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Cited by 663Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchMitochondrial Function and PathologyNeurological Disorders and Treatments

CNS energy metabolism as related to function

Ames, Adelbert·2000·Brain Research Reviews
DOI 10.1016/s0165-0173(00)00038-2
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Abstract

Large amounts of energy are required to maintain the signaling activities of CNS cells. Because of the fine-grained heterogeneity of brain and the rapid changes in energy demand, it has been difficult to monitor rates of energy generation and consumption at the cellular level and even more difficult at the subcellular level. Mechanisms to facilitate energy transfer within cells include the juxtaposition of sites of generation with sites of consumption and the transfer of approximately P by the creatine kinase/creatine phosphate and the adenylate kinase systems. There is evidence that glycolysis is separated from oxidative metabolism at some sites with lactate becoming an important substrate. Carbonic anhydrase may play a role in buffering activity-induced increases in lactic acid. Relatively little energy is used for 'vegetative' processes. The great majority is used for signaling processes, particularly Na(+) transport. The brain has very small energy reserves, and the margin of safety between the energy that can be generated and the energy required for maximum activity is also small. It seems probable that the supply of energy may impose a limit on the activity of a neuron under normal conditions. A number of mechanisms have evolved to reduce activity when energy levels are diminished.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0165-0173(00)00038-2

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  • Carbonic anhydrases are expressed in glial cells and are involved in modulating CO2 and other metabolic end products to levels that may enable buffering/secretion of lactate.

    “Carbonic anhydrases are expressed in glial cells and are involved in modulating CO2 and other metabolic end products to levels that may enable buffering/secretion of lactate (37, 39).”

    From Evolution of increased glia–neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex (2006) · cites this paper as [37]

  • Lactate generated in glia, particularly astrocytes, can serve as a substrate for the oxidative metabolism of adjacent neurons.

    “Lactate generated in glia, particularly astrocytes, can serve as a substrate for the oxidative metabolism of adjacent neurons (37).”

    From Evolution of increased glia–neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex (2006) · cites this paper as [37]

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Authors
Ames, A.
Affiliations
Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Ames, Adelbert
Venue
Brain Research Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2000-11
Volume
34
Issue
1-2
Pages
42-68
ISSN
0165-0173 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0165-0173(00)00038-2
OpenAlex
W2094344877
Cited by
663
References
262
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 33
FWCI
1.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Brain Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disorders and Treatments
Keywords
brain energy metabolism, neuronal signaling, creatine kinase, phosphocreatine, adenylate kinase, glycolysis, oxidative metabolism, lactate, carbonic anhydrase, sodium transport
MeSH terms
Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Brain, Carbonic Anhydrases, Energy Metabolism, Guanosine Triphosphate, Humans, Neurons, Oxygen, Lactic Acid

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