 1.9 % of girls achieved this”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“≥60 min of MVPA were accumulated on a substantially higher percentage of days (46 % of valid days for boys and 22 % for girls)”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 21
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This association showed a dose–response relationship in both sexes, and was particularly large in boys (Fig. 2b).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Physical activity by sex, age and weight status
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“there was no country in which this difference was not significant or where the point estimate for the difference was less than 0.2 standard deviations.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Higher BMI was associated with lower physical activity in most countries, but this difference was not significant in all samples, including the two most active samples at age 9–10 (Fig 5c).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plaincorrelationaln = 2- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The three countries that were represented twice were ranked in the same order, with the USA least active, England intermediate and Australia most active.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Boys were less sedentary and more active than girls at all ages.”
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
“Boys were more active and less sedentary than girls at all ages.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“Physical activity was consistently lower in girls than boys”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelationaln = 27,637- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Physical activity by sex, age and weight status · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In all countries, boys were more active than girls. On average, activity levels among boys were 0.45 standard deviations higher than in girls at age 9–10 and 0.66 standard deviations higher at age 12–13 (Fig. 5a).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Cross-country comparisons of physical activity
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Physical activity varied between samples from different countries, with a 15–20 % difference between the highest and lowest countries at age 9–10 and a 26–28 % difference at age 12–13.”
- Also stated in: § Cross-country comparisons of physical activity · plain
“Average accelerometer counts per minute varied substantially between countries, both at age 9–10 (Fig. 3a) and age 12–13 (Fig. 3b).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Cross-country comparisons of physical activity · plain
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There are many possible individual, social and environmental explanations for these differences that were not explored in this study.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The ICAD provides a large volume of accelerometer data reduced using a common protocol, which allows comparison of study samples from a number of countries.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Conclusions
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the countries included are not globally representative, with the US, UK and Northern Europe over-represented, few data from other geographical regions, and a dearth of data from low and middle-income countries.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In addition, waist-worn accelerometers mis-classify time spent in motionless-standing as sedentary, which is not considered to be a sedentary behaviour (defined as “any waking behaviour characterised by an energy expenditure ≤1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs) while in a sitting or reclining posture” [35]), potentially leading to over estimates of the true volume of sedentary time.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [35] Network SBR. Letter to the Editor: Standardized use of the terms “sedentary” and “sedentary behaviours”. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012;37:540–2. source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the number of participants in some countries did not allow analysis by country, and overall the sample is skewed towards two main age groups.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“most samples are not nationally representative, although studies have generally sampled to be at least regionally representative.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The direction of causation in the association between weight status and physical activity was not investigated in this analysis”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“a review of European studies using Actigraph accelerometers reported that 3–5 % of children met guidelines using an accelerometer threshold of >3000 cpm increasing to up to 87 % meeting guidelines using a threshold of >2000 cpm [20].”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [20] Guinhouya BC, Samouda H, de Beaufort C. Level of physical activity among children and adolescents in Europe: a review of physical activity assessed objectively by accelerometry. Public Health. 2013;127(4):301–11. source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In analyses comparing activity levels between countries, we restricted our analyses to children 9–10 or 12–13, resulting in a sample of 10,741 participants from ten studies in eight countries.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Methods > Participants
plainn = 10,741- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A systematic review and pooled analysis [10] concluded that physical activity declined by approximately 7 % per year after the age of ten.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [10] Dumith SC, Gigante DP, Domingues MR, HW K l. Physical activity change during adolescence: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40:685–98. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All analyses were adjusted for the ICAD study from which the data was drawn and also for time of year (May-October vs. November-April, with the months inverted for the three studies from the Southern hemisphere).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Methods > Measurements
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Strengths of this study include a substantial sample of young people across a wide age range, a consistent measurement instrument and data reduction procedures, and physical activity data from a wide variety of countries.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The consistent differences by age and sex persist even though the countries differ in total physical activity levels, suggesting that these differences may to an extent be biological.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The ICAD begins to address this issue by providing accelerometer data from a substantial sample of youth reduced using a standard methodology.”
- Also stated in: § Conclusions · plain
“The ICAD provides a large volume of accelerometer data reduced using a common protocol, which allows comparison of study samples from a number of countries.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Conclusions · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Nevertheless, all countries were alike in showing the same differences in physical activity by sex, by age and (almost always) by weight status.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
plaincorrelationaln = 27,637- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When performing cross-sectional analyses, robust standard errors were used to adjust for the clustering of measurement waves within participants.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Methods > Measurements
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“When worn on the waist, as in the studies comprising the ICAD, they poorly record upper body physical activity and physical activity when cycling [34]. Thus, in countries with a high prevalence of cycling for transportation (e.g. Denmark), physical activity may be under-estimated.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [34] Corder K, Brage S, Ekelund U. Accelerometers and pedometers: methodology and clinical application. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2007;10:597–603. source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Whilst the thresholds used have been shown to provide valid estimates of physical activity intensity for youth aged 5 years and above [36], more recently they have been shown to perform poorly for MVPA in children aged 4–6 years [37] and have not been validated in children under 4 years.”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [36] Trost SG, Loprinzi PD, Moore R, Pfeiffer KA. Comparison of accelerometer cut points for predicting activity intensity in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43(7):1360–8. source
- Not checked yetcites [37] Janssen X, Cliff DP, Reilly JJ, Hinkley T, Jones RA, Batterham M, et al. Predictive validity and classification accuracy of Actigraph energy expenditure equations and cut-points in young children. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(11):e79124. 10.1371/journal.pone.0079124. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
No prior child and adolescent physical activity data pooling study had incorporated samples from such a diverse range of countries using consistent measures and methodology.
