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An Audit of Behavioral Indicators of Poor Welfare in Kenneled Dogs in the United Kingdom

Stephen, Jacqueline M., Ledger, Rebecca A.·2005·Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science

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Abstract

This survey-based study describes the prevalence and onset of behavioral indicators of poor welfare in dogs kenneled at United Kingdom rescue shelters. It describes key factors contributing to individual variation in behaviors. At 8 rescue shelters, staff trained in the care of nonhuman animals recorded daily whether dogs in their care displayed each of 15 behaviors. The study originally involved 302 dogs; for the first 14 days, it monitored only 148 dogs daily. The study observed dogs for a maximum of 6 weeks from admittance, observing all 15 behaviors at least once during the first 2 weeks (n = 148). The proportion of dogs observed to perform each behavior differed within the sample. The most commonly observed behavior (24.3% of dogs) was excessive barking. The remaining 14 behaviors ranged from listlessness (20.3%) to repetitive tail-chasing (1.3%). Over the 6 weeks, the proportion observed to pace repetitively and wall bounce increased. The proportion who lacked appetite and displayed fear-associated behavior decreased. Breed differences, gender, and age partially explained variability in the onset and prevalence of behavioral indicators of poor welfare in kenneled dogs.

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Authors: Stephen, J. M., & Ledger, R. A.
Affiliations: Brunel University of London (GB)
Venue: Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2005-04
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Pages: 79-95
ISSN: 1088-8705 (ISSN-L)
1532-7604
DOI: 10.1207/s15327604jaws0802_1
OpenAlex: W2051821642
Cited by: 111
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 2.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Orthopedics and Neurology
Keywords: dog welfare, kennel dogs, listlessness, pacing, appetite loss, breed differences, gender differences, age differences, individual variation in behavior, United Kingdom
MeSH terms: Animals, Animal Husbandry, Animal Welfare, Behavior, Animal, Dogs, England, Female, Male, Pedigree, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Isolation, Incidence, Prevalence

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An Audit of Behavioral Indicators of Poor Welfare in Kenneled Dogs in the United Kingdom

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