The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quercetin Reduces Illness but Not Immune Perturbations after Intensive Exercise
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of quercetin supplementation on incidence of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and exercise-induced changes in immune function. METHODS: Trained male cyclists (N=40) were randomized to quercetin (N=20) or placebo (N=20) groups and, under double-blind procedures, received 3 wk quercetin (1000 mg.d(-1)) or placebo before, during, and for 2 wk after a 3-d period in which subjects cycled for 3 h.d(-1) at approximately 57% Wmax. Blood and saliva samples were collected before and after each of the three exercise sessions and assayed for natural killer cell activity (NKCA), PHA-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation (PHA-LP), polymorphonuclear oxidative-burst activity (POBA), and salivary IgA output (sIgA). RESULTS: Pre- to postexercise changes in NKCA, PHA-LP, POBA, and sIgA did not differ significantly between quercetin and placebo groups. URTI incidence during the 2-wk postexercise period differed significantly between groups (quercetin=1/20 vs placebo=9/20, Kaplan-Meier analysis statistic=8.31, P=0.004). CONCLUSION: Quercetin versus placebo ingestion did not alter exercise-induced changes in several measures of immune function, but it significantly reduced URTI incidence in cyclists during the 2-wk period after intensified exercise.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“For example, although self-reported illness symptoms following a period of demanding exercise training have been shown to be lower in athletes supplementing their diet with Quercetin, this antioxidant had no effect on assessments immune function before and after acute exercise (Nieman et al. 2007).”
From Is immunosenescence influenced by our lifetime “dose” of exercise? (2016) · cites this paper as Nieman et al. 2007
Citations
Cites
Polyphenols: Food sources and bioavailability
Manach, C., Scalbert, A., Morand, C., Rémésy, C., & Jiménez, L. (2004) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.727 · Cited by 8,175
Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids
Cushnie, T. P. T., & Lamb, A. J. (2005) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.002 · Cited by 4,580
Body composition from fluid spaces and density: analysis of methods. 1961.
Siri, W. E. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 2,556
Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in postmenopausal women
Mink, P. J., Scrafford, C. G., Barraj, L. M., Harnack, L., Hong, C.-P., Nettleton, J. A., & Jacobs, D. R. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.3.895 · Cited by 945
Harwood, M., Danielewska-Nikiel, B., Borzelleca, J. F., Flamm, G., Williams, G. M., & Lines, T. C. (2007) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2007.05.015 · Cited by 890
Quercetin is recovered in human plasma as conjugated derivatives which retain antioxidant properties
Manach, C., Morand, C., Crespy, V., Demigné, C., Texier, O., Regerat, F., & Rémésy, C. (1998) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00367-6 · Cited by 586
Tissue Distribution of Quercetin in Rats and Pigs
de Boer, V. C. J., Dihal, A. A., van der Woude, H., Arts, I. C. W., Wolffram, S., Alink, G. M., Rietjens, I. M. C. M., Keijer, J., & Hollman, P. C. H. (2005) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/135.7.1718 · Cited by 519
Comalada, M., Ballester, I., Bailón, E., Sierra, S., Xaus, J., Gálvez, J., Medina, F. S. D., & Zarzuelo, A. (2006) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2006.07.016 · Cited by 440
Nair, M., Mahajan, S. D., Reynolds, J. L., Aalinkeel, R., Nair, H. N., Schwartz, S. A., & Kandaswami, C. C. (2006) · Clinical and Vaccine Immunology · doi:10.1128/cvi.13.3.319-328.2006 · Cited by 400
Suzuki, K., Totsuka, M., Nakaji, S., Yamada, M., Kudoh, S., Liu, Q., Sugawara, K., Yamaya, K., & Sato, K. (1999) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1999.87.4.1360 · Cited by 356
Flavonol and Flavone Intakes in US Health Professionals
SAMPSON, L., Rimm, E. B., Hollman, P. C. H., de Vries, J. H. M., & Katan, M. (2002) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90314-7 · Cited by 315
Chen, J.-C., Ho, F., Chao, P.-D. L., Chen, C., Jeng, K.-C. G., Hsu, H.-B., Lee, S. T., Wu, W. T., & Lin, W. (2005) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.08.005 · Cited by 271
Chen, L., Li, J., Luo, C., Liu, H. S., Xu, W., Chen, G., Liew, O. W., Zhu, W., Puah, C. M., Shen, X., et al. (2006) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2006.09.014 · Cited by 266
In vitro antiviral activities of Caesalpinia pulcherrima and its related flavonoids
Chiang, L. C. (2003) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkg291 · Cited by 249
Influence of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative and immune changes after an ultramarathon
Nieman, D. C., Henson, D. A., McAnulty, S. R., McAnulty, L., Swick, N. S., Utter, A. C., Vinci, D. M., Opiela, S. J., & Morrow, J. D. (2002) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00961.2001 · Cited by 198
Self-citationCarbon Dioxide Is the Major Metabolite of Quercetin in Humans
Walle, T., Walle, U. K., & Halushka, P. V. (2001) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/131.10.2648 · Cited by 184
Muscle damage is linked to cytokine changes following a 160-km race
Nieman, D. C., Dumke, C. L., Henson, D. A., McAnulty, S. R., Gross, S. J., & Lind, R. H. (2005) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2005.03.008 · Cited by 180
Self-citationNair, M., Kandaswami, C. C., Mahajan, S. D., Chadha, K. C., Chawda, R. P., Nair, H. N., Kumar, N. M., Nair, R. E., & Schwartz, S. A. (2002) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/s0167-4889(02)00328-2 · Cited by 180
Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation Combined with Quercetin Improves Cycling Time Trial Performance