“No child and adolescent physical activity data pooling studies have incorporated samples from such a diverse range of countries using consistent measures and methodology.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Males are reportedly more active than females at all ages from youth to adolescence [18, 20, 58].”
From Barriers to voluntary participation in sport for children: a systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [58]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Evidence shows that girls are less physically active than boys regardless of age [18, 19, 58].”
From Barriers to voluntary participation in sport for children: a systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“evidence suggests a decline in MVPA after early childhood,8, 9, 10”
From A mixed-studies systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in children (2020) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“a recent review finding that 10 countries had an annual decrease of 4.2% in PA and an increase in ST after the age of 5 years.11”
From A mixed-studies systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in children (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“The International Children’s Accelerometry Database, though cross-sectional, suggests that objectively measured physical activity may be in decline in both sexes from around the age of school entry.13”
From Timing of the decline in physical activity in childhood and adolescence: gateshead millennium cohort study (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“A low proportion of children from China, India and the USA met the recommendation of being physically active at least 60 min per day, data in line with the 15 to 28% prevalence coming from the International Children’s Accelerometry database [36].”
From Proportion of children meeting recommendations for 24-hour movement guidelines and associations with adiposity in a 12-country study (2016) · cites this paper as [36]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results > Physical activity by sex, age and weight status
“Overweight/obesity was not associated with total physical activity in the youngest age groups (age 2–6) but was consistently associated with lower total physical activity in older age groups (Fig. 2a).”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Discussion
“differences in physical activity by weight status are seen from 6 years of age.”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results
“The prevalence of overweight/obesity (defined as an age and sex adjusted BMI equivalent to >30 kg/m2) was 26 % in the sample as a whole”
§ Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD) > Results
“| Weightstatus† ‡ | Overweight | 4939 (18 %) | 6238 (18 %) | | Weightstatus† ‡ | Obese | 2048 (7 %) | 2450 (7 %) |”
Citations
Cites
Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey
Cole, T. J. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240 · Cited by 16,500 · cited 1×
“Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)(2) and participants were categorised into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to age and sex-specific cut points [23].”
Method‘Small Changes' to Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors for Weight Management
Hills, A. P., Byrne, N. M., Lindstrom, R. C., & Hill, J. O. (2013) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000345030 · Cited by 9,526
Physical Activity in the United States Measured by Accelerometer
TROIANO, R. P., BERRIGAN, D., DODD, K. W., MÂSSE, L. C., TILERT, T., & MCDOWELL, M. (2008) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31815a51b3 · Cited by 7,638 · cited 1×
“Nonwear time was defined as 60 min of consecutive zeros allowing for 2 min of non-zero interruptions [7].”
Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects
Hallal, P. C., Andersen, L. B., Bull, F. C., Guthold, R., Haskell, W., & Ekelund, U. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60646-1 · Cited by 5,711 · cited 1×
“Widely accepted public health recommendations are that young people should accumulate at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) daily [4]; however, data suggest that the majority of youth do not meet these guidelines, with approximately 80 % of 13–15 year olds worldwide insufficiently…”
BackgroundSelf-citationJanssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-40 · Cited by 4,829 · cited 1×
“Background Physical activity in youth is associated with many health benefits [1, 2] and physical activity behaviours established in youth are likely to be carried through into adulthood [3].”
BackgroundEvidence Based Physical Activity for School-age Youth
Strong, W. B., Malina, R. M., Blimkie, C. J. R., Daniels, S. R., Dishman, R. K., Gutin, B., Hergenroeder, A. C., Must, A., Nixon, P. A., Pivarnik, J. M., et al. (2005) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.01.055 · Cited by 4,222 · cited 1×
“Background Physical activity in youth is associated with many health benefits [1, 2] and physical activity behaviours established in youth are likely to be carried through into adulthood [3].”
BackgroundCalibration of two objective measures of physical activity for children
Evenson, K. R., Catellier, D. J., Gill, K., Ondrak, K. S., & McMurray, R. G. (2008) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640410802334196 · Cited by 2,677 · cited 1×
“Standard cut-points were used to define the mean daily percentage of time spent at various intensities: sedentary (≤100 cpm), light (101–2295 cpm), and moderate to vigorous (≥2296 cpm) [22].”
MethodLetter to the Editor: Standardized use of the terms “sedentary” and “sedentary behaviours”
Networ, S. B. R. (2012) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h2012-024 · Cited by 1,873
Currie, C. E., Zanotti, C., Morgan, A. M., Currie, D. B., de Looze, M. E., Roberts, C., Samdal, O., Smith, O. R. F., & Barnekow, V. (2012) · Cited by 1,591
Physical activity from childhood to adulthood
Telama, R., Yang, X., Viikari, J., Välimäki, I., Wanne, O., & Raitakari, O. (2005) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.12.003 · Cited by 1,585 · cited 1×
“Background Physical activity in youth is associated with many health benefits [1, 2] and physical activity behaviours established in youth are likely to be carried through into adulthood [3].”
