Heritability of plasma sex hormones and hormone binding globulin in adult male twins
Abstract
Plasma sex hormone concentrations have been used as biomarkers in epidemiological studies of many conditions including cancer, obesity, bone density, and coronary heart disease. The objective of this analysis was to estimate genetic and nongenetic influences on endogenous sex hormones (testosterone, estradiol, estrone, and SHBG) in a large sample of 532 adult white male twins (134 monozygotic and 132 dizygotic twin pairs) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Twin Study. Participants were aged 59-70 yr at the time of plasma collection, and hormone concentrations were determined with RIA. Genetic models were fitted by the method of maximum likelihood. Testosterone and SHBG concentrations have substantial genetic variation, with additive genetic factors accounting for 57 and 68% of the total phenotypic variation, respectively. In contrast, variation in estrone (37% shared environmental and 63% individual specific environmental effects) and estradiol concentrations (25% genetic effect, 44% shared environmental effects, and 31% individual specific environmental effects) were largely influenced by nongenetic factors. Assessment of the relative contribution of genetic and nongenetic influences on hormone concentrations may help in the search for genes underlying variation and covariation in complex traits affected by plasma sex hormone concentrations.
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After adjustment for age and body-mass index, testosterone levels were 16% higher in men living in Hong Kong and Japan, while Asian men living in the US had levels similar to other US residents; no differences were noted based on ethnicity alone.
“With adjustment for age and body-mass index, T levels were 16% higher in men living in Hong Kong and Japan, while Asian men living in the US were found to have similar levels to other US residents. No differences were noted in T levels based on ethnicity alone.”
From Challenges in Testosterone Measurement, Data Interpretation, and Methodological Appraisal of Interventional Trials (2016) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Ring, H. Z., Lessov, C. N., Reed, T., Marcus, R., Holloway, L., Swan, G. E., & Carmelli, D.
- Affiliations
- SRI International (US)
- Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ring, Huijun Z.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2005-06-01
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 3653-3658
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2131643226
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 51429, R01HL051429)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Keywords
- heritability, plasma sex hormones, testosterone, estradiol, estrone, sex hormone-binding globulin, monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, additive genetic effects, shared environmental effects, adult male, genetic epidemiology
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Estradiol, Estrone, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic, Body Mass Index
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