Experiences with legally mandated treatment in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review of qualitative studies
Open accessAbstract
Background: Patients with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, may be legally mandated to undergo psychiatric treatment. Patients’ experiences in these situations are not well characterized. This systematic review of qualitative studies aims to describe the experiences of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders who have undergone legally mandated treatment. Methods: Four bibliographic databases were searched: CINAHL Plus (1981–2019), EMBASE (1947–2019), MEDLINE (1946–2019), and PsycINFO (1806–2019). These databases were searched for keywords, text words, and medical subject headings related to schizophrenia, legally mandated treatment and patient experience. The reference lists of included studies and systematic reviews were also investigated. The identified titles and abstracts were reviewed for study inclusion. A thematic analysis was completed for the synthesis of positive and negative aspects of legally mandated treatment. Results: A total of 4,008 citations were identified. Eighteen studies were included in the final synthesis. For the thematic analysis, results were collated under two broad themes; positive patient experiences and negative patient experiences. Patients were satisfied when their autonomy was respected, and dissatisfied when it was not. Patients often retrospectively recognized that their treatment was beneficial. Furthermore, negative aspects of the treatment included deficits in communication and a lack of information. Conclusions: Intervention research has historically focused on clinical outcomes and the quantitative aspects of treatment. Thus, this study provides insight into the qualitative aspects of patients’ experiences with legally mandated treatment. Recognizing these opinions and experiences can lead to better attitudes toward treatment for patients with schizophrenia and related psychiatric illnesses.
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Increased medication adherence was reported as a positive outcome of community treatment orders, although this was more likely to be valued by clinicians rather than people on community treatment orders.
“Increased medication adherence was reported as a positive outcome of CTOs although this was more likely to be valued by clinicians rather than people on CTOs”
From The benefits and harms of community treatment orders for people diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses: A rapid umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (2024) · cites this paper as Plahouras et al., 2020
The Results section on positive patient experiences reports that some patients valued medication controls, including one who said treatment made them take tablets when they needed to. It does not establish increased medication adherence as an outcome of CTOs or say clinicians were more likely than people on CTOs to value it (page numbers unavailable). (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPatients were satisfied when their autonomy was respected, and dissatisfied when it was not.
“Patients were satisfied when their autonomy was respected, and dissatisfied when it was not.”
From The benefits and harms of community treatment orders for people diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses: A rapid umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (2024) · cites this paper as Plahouras et al. (2020)
Most commonly, a cost of community treatment orders was a lack of self-determination and control over treatment for people made subject to them.
“Most commonly, this was a lack of self-determination and control over treatment for people made subject to CTOs”
From The benefits and harms of community treatment orders for people diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses: A rapid umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (2024) · cites this paper as Plahouras et al., 2020
Families viewed community treatment orders as a way to have their thoughts, feelings and perspectives considered.
“Families consequently viewed CTOs as a way to have their thoughts, feelings and perspectives considered”
From The benefits and harms of community treatment orders for people diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses: A rapid umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (2024) · cites this paper as Plahouras et al., 2020
The Results’ characteristics-of-included-studies table identifies CTO studies involving relatives and extended family, but does not report that families saw CTOs as a way for their views to be considered. The passages on having views considered concern patients instead. Searches for families, carers, and family views of CTOs found no passage stating the attributed point; page numbers were not available in the indexed copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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BackgroundInfluentialMental Health Nurses' Enforcement of Involuntary Care in Inpatient Settings: A Meta‐Ethnography
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Factors Affecting Clozapine Adherence in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Qualitative Study
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- Authors
- Plahouras, J. E., Mehta, S., Buchman, D. Z., Foussias, G., Daskalakis, Z. J., & Blumberger, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- University Health Network (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Blumberger, Daniel M.
- Venue
- European Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2020
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e39-e39
- ISSN
- 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
- 1778-3585
- PMC
- PMC7355163
- OpenAlex
- W3025552751
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 0.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, involuntary psychiatric treatment, patient experience, patient autonomy, communication with clinicians, treatment satisfaction, severe mental illness
- MeSH terms
- Treatment Adherence and Compliance, Coercion, Communication, Humans, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Qualitative Research
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