Background
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- WHO. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2010.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 785
Haugland, E. S., Nilsen, A. K. O., Vabø, K. B., Pesce, C., Bartholomew, J. B., Okely, A. D., Tjomsland, H. E., Aadland, K. N., & Aadland, E. (2024) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-024-01616-4 · Cited by 20
Results From Estonia’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth
Kruusamäe, H., Kull, M., Mooses, K., Riso, E., & Jürimäe, J. (2016) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2016-0239 · Cited by 11
Buchan, D. S., & McLellan, G. (2018) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2018.1527198 · Cited by 16
“International Children’s Accelerometry Database (ICAD) (Cooper et al., 2015).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAerobic fitness thresholds to define poor cardiometabolic health in children and youth
Aadland, E., Anderssen, S. A., Andersen, L. B., Resaland, G. K., Kolle, E., & Steene‐Johannessen, J. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.13330 · Cited by 15
Self-citationWiersma, R., Lu, C., Hartman, E., & Corpeleijn, E. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7926-3 · Cited by 16
Promotion of Healthy Lifestyles to Teenagers with Mobile Devices: A Case Study in Portugal
Villasana, M. V., Pires, I. M., Sá, J., García, N. M., Teixeira, M. C., Zdravevski, E., Chorbev, I., & Lameski, P. (2020) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare8030315 · Cited by 20
“Around 11 and 13 years old, there is a more marked increase in this type of behavior [21].”
BackgroundAndersen, E., Øvreås, S., Jørgensen, K. A., Borch-Jenssen, J., & Moser, T. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09725-y · Cited by 15
RetractedPhysical Activity Epidemiology
Weber, A., Schmid, D., & Leitzmann, M. F. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6625-3_67-1 · Cited by 16
Objectively Measured Sedentary Time in Children and Their Parents
Hughes, A. R., Muggeridge, D. J., Gibson, A., Johnstone, A., & Kirk, A. F. (2016) · AIMS Public Health · doi:10.3934/publichealth.2016.4.823 · Cited by 17
Raustorp, A., Spenner, N., Agnes, W., & Fröberg, A. (2019) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.15041 · Cited by 17
“…smart‐ phone and tablets was associated with lower self‐reported PA. 15 Adolescent girls might be a potential risk group for insufficient PA. Studies show that girls are generally less physically active than boys 16 and that girls' PA tends to decrease more rapidly during ad‐ olescence than boys.”
BackgroundMiguel, P. A. S., Vaquero‐Solís, M., Sánchez‐Oliva, D., González, J. J. P., López-Gajardo, M. Á., & Tapia‐Serrano, M. Á. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12155893 · Cited by 22
“Previous studies have found that lack of physical activity (PA) [2–4] and a sedentary behaviour [5,6] is associated with a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in youth [4,5].”
BackgroundSex Differences in Grip Strength From Birth to Age 16: A Meta‐Analysis
Nuzzo, J. L. (2025) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1002/ejsc.12268 · Cited by 23
MURPHY, M. H., O’Kane, S. M., Carlin, A., Lahart, I. M., Doherty, L. C., Jago, R., McDermott, G., Faulkner, M., & Gallagher, A. M. (2024) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-024-01563-0 · Cited by 15
“Furthermore, research estimates that there is a 4.2% average annual reduction in total physical activity from ages 5 to 18 years and that this decline is most pronounced among adolescent girls (4.6% in girls versus 3.7% in boys) [13].”
BackgroundInfluentialBurns, R. D., Brusseau, T. A., & Fu, Y. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15081764 · Cited by 18
“Despite these benefits, it has repeatedly been shown that children do not meet the recommended guideline of 60 min of physical activity per day [4,5].”
BackgroundRapid Realist Review of School-Based Physical Activity Interventions in 7- to 11-Year-Old Children
Defever, E., & Jones, M. A. (2021) · Children · doi:10.3390/children8010052 · Cited by 16
“2% moderate-to-vigorous physical activity after 5 years of age [7].”
BackgroundThe multivariate physical activity signature associated with body mass index in young children
Aadland, E., Holmøy, O. K., & Nilsen, A. K. O. (2021) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106437 · Cited by 15
Downing, K. L., Cruz, B. D. P., Sanders, T., Zheng, M., Hnatiuk, J. A., Salmon, J., & Hesketh, K. D. (2022) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-022-01386-x · Cited by 14
“Total time spent in physical activity tends to decline with age while time spent in sedentary behaviour increases [9].”
BackgroundSelf-citationSellberg, F., Willmer, M., Tynelius, P., & Berglind, D. (2017) · BMC Surgery · doi:10.1186/s12893-017-0318-7 · Cited by 15
“One plausible explanation for the gradual decrease in PA and increase in ST among children, after maternal RYGB, may be attributed to the observed age dependent decrease in objectively measured PA, starting at fiveyears of age with a gradual decrease throughout childhood and adolescence [24].”
