Estradiol stimulates transcription of nuclear respiratory factor-1 and increases mitochondrial biogenesis
Open accessAbstract
Estrogen has direct and indirect effects on mitochondrial activity, but the mechanisms mediating these effects remain unclear. Others reported that long-term estradiol (E(2)) treatment increased nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) protein in cerebral blood vessels of ovariectomized rats. NRF-1 is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes, e.g. mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), that control transcription of the mitochondrial genome. Here we tested the hypothesis that E(2) increases NRF-1 transcription resulting in a coordinate increase in the expression of nuclear- and mitochondrial- encoded genes and mitochondrial respiratory activity. We show that E(2) increased NRF-1 mRNA and protein in MCF-7 breast and H1793 lung adenocarcinoma cells in a time-dependent manner. E(2)-induced NRF-1 expression was inhibited by the estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182,780 and actinomycin D but not by phosphoinositide-3 kinase and MAPK inhibitors, indicating a genomic mechanism of E(2) regulation of NRF-1 transcription. An estrogen response element (ERE) in the NRF-1 promoter bound ER alpha and ER beta in vitro, and E(2) induced ER alpha and ER beta recruitment to this ERE in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in MCF-7 cells. The NRF-1 ERE activated reporter gene expression in transfected cells. Small interfering RNA to ER alpha and ER beta revealed that ER alpha mediates E(2)-induced NRF-1 transcription. The E(2)-induced increase in NRF-1 was followed by increased TFAM and the transcription of Tfam-regulated mitochondrial DNA-encoded COI and NDI genes and increased mitochondrial biogenesis. Knockdown of NRF-1 blocked E(2) stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and activity, indicating a mechanism by which estrogens regulate mitochondrial function by increasing NRF-1 expression.
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17β-estradiol increases the transcription of mitochondrial nuclear-encoded genes and mitochondria-encoded genes through ERα/β mediated activation of NRF1 and TFAM.
“17β-estradiol also increases the transcription of mitochondrial nuclear-encoded genes, and mitochondria-encoded genes through the ERα/β mediated activation of NRF1 and TFAM (122, 123).”
From From mitochondria to sarcopenia: role of 17β-estradiol and testosterone (2023) · cites this paper as [123]
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- Authors
- Mattingly, K. A., Ivanova, M. M., Riggs, K. A., Wickramasinghe, N. S., Barch, M. J., & Klinge, C. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Louisville (US)
- Corresponding author
- Klinge, Carolyn M.
- Venue
- Molecular Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2008-03-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 609-622
- ISSN
- 0888-8809 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-9917
- PMC
- PMC2262171
- OpenAlex
- W2033504349
- Cited by
- 243
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 5.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Molecular Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01-DK-53220, R01DK053220)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- estradiol, NRF1, mitochondrial biogenesis, estrogen receptor alpha, estrogen receptor beta, estrogen response element, TFAM, COI, NDI, genomic estrogen signaling, MCF-7 cells
- MeSH terms
- Fulvestrant, DNA-Binding Proteins, DNA, Mitochondrial, Estradiol, Estrogen Antagonists, Humans, Mitochondria, Nitriles, Phenols, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Propionates, Pyrazoles, RNA, Messenger, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Blotting, Western, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Mitochondrial Proteins, RNA, Small Interfering, Cell Line, Tumor, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Estrogen Receptor beta, Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1
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