In vivo real-time dynamics of ATP and ROS production in axonal mitochondria show decoupling in mouse models of peripheral neuropathies
Open accessAbstract
Mitochondria are critical for the function and maintenance of myelinated axons notably through Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. A direct by-product of this ATP production is reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are highly deleterious for neurons. While ATP shortage and ROS levels increase are involved in several neurodegenerative diseases, it is still unclear whether the real-time dynamics of both ATP and ROS production in axonal mitochondria are altered by axonal or demyelinating neuropathies. To answer this question, we imaged and quantified mitochondrial ATP and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) in resting or stimulated peripheral nerve myelinated axons in vivo , using genetically-encoded fluorescent probes, two-photon time-lapse and CARS imaging. We found that ATP and H 2 O 2 productions are intrinsically higher in nodes of Ranvier even in resting conditions. Axonal firing increased both ATP and H 2 O 2 productions but with different dynamics: ROS production peaked shortly and transiently after the stimulation while ATP production increased gradually for a longer period of time. In neuropathic MFN2 R94Q mice, mimicking Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2A disease, defective mitochondria failed to upregulate ATP production following axonal activity. However, elevated H 2 O 2 production was largely sustained. Finally, inducing demyelination with lysophosphatidylcholine resulted in a reduced level of ATP while H 2 O 2 level soared. Taken together, our results suggest that ATP and ROS productions are decoupled under neuropathic conditions, which may compromise axonal function and integrity.
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Reactive oxygen species impair mitochondrial ATP synthesis, and their suppression is essential for sustaining neuronal activity.
“Such protection is crucial, as ROS impair mitochondrial ATP synthesis and their suppression is essential for sustaining neuronal activity67,68.”
From Energy paradox in REM sleep: balancing supply and consumption in brain metabolism (2026) · cites this paper as [67]
The Introduction says ROS can damage mitochondria if not reduced by antioxidants, and the Discussion links sustained ROS alongside inadequate ATP production to neuronal dysfunction during axonal firing. The paper does not establish that ROS cause the impaired ATP synthesis or that suppressing ROS is essential for sustaining neuronal activity. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Drug-induced mitochondrial impairment: Mechanisms and testing systems
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- Authors
- van Hameren, G., Campbell, G., Deck, M., Berthelot, J., Gautier, B., Quintana, P., Chrast, R., & Tricaud, N.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Tricaud, Nicolas
- Venue
- Acta Neuropathologica Communications
- Published
- 2019-06-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 86-86
- ISSN
- 2051-5960 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6558672
- OpenAlex
- W2950574222
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2019-08-14)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Acta Neuropathologica Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (311610)
- AFM-Téléthon (20044)
- Neuromuscular Research Association Basel
- Vetenskapsrådet (2015-02394)
- LabEx EpiGenMed (2015-02394)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- axonal mitochondria, ATP production, reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, mitochondrial uncoupling, peripheral neuropathy, demyelination, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, nodes of Ranvier, lysophosphatidylcholine, genetically encoded fluorescent probes, CARS imaging
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Axons, Disease Models, Animal, Mitochondria, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases, Reactive Oxygen Species, Mice
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