BackgroundRajala, K., Kankaanpää, A., Laine, K., Itkonen, H., Goodman, E., & Tammelin, T. (2018) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2018.1485227 · Cited by 15
“For whole-day MVPA and ST, at least 500 minutes of wearing time per day (e.g. Cooper et al., 2015) was required to represent a valid measurement day, and two valid weekdays and one weekend day were required for a valid measurement period (e.g. Syväoja, Tammelin, Ahonen, Kankaanpää, & Kantomaa,…”
MethodZimmo, L., Almudahka, F., Ibrahim, I. A. E., Al‐Kuwari, M. G., & Farooq, A. (2019) · Journal of Teaching in Physical Education · doi:10.1123/jtpe.2018-0351 · Cited by 15
Krist, L., Roll, S., Stroebele‐Benschop, N., Rieckmann, N., Müller‐Nordhorn, J., Bürger, C., Willich, S. N., & Müller‐Riemenschneider, F. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17041401 · Cited by 14
“While some studies report a greater increase of SB among girls than boys, that was not the case in our study, probably because we assessed only screen time and not sedentary behaviour [19,56].”
A social network analysis approach to group and individual perceptions of child physical activity
Prochnow, T. M., Patterson, M. S., & Meyer, M. R. U. (2020) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyaa035 · Cited by 15
Are We Overestimating Physical Activity Prevalence in Children?
Price, L., Wyatt, K. M., Lloyd, J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2018-0030 · Cited by 13
“Cooper et al 8 adopted this approach using the International Children ’ s Accelerometry Database, which pools data from 20 studies.”
Sufficient sleep duration in autistic children and the role of physical activity
Smidt, S. D. E., Gooneratne, N. S., Brodkin, E. S., Bućan, M., & Mitchell, J. A. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211053671 · Cited by 16
Nobre, J. N. P., Morais, R. L. D. S., Prat, B. V., Fernandes, A. C., Viegas, Â. A., Figueiredo, P. H. S., Costa, H. S., Camargos, A. C. R., de Alcântara, M. A., Mendonça, V. A., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12750-8 · Cited by 14
“As PA levels often decrease throughout the school phase of children and adolescents [9], preschool phase is considered a crucial period to establish healthy PA habits throughout childhood [10].”
BackgroundYue, Z., & Chen, J. (2023) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.15542 · Cited by 21
“Furthermore, direct nature experiences are likely to be more vivid and multisensory, thus eliciting strong emotions and creating a lasting and positive memory (Cooper et al., 2015; Asah et al., 2018), which may, in turn, enhance children’s conservation willingness via the mediation of biophilia (Zhang, Goodale & Chen,…”
BackgroundDevelopmental trends in young children’s device-measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour
Christian, H. E., Adams, E., Moore, H. L., Nathan, A., Murray, K., Schipperijn, J., & Trost, S. G. (2024) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-024-01645-z · Cited by 16
“We found light intensity physical activity increased to age five while other studies report young children’s light intensity physical activity declines with increasing age [17, 21, 22].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSallis, J. F., Bull, F., Guthold, R., Heath, G. W., Inoue, S., Kelly, P., Oyeyemi, A. L., Perez, L. G., & Richards, J. A. (2016) · Cited by 14
An Exploration of Child–Staff Interactions That Promote Physical Activity in Pre-School
Kippe, K. O., Fossdal, T. S., & Lagestad, P. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.607012 · Cited by 14
“(13) found that the total amount of physical activity decreases by an average of 4.”
BackgroundThe validity of the Youth Physical Activity Questionnaire in 12–13-year-old Scottish adolescents
McCrorie, P., Perez, A., & Ellaway, A. (2017) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2016-000163 · Cited by 12
Availability, access, analysis and dissemination of small-area data
Hodgson, S., Fecht, D., Gulliver, J., Daby, H. I., Piel, F. B., Yip, F. Y., Strosnider, H. M., Hansell, A., & Elliott, P. (2019) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyz051 · Cited by 13
Physical activity, sedentary time, and longitudinal bone strength in adolescent girls
Bland, V. L., Bea, J. W., Roe, D. J., Lee, V. R., Blew, R. M., & Going, S. B. (2020) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-020-05406-z · Cited by 13
James, M., Fry, R. J., Mannello, M., Anderson, W., & Brophy, S. T. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237784 · Cited by 14
“This criteria is in line with previous studies [22, 23].”
ResultMcLoughlin, G. M., & Graber, K. C. (2020) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2020.1765952 · Cited by 16
Cao, Y., Zhu, L., Chen, Z., Li, Z., Xie, W., & Liang, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1041622 · Cited by 16
“Several extensive research studies have shown that SB time, especially screen time, increases every year in children and adolescents and that the attainment rate of physical activity is low, especially among obese children (Cooper et al., 2015; Larouche et al., 2017; Larouche et al., 2019; Zhu et al., 2019).”
BackgroundBrindley, C., Hamřík, Z., Kleszczewska, D. W., Dzielska, A., Mazur, J., Haug, E., Kopčáková, J., Marques, A., Altenburg, T. M., Demetriou, Y., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190045 · Cited by 13
“Gender differences in meeting WHO PA recommendations seem to be increasing by age and to be lowest among children in northern European countries (5, 7, 8).”
