Cited by 229Nursing care and researchStroke Rehabilitation and RecoveryFamily Caregiving in Mental Illness

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Instruments for assessing the burden of informal caregiving for stroke patients in clinical practice: a comparison of CSI, CRA, SCQ and self-rated burden

van Exel, N Job A, op Reimer, Wilma JM Scholte, Brouwer, Werner BF, van den Berg, Bernard, Koopmanschap, Marc A, van den Bos, Geertrudis AM·2004·Clinical Rehabilitation

DOI 10.1191/0269215504cr723oa

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Abstract

Objective: To compare the feasibility, convergent and clinical validity of three commonly used burden scales: Caregiver Strain Index (CSI), Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) and Sense of Competence Questionnaire (SCQ), with a self-developed single question on self-rated burden (SRB). Subjects: Stroke patients receiving support from an informal caregiver ( n=148) and their caregivers were followed up to six months after stroke. Intervention: Feasibility was assessed with several measures of missing values. Convergent validity was assessed on the basis of the correlation patterns between the burden scales, and clinical validity through evaluation of expected associations between levels of burden and explanatory patients' and caregivers' characteristics. Results: Missing values were less often observed on CSI and SRB than SCQ and CRA. Significant correlation coefficients ( p<0.05) could be demonstrated between all burden scales, except for one subscale of CRA. Evidence for clinical validity was strongest for CSI and SRB, based on associations between higher burden scores and patients' disability, and patients' and caregivers' poor level of health-related quality of life (all p<0.05). Conclusions: A concise and simple measure would facilitate early detection of caregivers at risk in clinical practice and research. CSI and SRB are more feasible and at least as valid instruments for assessment of caregiver burden in stroke than the longer and more complex SCQ and CRA. SRB could be used for quick screening of caregivers at risk. CSI is indicated for further diagnosis of the burden of informal caregivers.

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Authors: van Exel, N. J. A., op Reimer, W. J. S., Brouwer, W. B., van den Berg, B., Koopmanschap, M. A., & van den Bos, G. A.
Affiliations: Institute for Medical Technology Assessment (iMTA) and Department of Health Policy and Management (iBMG), Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
Institute for Medical Technology Assessment (iMTA) and Department of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam and National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Department for Health Services Research, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven and Department of Social Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
ORCID: Brouwer, Werner BF
Venue: Clinical Rehabilitation
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2004-03
Volume: 18
Issue: 2
Pages: 203-214
ISSN: 0269-2155 (ISSN-L)
1477-0873
DOI: 10.1191/0269215504cr723oa
OpenAlex: W2158727937
Cited by: 229
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 27.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Clinical Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
Rivm (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing care and research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
Keywords: caregiver burden, informal caregivers, stroke, Caregiver Strain Index, Caregiver Reaction Assessment, scale validity, feasibility, health-related quality of life, stroke disability, caregiver screening
MeSH terms: Aged, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Caregivers, Stroke

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Instruments for assessing the burden of informal caregiving for stroke patients in clinical practice: a comparison of CSI, CRA, SCQ and self-rated burden

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