Cited by 266Regulation of Appetite and ObesityAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

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Insulin and Leptin as Adiposity Signals

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Benoit, S. C.·2004·Recent Progress in Hormone Research

DOI 10.1210/rp.59.1.267

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Abstract

There is now considerable consensus that the adipocyte hormone leptin and the pancreatic hormone insulin are important regulators of food intake and energy balance. Leptin and insulin fulfill many of the requirements to be putative adiposity signals to the brain. Plasma leptin and insulin levels are positively correlated with body weight and with adipose mass in particular. Furthermore, both leptin and insulin enter the brain from the plasma. The brain expresses both insulin and leptin receptors in areas important in the control of food intake and energy balance. Consistent with their roles as adiposity signals, exogenous leptin and insulin both reduce food intake when administered locally into the brain in a number of species under different experimental paradigms. Additionally, central administration of insulin antibodies increases food intake and body weight. Recent studies have demonstrated that both insulin and leptin have additive effects when administered simultaneously. Finally, we recently have demonstrated that leptin and insulin share downstream neuropeptide signaling pathways. Hence, insulin and leptin provide important negative feedback signals to the central nervous system, proportional to peripheral energy stores and coupled with catabolic circuits.

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Authors: Benoit, S. C.
Affiliations: University of Cincinnati Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Benoit, S. C.
Venue: Recent Progress in Hormone Research
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2004-01-01
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Pages: 267-285
ISSN: 0079-9963 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1210/rp.59.1.267
OpenAlex: W2125667577
Cited by: 266
References: 111
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 6.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Locations: Recent Progress in Hormone Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Cincinnati
National Institutes of Health
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Keywords: leptin, insulin, adiposity signals, food intake regulation, energy balance, leptin receptor, insulin receptor, brain, negative feedback, neuropeptide signaling, body weight, insulin antibodies
MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue, alpha-MSH, Body Composition, Brain, Humans, Hypothalamus, Insulin, Neuropeptide Y, Signal Transduction, Leptin

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Insulin and Leptin as Adiposity Signals

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