BackgroundDeterminants of Three-Year Change in Children’s Objectively Measured Sedentary Time
Atkin, A. J., Foley, L. S., Corder, K. L., Ekelund, U., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167826 · Cited by 13
Self-citationFactors associated with in-school physical activity among urban children with asthma
Reznik, M., Islamovic, F., Choi, J., et al. (2017) · Journal of Asthma · doi:10.1080/02770903.2017.1340482 · Cited by 13
“Our results support prior studies revealing that PA levels decline as children get older [16, 28].”
Sedentary time among primary school children in south-west Germany: amounts and correlates
Hoffmann, B., Kettner, S., Wirt, T., Wartha, O., Hermeling, L., Steinacker, J. M., & Kobel, S. (2017) · Archives of Public Health · doi:10.1186/s13690-017-0230-8 · Cited by 13
“Previous studies have shown, that boys engage in more PA during the entire day [32, 48], as well as during different segments of the day e.”
BackgroundResultCoombes, E. G., Jones, A., Cooper, A. R., & Page, A. S. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0607-7 · Cited by 12
“2% from age five [2], and with girls showing larger decreases than boys [3, 4].”
BackgroundSelf-citationExpert’s Choice: 2018’s Most Exciting Research in the Field of Pediatric Exercise Science
Eliakim, A., Falk, B., Armstrong, N., Baptista, F., Behm, D. G., Dror, N., Faigenbaum, A. D., Janz, K. F., Jürimäe, J., McGowan, A. L., et al. (2019) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2019-0010 · Cited by 15
“Furthermore, total PA may already be in decline in both sexes around the age of school entry (33).”
BackgroundSelf-citationTenorio, S. E., Clemente, J. A. J., Solana, A. A., Martín-Albó, J., & Casterad, J. Z. (2020) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2019-0320 · Cited by 13
Network Effects on Adolescents’ Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity
Prochnow, T. M., van Woudenberg, T. J., & Patterson, M. S. (2020) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2019-0655 · Cited by 18
Baran, J., Kalandyk-Osinko, K., & Baran, R. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19042284 · Cited by 14
“The result was considered as a valid one if the subject wore the accelerometer for at least 4 days a week (for a minimum of 500 min a day), of which there were at least 3 weekdays and 1 day out of the weekend days [42].”
BackgroundElmesmari, R., Reilly, J. J., & Paton, J. Y. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052912 · Cited by 13
“A number of studies of MVPA with paired designs [11,12,24,25] found that under 20 pairs were often sufficient to demonstrate significant differences between patients and controls, and so we aimed to recruit 20 pairs of participants in each of the chronic disease and control groups, providing four sets each of 20 paire…”
BackgroundSelf-citationJago, R., Solomon-Moore, E., Toumpakari, Z., Lawlor, D. A., Thompson, J. L., & Sebire, S. J. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5445-2 · Cited by 12
“However, evidence suggests that children become less physically active and spend more time being sedentary as they age [7, 8].”
BackgroundOwen, M. B., Kerner, C., Newson, L., Noonan, R. J., Curry, W. B., Kosteli, M., & Fairclough, S. J. (2019) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12812 · Cited by 24
I Play, You Play, We Play: Concurrent Activity at Play Streets
Prochnow, T. M., Meyer, M. R. U., & Porter, K. M. P. (2020) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2020.1792399 · Cited by 13
“…teens were more active when compared to female children and teens which is consistent with literature showing a disparity in PA achievement by sex (Cooper et al., 2015); however, no significant difference in activity between sexes was present in a study on Play Streets in rural locations…”
ResultSkrede, T., Aadland, E., Anderssen, S. A., Resaland, G. K., & Ekelund, U. (2021) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2021.1898114 · Cited by 11
“In addition, boys were generally more active at baseline than girls in the present sample (data not shown), which is well known from other studies (Cooper et al., 2015).”
ResultSelf-citationAre Family Physical Activity Habits Passed on to Their Children?
Zovko, V., Djuric, S., Sember, V., & Jurak, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.741735 · Cited by 25
Physical Activity, Inactivity, and Health During Youth
Rowlands, A. V. (2016) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2016-0007 · Cited by 14
Temporal Trends of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Simultaneity in Brazilian Students
Martins, R. C., Ricardo, L. I. C., Mendonça, G., de Rosa, D. L., Bastos, L. L. A. D. G., Coll, C. V. N., & Bielemann, R. M. (2018) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2016-0700 · Cited by 13
Souilla, L., Werner, O., Huguet, H., Gavotto, A., Vincenti, M., Pasquié, J., Villeon, G. D. L., Guillaumont, S., Pommier, V., Matecki, S., et al. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.61795 · Cited by 12
Gerber, M., Ayekoé, S. A., Beckmann, J., Bonfoh, B., Kouassi, K. B., Gba, B. C., Traoré, G. S., Coulibaly, J. T., Dao, D., du Randt, R., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.671782 · Cited by 12
Applying the COM-B model to understand wearable activity tracker use in children and adolescents
Creaser, A. V., Clemes, S. A., Bingham, D. D., & Costa, S. (2022) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-022-01763-7 · Cited by 12
“However, despite the high prevalence of physical inactivity in children and adolescents (Colley et al. 2011; Cooper et al. 2015), fewer children and adolescents used a wearable to increase their PA levels (15.1–22.6%).”
