Cited by 396Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormonesRegulation of Appetite and ObesityNeuropeptides and Animal Physiology

Hypertrophy and increased kisspeptin gene expression in the hypothalamic infundibular nucleus of postmenopausal women and ovariectomized monkeys

Rometo, Adonna M., Krajewski, Sally J., Lou Voytko, Mary, Rance, Naomi E.·2007·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Abstract

CONTEXT: Human menopause is characterized by ovarian failure, gonadotropin hypersecretion, and neuronal hypertrophy in the hypothalamic infundibular (arcuate) nucleus. Recent studies have demonstrated a critical role for kisspeptins in reproductive regulation, but it is not known whether menopause is accompanied by changes in hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to map the location of neurons expressing kisspeptin gene (KiSS-1) transcripts in the human hypothalamus and determine whether menopause is associated with changes in the size and gene expression of kisspeptin neurons. In monkeys, our objective was to evaluate the effects of ovariectomy and hormone replacement on neurons expressing KiSS-1 mRNA in the infundibular nucleus. SUBJECTS: Hypothalamic tissues were collected at autopsy from eight premenopausal and nine postmenopausal women and from 42 young cynomolgus monkeys in various endocrine states. METHODS: We used hybridization histochemistry, quantitative autoradiography, and computer-assisted microscopy. RESULTS: Examination of human hypothalamic sections revealed that KiSS-1 neurons were located predominantly in the infundibular nucleus. In the infundibular nucleus of postmenopausal women, there was a significant increase in the size of neurons expressing KiSS-1 mRNA and the number of labeled cells and autoradiographic grains per neuron. Similar to postmenopausal women, ovariectomy induced neuronal hypertrophy and increased KiSS-1 gene expression in the monkey infundibular nucleus. Conversely, in ovariectomized monkeys, estrogen replacement markedly reduced KiSS-1 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: The cynomolgus monkey experiments provide strong evidence that the increase in KiSS-1 neuronal size and gene expression in postmenopausal women is secondary to ovarian failure. These studies suggest that kisspeptin neurons regulate estrogen negative feedback in the human.

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Authors
Rometo, A. M., Krajewski, S. J., Lou Voytko, M., & Rance, N. E.
Affiliations
  • University of Arizona (US)
  • Department of Pathology (M.L.V.), Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
Corresponding author
Rance, Naomi E.
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Published
2007-07-01
Volume
92
Issue
7
Pages
2744-2750
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
OpenAlex
W2131769837
Cited by
396
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 27
FWCI
27.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Frances McClelland Institute for Children, Youth, and Families
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Aging (AG09214, T32AG007434)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Keywords
kisspeptin, arcuate nucleus, menopause, postmenopausal women, ovariectomy, estrogen replacement therapy, neuronal hypertrophy, ovarian failure, estrogen negative feedback, reproductive control
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Hypertrophy, Macaca fascicularis, Middle Aged, Neurons, Ovariectomy, Pituitary Gland, Posterior, Progesterone, RNA, Messenger, Gene Expression, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Postmenopause, Feedback, Physiological, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Kisspeptins

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