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The Long-Run Effects of the Scramble for Africa

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Michalopoulos, Stelios, Papaioannou, Elias·2016·American Economic Review
DOI 10.1257/aer.20131311
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Abstract

We explore the consequences of ethnic partitioning, a neglected aspect of the Scramble for Africa, and uncover the following. First, apart from the land mass and water bodies, split and non-split groups are similar across several dimensions. Second, the incidence, severity, and duration of political violence are all higher for partitioned homelands which also experience frequent military interventions from neighboring countries. Third, split groups are often entangled in a vicious circle of government-led discrimination and ethnic wars. Fourth, respondents from survey data identifying with split ethnicities are economically disadvantaged. The evidence highlights the detrimental repercussions of the colonial border design. (JEL D72, D74, F51, J15, O15, O17, Z13)

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Metadata

Authors
Michalopoulos, S., & Papaioannou, E.
Affiliations
  • Center for Economic and Policy Research (US)
  • Centre for Economic Policy Research (GB)
ORCID
Michalopoulos, Stelios
Venue
American Economic Review
Publisher
American Economic Association
Published
2016-07-01
Volume
106
Issue
7
Pages
1802-1848
ISSN
0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1257/aer.20131311
OpenAlex
W3122296048
Cited by
424
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 39 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13
FWCI
89.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Economic Review (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L011719/1)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
  • Social Sciences › Development › Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Natural Resources and Economic Development
Keywords
Scramble for Africa, political violence, ethnic war, military intervention, economic disadvantage

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