BackgroundInfluentialRyan, M., Ricardo, L. I. C., Nathan, N., Hofmann, R., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2024) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2024.02.003 · Cited by 16
Self-citationThe sleep and activity database for the early years (SADEY) study: design and methods
Cliff, D. P., Antczak, D., Draper, C. E., Olds, T., Santos, R., Silva, D. A. S., Tremblay, M. S., van Sluijs, E. M. F., Kemp, B. J., Aadland, E., et al. (2024) · Journal of Activity Sedentary and Sleep Behaviors · doi:10.1186/s44167-024-00054-8 · Cited by 14
Self-citationPlaces where children are active: A longitudinal examination of children's physical activity
Perry, C. K., Ackert, E., Sallis, J. F., Glanz, K., & Saelens, B. E. (2016) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.09.015 · Cited by 11
“These findings are consistent with other studies (Aarts et al., 2010; Cooper et al., 2015; Rodriquez et al., 2011) and suggest the importance of establishing a habit of being active from a young age, targeting promotional efforts to girls and older children as well as improving environmental characteristics.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialKattelmann, K. K., Meendering, J. R., Hofer, E. J., Merfeld, C., Olfert, M. D., Hagedorn, R. L., Colby, S. E., Franzen-Castle, L. D., Moyer, J., Mathews, D. R., et al. (2018) · Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2018.09.002 · Cited by 12
“There were no differences in reported BKPAS recreational time, MPA, or MVPA.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialCrooks, N., Alston, L., Nichols, M., Bolton, K., Allender, S., Fraser, P., Le, H., Bliss, J., Rennie, C., Orellana, L., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-021-01151-6 · Cited by 11
“The International Children’s Accelerometry Database (ICAD), that consists of ActiGraph accelerometer data from 20 studies in ten countries, has demonstrated that boys were more active than girls, and that physical activity levels were not associated with the students’ weight status [32].”
BackgroundSkovgaard, E. L., Roswall, M. A., Pedersen, N. H., Larsen, K. T., Grøntved, A., & Brønd, J. C. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-29666-x · Cited by 13
“Indeed, the present study included children and physically active adolescents which are known to spend less time sedentary and breaking up sedentary time more frequently 31,32 .”
BackgroundLarrínaga-Undabarrena, A., Río, X., Sáez, I., Aguirre-Betolaza, A. M., Albisua, N., Aguirre, G. M. D. L., Isla, J. R. S., Urbano, M., Guerra-Balic, M., Fernández, J. R., et al. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10030551 · Cited by 12
Taylor, S. L., Noonan, R. J., Knowles, Z. R., Owen, M. B., & Fairclough, S. J. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6272-1 · Cited by 15
Taylor, S. L., Noonan, R. J., Knowles, Z. R., McGrane, B., Curry, W. B., & Fairclough, S. J. (2018) · Children · doi:10.3390/children5120171 · Cited by 13
“On average, children aged 4–18 years engage in 30 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily, only half of the recommended 60 min MVPA per day [4,5].”
BackgroundJones, P. R., Rajalahti, T., Resaland, G. K., Aadland, E., Steene‐Johannessen, J., Anderssen, S. A., Bathen, T. F., Andreassen, T., Kvalheim, O. M., & Ekelund, U. (2019) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.05.023 · Cited by 12
Self-citationThe value of behavioral determinants in the formation of overweight and obesity in adolescents
Namazova-Baranova, L. S., Kovtun, O. P., Anufrieva, E. V., & Naboychenko, E. S. (2019) · Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.17116/profmed20192204243 · Cited by 12
Stavnsbo, M., Aadland, E., Anderssen, S. A., Chinapaw, M. J. M., Steene‐Johannessen, J., Andersen, L. B., & Resaland, G. K. (2019) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105868 · Cited by 14
Self-citationNakabazzi, B., Wachira, L.-J. M., Oyeyemi, A. L., Ssenyonga, R., & Onywera, V. O. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0235211 · Cited by 13
“Various studies that used both objective and recall-based measures of physical activity consistently reported sex differences in physical activity favouring boys [11,17,29,34,35,36,37].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMetabolically healthy overweight adolescents: definition and components
Videira‐Silva, A., Freira, S., & Fonseca, H. (2020) · Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.6065/apem.2040052.026 · Cited by 13
Valencia‐Peris, A., Lizandra, J., Moya-Mata, I., Gonzalvo, F. G., Castillo, S., & Escribano, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18105375 · Cited by 11
“These differences have also been observed in healthy adolescents [43], although there is recent evidence indicating that not all young people share the same trajectories [44].”
BackgroundFairclough, S. J., Weaver, R. G., Johnson, S., & Rawlinson, J. (2017) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.186 · Cited by 12
Owen, M. B., Kerner, C., Taylor, S. L., Noonan, R. J., Newson, L., Kosteli, M., Curry, W. B., & Fairclough, S. J. (2018) · Children · doi:10.3390/children5090128 · Cited by 9
“Objectively measured accelerometry data from multiple continents suggests that among 5–17-year-old, only 9% of boys and 1.9% of girls achieved the recommended 60 min of MVPA [3].”