MacRae, H., & Mefferd, K. (2006) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.16.4.405 · Cited by 139
Vitamin E and immunity after the Kona triathlon world championship
NIEMAN, D. C., HENSON, D. A., MCANULTY, S. R., MCANULTY, L. S., MORROW, J. D., AHMED, A., & HEWARD, C. B. (2004) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000135778.57355.ca · Cited by 131
Self-citationRapid flow cytometric assay for the assessment of natural killer cell activity
Chang, L., Gusewitch, G., CHRITTON, D. B. W., Folz, J. C., Lebeck, L. K., & Nehlsen‐Cannarella, S. L. (1993) · Journal of Immunological Methods · doi:10.1016/0022-1759(93)90327-4 · Cited by 130
Immune system adaptation in elite athletes
Gleeson, M. (2006) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000247476.02650.18 · Cited by 124
Ishii, K., Furuta, T., & Kasuya, Y. (2003) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00398-2 · Cited by 124
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids do not affect cytokine response to strenuous exercise
Toft, A. D., Thorn, M., Ostrowski, K., Asp, S., Møller, K., Iversen, S. A., Hermann, C., Søndergaard, S. R., & Pedersen, B. K. (2000) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.89.6.2401 · Cited by 106
Nieman, D. C., Henson, D. A., Dumke, C. L., Lind, R. H., Shooter, L., & Gross, S. J. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 90
Self-citationBioavailability of Quercetin From Berries and the Diet
Erlund, I., Freese, R., Marniemi, J., Hakala, P., & Alfthan, G. (2006) · Nutrition and Cancer · doi:10.1207/s15327914nc5401_3 · Cited by 89
Nieman, D. C., & BISHOP, N. C. (2006) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640410500482982 · Cited by 84
Self-citationFlavonoids as antagonists at A1adenosine receptors
Alexander, S. P. H. (2006) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.1975 · Cited by 84
Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on immune variables in highly trained cyclists
Shing, C. M., Peake, J. M., Suzuki, K., Okutsu, M., Pereira, R., Stevenson, L., Jenkins, D. G., & Coombes, J. S. (2006) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00553.2006 · Cited by 82
Self-citationÁlvarez, P., Alvarado, C., Puerto, M., Schlumberger, A., Jiménez, L., & la Fuente, M. D. (2006) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2005.12.012 · Cited by 78
Kempuraj, D., Castellani, M. L., Petrarca, C., Frydas, S., Conti, P., Theoharides, T. C., & Vecchiet, J. (2006) · Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10238-006-0114-7 · Cited by 59
Dietary Quercetin, Immune Functions and Colonic Carcinogenesis in Rats
Exon, J. H., Magnuson, B. A., South, E. H., & Hendrix, K. J. (1998) · Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology · doi:10.3109/08923979809034816 · Cited by 36
Dimova, S. (2003) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(03)00363-6 · Cited by 34
INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN C SUPPLEMENTATION ON OXIDATIVE AND IMMUNE CHANGES FOLLOWING AN ULTRAMARATHON
Nieman, D. C., Henson, D. A., McAnulty, S. R., McAnulty, L., Swick, N. S., Utter, A. C., Vinci, D. M., Opiela, S. J., & Morrow, J. D. (2002) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200205001-00514 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Quercetin, Inflammation and Immunity
Li, Y., Yao, J., Han, C., Yang, J., Chaudhry, M., Wang, S., Liu, H., & Yin, Y. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8030167 · Cited by 1,999
“1000 mg/day Human cyclist No effect [74]”
BackgroundIOC Consensus Statement: Dietary Supplements and the High-performance Athlete
Maughan, R. J., Burke, L. M., Dvorak, J., Larson-Meyer, D. E., Peeling, P., Phillips, S. M., Rawson, E. S., Walsh, N. P., Garthe, I., Geyer, H., et al. (2018) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-099027 · Cited by 1,004
RETRACTED: Quercetin: A flavonol with multifaceted therapeutic applications?
D’Andrea, G. (2015) · Fitoterapia · doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.018 · Cited by 743
RetractedIOC Consensus Statement: Dietary Supplements and the High-Performance Athlete
Maughan, R. J., Burke, L. M., Dvorak, J., Larson-Meyer, D. E., Peeling, P., Phillips, S. M., Rawson, E. S., Walsh, N. P., Garthe, I., Geyer, H., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0020 · Cited by 540
“Further support required (Gleeson, 2016; Nieman et al., 2007).”
BackgroundBiancatelli, R. M. L. C., Berrill, M., Catravas, J. D., & Marik, P. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01451 · Cited by 533
“Athletes supplemented with quercetin are protected from stress-induced susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infection (44)—which was not related to immunomodulation (45, 46).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- NIEMAN, D. C., HENSON, D. A., GROSS, S. J., JENKINS, D. P., DAVIS, J. M., MURPHY, E. A., CARMICHAEL, M. D., DUMKE, C. L., UTTER, A. C., MCANULTY, S. R., MCANULTY, L. S., & MAYER, E. P.
- Affiliations
- Appalachian State University (US)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1561-1569
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2100065198
- Cited by
- 193
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 13.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Herbal Medicine Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- quercetin, upper respiratory tract infection, exercise immunology, NK cell cytotoxicity, lymphocyte proliferation, neutrophil respiratory burst, salivary IgA, antioxidant supplementation, cyclists, disease incidence
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antioxidants, Physical Exertion, Humans, Immune System, Killer Cells, Natural, Male, Peroxidase, Neutrophils, Quercetin, Respiratory Tract Infections, T-Lymphocytes, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
