Solving a weighty problem: Systematic review and meta-analysis of nutrition interventions in severe mental illness
Open accessAbstract
Background: Nutrition interventions would appear fundamental for weight management and cardiometabolic risk reduction in people experiencing severe mental illness (SMI). Comprehensive evaluation of nutrition interventions is lacking. Aims: To subject randomised controlled trials of nutrition interventions in people with SMI to systematic review and meta-analysis, and to measure anthropometric and biochemical parameters and nutritional intake. Method: An electronic database search identified trials with nutrition intervention components. Trials were pooled for meta-analysis. Meta-regression analyses were performed on anthropometric moderators. Results: Interventions led to significant weight loss (19 studies), reduced body mass index (17 studies), decreased waist circumference (10 studies) and lower blood glucose levels (5 studies). Dietitian-led interventions (6 studies) and studies delivered at antipsychotic initiation (4 studies) had larger effect sizes. Conclusions: Evidence supports nutrition interventions as standard care in preventing and treating weight gain among people experiencing SMI.
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For adults with severe mental illness, the impacts of food insecurity are particularly serious due to complex links between nutrition, medication adherence, and management of psychiatric symptoms.
“For adults with SMI, the impacts are particularly serious due to the complex links between nutrition, medication adherence, and the management of psychiatric symptoms [7, 16].”
From A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring How Food Insecurity Screening can be Embedded in Routine Mental Health Care for Adults With Severe Mental Illness (2026) · cites this paper as [16]
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BackgroundA Behavioral Weight-Loss Intervention in Persons with Serious Mental Illness
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“For adults with SMI, the impacts are particularly serious due to the complex links between nutrition, medication adherence, and the management of psychiatric symptoms [7, 16].”
- Authors
- Teasdale, S. B., Ward, P. B., Rosenbaum, S., Samaras, K., & Stubbs, B.
- Affiliations
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research (AU)
- National Health Service (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Teasdale, Scott B.
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2017-02
- Volume
- 210
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 110-118
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2546592362
- Cited by
- 198
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 3.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Western Sydney Local Health District
- South Eastern Sydney Local Health District
- King's College London
- University of New South Wales
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- nutrition interventions, severe mental illness, weight gain prevention, weight loss, body mass index, waist circumference, blood glucose, cardiometabolic risk, dietitian-led intervention, antipsychotic initiation, nutritional intake, anthropometric outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Healthy, Mental Disorders, Humans, Patient Education as Topic, Weight Loss, Outcome Assessment, Health Care
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