InfluentialA consensus method for estimating physical activity levels in adults using accelerometry
Clevenger, K. A., Mackintosh, K. A., McNarry, M. A., Pfeiffer, K. A., Nelson, M. B., Bock, J. M., Imboden, M. T., Kaminsky, L. A., & Montoye, A. H. K. (2022) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2022.2159117 · Cited by 11
“While efforts to harmonise PA surveillance data have been made (Cooper et al., 2015; Stamatakis et al., 2020), they often rely on a priori data collection decisions, such as the use of a specific wear location, monitor, or sampling frequency, or require individual conversion equations to facilitate…”
BackgroundHe, J., Yu, H., Jiang, M., & Białas, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1280871 · Cited by 11
“Besides fostering physical health, it also fosters mental, social, and emotional well-being through a variety of activities and learning experiences (Cooper et al., 2015; Hardie Murphy et al., 2017; Lakerveld et al., 2020).”
BackgroundMethodGericke, C., Pienaar, A. E., Gerber, B., & Monyeki, M. A. (2024) · African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine · doi:10.4102/phcfm.v16i1.4258 · Cited by 11
“49 A longitudinal study that measured PA across childhood and adolescence in children born in Iowa in the early 1990s also reported that PA declined in both sexes, from age 5 years in most of the study participants.”
BackgroundAdank, A. M., van Kann, D., Remmers, T., Kremers, S., & Vos, S. B. (2021) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2020-0859 · Cited by 10
Järvamägi, M., Riso, E., Reisberg, K., & Jürimäe, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.881364 · Cited by 16
“Physical activity and sedentary behavior in youth vary by country, age, and sex, but it has been found that the older the children get, the greater time is spent sedentary (Cooper et al., 2015).”
BackgroundHannus, A., Lees, M., Mägi, K., Riimets, A., Kalma, M., Riso, E., & Kull, M. (2017) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2017.1417611 · Cited by 8
“However, like in many countries (Cooper et al., 2015), a large proportion of Estonian youth do not reach the recommended level of physical activity (PA; Konstabel et al., 2014; Riso, Kull, Mooses, Hannus, & Jürimäe, 2016).”
BackgroundAlharbi, M. F. (2019) · Annals of Saudi Medicine · doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2019.13 · Cited by 11
Sundgot‐Borgen, J., Friborg, O., Kolle, E., Torstveit, M. K., Sundgot‐Borgen, J., Engen, K. M. E., Rosenvinge, J. H., Pettersen, G., & Bratland‐Sanda, S. (2019) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/0300060519889453 · Cited by 13
“activity normally decreases during adolescence in both sexes.(34) Thus, maintaining”
BackgroundKorcz, A., Krzysztoszek, J., Łopatka, M., Ludwiczak, M., Górska, P., & Bronikowski, M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17113970 · Cited by 10
Wright, K. E., Furzer, B. J., Licari, M. K., Dimmock, J. A., Jackson, B., & Thornton, A. (2020) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2020.06.007 · Cited by 11
Individual heart rate assessment and bout analysis of vigorous physical activity in children
Camp, C. M. V., Batchelder, S. R., & Helvey, C. I. (2022) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1002/jaba.922 · Cited by 11
Mrozkowiak, M., Walicka-Cupryś, K., & Magoń, G. (2018) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.907134 · Cited by 11
“Progress of civilization and advancements in engineering and automotive sectors contribute to changes in lifestyle, from active to sedentary [43], which is of great significance for the spine [44].”
BackgroundStavnsbo, M., Skrede, T., Aadland, E., Aadland, K. N., Chinapaw, M. J. M., Anderssen, S. A., Andersen, L. B., & Resaland, G. K. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220239 · Cited by 11
Self-citationWerneck, A. O., Liang, C., Smith, L., Aldisi, D. A., Al‐Daghri, N. M., Baca, A., Zou, L., Yu, Q., Kuang, J., Zhang, Z., et al. (2025) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/camh.70048 · Cited by 10
James, M., Christian, D. L., Scott, S. N., Todd, C., Stratton, G., Demmler, J. C., McCoubrey, S., Halcox, J., Audrey, S., Ellins, E. A., et al. (2019) · Open Heart · doi:10.1136/openhrt-2019-001147 · Cited by 10
CONCERNS ABOUT STRENGTH TESTS IN GYMNASTICS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Gasparetto, Z., Julião, A. L., Thuany, M., Martinez, P. F., Bacciotti, S., & de Oliveira-Junior, S. A. (2022) · Science of Gymnastics Journal · doi:10.52165/sgj.14.2.225-236 · Cited by 10
“Indeed, muscle strength and power are essential to support increasing physical performance, as well as motor skills improvement (Cooper et al., 2015).”
BackgroundMorgado, M. C., Sousa, M., Coelho, A. B., Vale, S. M. C. G., Costa, J. A., & Seabra, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1251053 · Cited by 12
Hammer, T. M., Johansson, J., Emaus, N., Furberg, A., Gracia‐Marco, L., Morseth, B., Nilsen, O. A., Ubago‐Guisado, E., Vlachopoulos, D., Weitz, M., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-025-01799-4 · Cited by 12
“Generally, adolescent boys are more physically active than girls [11, 12, 17, 19–21, The transition from adolescence to adulthood is increasingly recognized as a critical period for health promotion [15, 29].”
