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Monitoring Bacterial Community of Human Gut Microbiota Reveals an Increase in Lactobacillus in Obese Patients and Methanogens in Anorexic Patients
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Studies of the bacterial communities of the gut microbiota have revealed a shift in the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in obese patients. Determining the variations of microbial communities in feces may be beneficial for the identification of specific profiles in patients with abnormal weights. The roles of the archaeon Methanobrevibacter smithii and Lactobacillus species have not been described in these studies. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We developed an efficient and robust real-time PCR tool that includes a plasmid-based internal control and allows for quantification of the bacterial divisions Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus as well as the methanogen M. smithii. We applied this technique to the feces of 20 obese subjects, 9 patients with anorexia nervosa, and 20 normal-weight healthy controls. Our results confirmed a reduction in the Bacteroidetes community in obese patients (p<0.01). We found a significantly higher Lactobacillus species concentration in obese patients than in lean controls (p=0.0197) or anorexic patients (p=0.0332). The M. smithii concentration was much higher in anorexic patients than in the lean population (p=0.0171). CONCLUSIONS: Lactobacillus species are widely used as growth promoters in the farm industry and are now linked to obesity in humans. The study of the bacterial flora in anorexic patients revealed an increase in M. smithii. This increase might represent an adaptive use of nutrients in this population.
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“Surprisingly though, literature on this area is scarce, with only a handful of studies measuring gut microbial profile in patients with AN [29,30,31,32] and no data are available on other forms of eating disorders.”
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“The bloom of Methanobrevibacter, a bacterial genus that generates methane from hydrogen and carbon dioxide, is another example that the gut ecosystem of AN patients increases energy harvest in response to low nutrient availability [31].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Armougom, F., Henry, M., Vialettes, B., Raccah, D., & Raoult, D.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Hôpital de la Timone (FR)
- Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Raoult, Didier
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2009-09-23
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e7125
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2742902
- OpenAlex
- W2037701117
- Cited by
- 905
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 74 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 45
- FWCI
- 13.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, obesity, anorexia nervosa, Lactobacillus, Methanobrevibacter smithii, methanogenic archaea, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, fecal microbiota, real-time PCR quantification, microbial community shifts
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anorexia Nervosa, Feces, Humans, Intestines, Lactobacillus, Middle Aged, Obesity, Plasmids, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Methanobrevibacter
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