Cited by 103Cancer-related Molecular PathwaysGenomics and Chromatin DynamicsProtein Structure and Dynamics

Noncanonical DNA Motifs as Transactivation Targets by Wild Type and Mutant p53

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Jordan, Jennifer J., Menendez, Daniel, Inga, Alberto, Nourredine, Maher, Bell, Douglas, Resnick, Michael A.·2008·PLoS Genetics

Abstract

Sequence-specific binding by the human p53 master regulator is critical to its tumor suppressor activity in response to environmental stresses. p53 binds as a tetramer to two decameric half-sites separated by 0-13 nucleotides (nt), originally defined by the consensus RRRCWWGYYY (n = 0-13) RRRCWWGYYY. To better understand the role of sequence, organization, and level of p53 on transactivation at target response elements (REs) by wild type (WT) and mutant p53, we deconstructed the functional p53 canonical consensus sequence using budding yeast and human cell systems. Contrary to early reports on binding in vitro, small increases in distance between decamer half-sites greatly reduces p53 transactivation, as demonstrated for the natural TIGER RE. This was confirmed with human cell extracts using a newly developed, semi-in vitro microsphere binding assay. These results contrast with the synergistic increase in transactivation from a pair of weak, full-site REs in the MDM2 promoter that are separated by an evolutionary conserved 17 bp spacer. Surprisingly, there can be substantial transactivation at noncanonical (1/2)-(a single decamer) and (3/4)-sites, some of which were originally classified as biologically relevant canonical consensus sequences including PIDD and Apaf-1. p53 family members p63 and p73 yielded similar results. Efficient transactivation from noncanonical elements requires tetrameric p53, and the presence of the carboxy terminal, non-specific DNA binding domain enhanced transactivation from noncanonical sequences. Our findings demonstrate that RE sequence, organization, and level of p53 can strongly impact p53-mediated transactivation, thereby changing the view of what constitutes a functional p53 target. Importantly, inclusion of (1/2)- and (3/4)-site REs greatly expands the p53 master regulatory network.

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  • Results from multiple studies suggest that p53 can bind and transactivate target genes through noncanonical binding sites, particularly through half-sites.

    “In addition, results from multiple studies suggest that p53 can bind and transactivate target genes through noncanonical binding sites, particularly through half-sites.22, 54, 55, 56”

    From Census and evaluation of p53 target genes (2017) · cites this paper as [54]

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Authors
Jordan, J. J., Menendez, D., Inga, A., Nourredine, M., Bell, D., & Resnick, M. A.
Affiliations
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
Resnick, Michael A.
Venue
PLoS Genetics
Published
2008-06-27
Volume
4
Issue
6
Pages
e1000104
ISSN
  • 1553-7390 (ISSN-L)
  • 1553-7404
OpenAlex
W2049945082
Cited by
103
References
113
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 13
FWCI
6.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PLoS Genetics (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Defense
  • Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
Keywords
p53, transcriptional activation, response elements, p63, p73, p53 tetramer, tumor suppressor regulation
MeSH terms
Base Sequence, Binding Sites, Biological Assay, Diploidy, DNA, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Transfection, Transcriptional Activation, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Consensus Sequence, Point Mutation, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Genes, Reporter, Dimerization, Response Elements, DNA, Intergenic, Cell Line, Tumor, Luciferases, Renilla, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2

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