A 12-month follow-up of a transdiagnostic indicated prevention of internalizing symptoms in school-aged children: the results from the EMOTION study
Open accessAbstract
Background: Anxious and depressive symptoms in youth are highly prevalent, are often comorbid and have a high rate of relapse. Preventive interventions are promising, but follow-up results are lacking. The transdiagnostic EMOTION program is an indicated preventive cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention targeting children aged 8–12 years. Methods: The present study investigates the 12 months follow-up effects of the EMOTION intervention in a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 795 children that included both child self-reports and parental reports. Results: Mixed model analyses showed a larger decrease of symptoms in the intervention group than in the control group for child self-reported anxious symptoms (The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) difference 4.56, CI 1.83 to 7.29, p = .001). Parental reports for both anxious (MASC difference 2.50, CI .26 to 4.74, p = .029) and depressive (The Mood and Feelings Questionnaire-short form (SMFQ) difference 1.55, CI .83 to 2.26, p ≤ .001) symptoms in children also showed a reduction. No statistically significant difference was found for child self-reported depressive symptoms (SMFQ difference .69, CI − .22 to 1.60, p = .139). Conclusion: The transdiagnostic EMOTION program has shown the potential for long-term reductions in symptoms of both anxiety and depression in school-aged children. However, results regarding depressive symptoms must be considered preliminary as only parental report indicated effect. Trial registration The regional ethics committee (REC) of Norway approved the study. Registration number: 2013/1909; Project title: Coping Kids: a randomized controlled study of a new indicated preventive intervention for children with symptoms of anxiety and depression. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier; NCT02340637.
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The booster session contributed to maintaining long-term effects.
“Indeed, the booster session contributed to maintaining longterm effects, highlighting the relevant role of the booster session for the transdiagnostic treatment in the maintenance of effects over time, which is consistent with reports from other studies (Loevaas et al., 2020;Rasing et al., 2017;Stockings et al., 2016).”
From Effectiveness of a transdiagnostic indicated preventive intervention for adolescents at high risk for anxiety and depressive disorders (2024) · cites this paper as Loevaas et al., 2020
The Discussion reports lasting effects of the EMOTION intervention but proposes adding booster sessions as a possible future improvement. It says findings on booster sessions are mixed and their potential benefit remains to be investigated, contrary to the claim that a booster session contributed to maintaining the effects. (LLM, conf=0.89)
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Garcia-Lopez, L.-J., Jimenez-Vazquez, D., Muela-Martinez, J.-A., Piqueras, J. A., Espinosa-Fernandez, L., Canals-Sans, J., Vivas-Fernandez, M., Morales-Hidalgo, P., Diaz-Castela, M.-M., Rivera, M., et al. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-05421-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“…contributed to maintaining long-term effects, highlighting the relevant role of the booster session for the transdiagnostic treatment in the maintenance of effects over time, which is consistent with reports from other studies (Loevaas et al., 2020; Rasing et al., 2017; Stockings et al., 2016).”
Vivas-Fernandez, M., Garcia-Lopez, L.-J., Piqueras, J. A., Muela-Martinez, J.-A., Canals-Sans, J., Espinosa-Fernandez, L., Jimenez-Vazquez, D., Diaz-Castela, M. D. M., Morales-Hidalgo, P., Rivera, M., et al. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-023-00616-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Loevaas, M. E. S., Lydersen, S., Sund, A. M., Neumer, S.-P., Martinsen, K. D., Holen, S., Patras, J., Adolfsen, F., Rasmussen, L.-M. P., & Reinfjell, T.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway (NO)
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
- Venue
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health
- Published
- 2020-04-22
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-15
- ISSN
- 1753-2000 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7178617
- OpenAlex
- W3017697155
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 1.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Norges Forskningsråd (228846/H10)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- transdiagnostic prevention, indicated prevention, cognitive behavioral therapy, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, school-aged children, long-term follow-up, parent report, child self-report, comorbidities, relapse
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