James, M., Christian, D. L., Scott, S. N., Todd, C., Stratton, G., McCoubrey, S., Halcox, J., Audrey, S., Ellins, E. A., & Brophy, S. T. (2017) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4554-7 · Cited by 10
“established during this time are likely to be taken into adulthood [2].”
BackgroundGuijarro-Romero, S., Mayorga-Vega, D., Viciana, J., Casado-Robles, C., Gråstén, A., & Jaakkola, T. T. (2019) · RICYDE Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte · doi:10.5232/ricyde2020.05907 · Cited by 10
“However, the girls accumulated higher sedentary time than the boys, being similar to previous studies which have objectively examined differences in sedentary time between the boys and the girls (Cooper et al., 2015; Martinez-Gomez et al., 2011).”
ResultKassim, P. S. J., Muhammad, N. A., Rahman, N. F. A., Sidik, S. M., Essau, C. A., & Shah, S. A. (2022) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-022-02060-w · Cited by 7
“Overweight and obese adolescents, in particular, has been shown to engage in less physical activity than adolescents who are of healthier weight [8].”
BackgroundFeasibility and Utility of a Fitbit Tracker Among Ambulatory Children and Youth With Disabilities
Bremer, E., Arbour‐Nicitopoulos, K. P., Tsui, B., Ginis, K. A. M., Moore, S. A., Best, K. L., & Voss, C. (2023) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2022-0121 · Cited by 11
“These gender (10,11,21), age (11,13,36), and disability group (8,19,34) effects are all consistent with known trends in physical activity, thus pointing to the utility of the Fitbit to differentiate these group effects.”
BackgroundA Classroom-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Literacy in Children: ALPHYL Study Protocol
Estevan, I., García‐Massó, X., Menescardi, C., Ortega-Benavent, N., Montalt-García, S., Romero-Martínez, J., Castillo, I., Álvarez, O., Queralt, A., & Molina‐García, J. (2023) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs13070609 · Cited by 15
“Despite its benefits, the percentage of children who comply with the recommendation to perform at least 60 min of moderate-vigorous PA daily is alarmingly low [3,4].”
BackgroundPhysical Activity during the School Holidays: Parent Perceptions and Practical Considerations
Emm-Collison, L., Lewis, S. J., Reid, T., Matthews, J. A., Sebire, S. J., Thompson, J. L., & Jago, R. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16101697 · Cited by 9
Wright, K. E., Furzer, B. J., Licari, M. K., et al. (2019) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2019.10.005 · Cited by 10
Physical Activity and Pain in Youth With Sickle Cell Disease
Karlson, C., Delozier, A. M., Seals, S. R., Britt, A. B., Stone, A. L., Reneker, J. C., Jackson, E. A., McNaull, M. M., Credeur, D. P., & Welsch, M. A. (2019) · Family & Community Health · doi:10.1097/fch.0000000000000241 · Cited by 11
Johannessen, K., Bjørnestad, E., Nilsen, A. K. O., et al. (2020) · Journal for Research in Arts and Sports Education · doi:10.23865/jased.v4.2485 · Cited by 10
“Since PA levels have been shown to track from childhood into adulthood (Bingham et al., 2016), and because PA levels are known to decrease by age in school-aged children and adolescents (Cooper et al., 2015), it is important to establish healthy PA behaviors early in life (Malina, 2001).”
BackgroundGammon, C., Atkin, A. J., Corder, K. L., Ekelund, U., Hansen, B. H., Sherar, L. B., Andersen, L. B., Anderssen, S. A., Davey, R., Hallal, P. C., et al. (2022) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002884 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Cooper, A. R., Goodman, A., Page, A. S., Sherar, L. B., Esliger, D. W., van Sluijs, E. M., Andersen, L. B., Anderssen, S., Cardon, G., Davey, R., Froberg, K., Hallal, P., Janz, K. F., Kordas, K., Kreimler, S., Pate, R. R., Puder, J. J., Reilly, J. J., Salmon, J., Sardinha, L. B., Timperio, A., & Ekelund, U.
- Affiliations
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (GB)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Loughborough University (GB)
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NO)
- Ghent University (BE)
- University of Canberra (AU)
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
- University of Strathclyde (GB)
- Deakin University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Cooper, Ashley R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
- Published
- 2015-09-17
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 113-113
- ISSN
- 1479-5868 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4574095
- OpenAlex
- W2143709617
- Semantic Scholar
- ae7064ed7f3723aad9b0f8279bcd885e364dee03
- Cited by
- 828
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 86 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 119 · 2019: 108 · 2018: 71 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 37.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde) (acceptedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- University of Canberra Research Portal (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (G0701877)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
- Keywords
- physical activity, sedentary behavior, youth, children, adolescents, accelerometer-measured activity, sex differences, age differences, overweight and obesity, cross-national variation, light physical activity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Body Weight, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Obesity, Time Factors, Databases, Factual, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Internationality, Overweight, Sedentary Behavior, Self Report, Accelerometry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-08, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-08 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
