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Identification of a Functional Connectome for Long-Term Fear Memory in Mice
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Long-term memories are thought to depend upon the coordinated activation of a broad network of cortical and subcortical brain regions. However, the distributed nature of this representation has made it challenging to define the neural elements of the memory trace, and lesion and electrophysiological approaches provide only a narrow window into what is appreciated a much more global network. Here we used a global mapping approach to identify networks of brain regions activated following recall of long-term fear memories in mice. Analysis of Fos expression across 84 brain regions allowed us to identify regions that were co-active following memory recall. These analyses revealed that the functional organization of long-term fear memories depends on memory age and is altered in mutant mice that exhibit premature forgetting. Most importantly, these analyses indicate that long-term memory recall engages a network that has a distinct thalamic-hippocampal-cortical signature. This network is concurrently integrated and segregated and therefore has small-world properties, and contains hub-like regions in the prefrontal cortex and thalamus that may play privileged roles in memory expression.
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“Graph theoretical analysis has been applied to Fos datasets to characterize functional relationships in rodent neural circuits66–69.”
From Insular cortex mediates approach and avoidance responses to social affective stimuli (2018) · cites this paper as [66]
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“A functional connectome study further revealed that, whereas the absolute hippocampal activity decreases over time, the connectivity of the hippocampus with other brain regions is strengthened, which is associated with remote memory 31 .”
From Role of the hippocampus in systems consolidation of remote fear memory (2026) · cites this paper as [31]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wheeler, A. L., Teixeira, C. M., Wang, A. H., Xiong, X., Kovacevic, N., Lerch, J. P., McIntosh, A. R., Parkinson, J., & Frankland, P. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Baycrest Hospital (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Frankland, Paul W.
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS Computational Biology
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-01-03
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e1002853
- ISSN
- 1553-734X (ISSN-L)
- 1553-7358
- PMC
- PMC3536620
- OpenAlex
- W1995227930
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 6.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS Computational Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Hospital for Sick Children
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (82940_1, MOP77561, 82940)
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- memory retrieval, functional connectome, Fos expression, memory age, thalamus, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, small-world networks, hub regions, memory traces, mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Fear, Immunohistochemistry, Memory, Mice, Mutant Strains, Nerve Net, Mice
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