Impairments of Social Motor Coordination in Schizophrenia

“These results suggest that examining intentional social motor coordination of patients might objectively and quantitatively assess abnormal social features that are not captured by the PANSS.”

“It is however important to note that the coordination dynamics observed in this laboratory task reflect the ones observed for example between hand, arm or postural movements in more ecological situations, which have been demonstrated as directly influencing the success of our social interactions [1–7,14].”

“More specifically, we assumed that the stability of the coordination could be decreased in schizophrenia because of either (i) a modification of their preferred frequency of movement due to their motor disorder [25–26] or (ii) a decrease in the strength of the perceptual coupling due to general impairments in attentio…”

“(1) to test whether a decrease of the strength or/and an increase of the time delay in the coupling function captured patients’ impairments of intentional social motor coordination [42–43].”

“Moreover, such abnormal movements may be the earliest sign of schizophrenia and be used as a marker for earlier diagnostics of this illness that affects almost one percent of the world population [10–13].”

“More particularly, mirror neuron system disorders, which corresponds to the brain area that may also moderate social motor coordination [47–48], may play a crucial role in such a deficit and in social interactions deficits in general [49–50].”

“It is however important to note that the coordination dynamics observed in this laboratory task reflect the ones observed for example between hand, arm or postural movements in more ecological situations, which have been demonstrated as directly influencing the success of our social interactions [1–7,14].”

“To further explore these hypotheses and determine how a decrease of the strength or/and a delay in the information transmission of patients could explain their impairments of intentional social motor coordination, we compared our phase shift results with those obtained in simulations of a coupled oscillator model that…”

“Although previously reported behavioral deficits in the schizophrenia [27–30] led to the expectation that we would see a decrease in unintentional coordination during visual interaction, our results did not show any differences between the schizophrenia group and the control group.”

“It is however important to note that the coordination dynamics observed in this laboratory task reflect the ones observed for example between hand, arm or postural movements in more ecological situations, which have been demonstrated as directly influencing the success of our social interactions [1–7,14].”

“Participants performed three trials for each pattern of coordination with the three different pendulum combinations (P2_P1, P1_P1 and P1_P2).”

“preferred frequencies are close to each other [18,22].”

“It is however important to note that the coordination dynamics observed in this laboratory task reflect the ones observed for example between hand, arm or postural movements in more ecological situations, which have been demonstrated as directly influencing the success of our social interactions [1–7,14].”

“, coordination of postural sways [16,20]), deficits of the movement itself as well as at the level of the visuo-motor control may be observed.”

“It is however important to note that the coordination dynamics observed in this laboratory task reflect the ones observed for example between hand, arm or postural movements in more ecological situations, which have been demonstrated as directly influencing the success of our social interactions [1–7,14].”

“These results extend previous research that indicates impairments of nonverbal behavior in schizophrenia and show that the movements of patients are abnormally coordinated while interacting with another individual [8–10,34].”

“Additionally, such a dissociation has also been reported for impairments of social processes [37,38].”

“supported by previous research showing slower reaction times in schizophrenia [41] and more specifically by anatomical correlates such as a degradation of the degree of myelination [42].”

“Furthermore, because social motor disorders may be the earliest sign of schizophrenia, such marker may allow earlier diagnostics and thus better patient management [10–12].”

“participants performed three 90 s trials each containing three 30 s segments completed continuously [15,31].”

“participants performed three 90 s trials each containing three 30 s segments completed continuously [15,31].”

“More particularly, mirror neuron system disorders, which corresponds to the brain area that may also moderate social motor coordination [47–48], may play a crucial role in such a deficit and in social interactions deficits in general [49–50].”

“Higher degrees of coordination were expected during visual interaction (second segment) and when participants used the same pendulums (P1_P1) in view of previous studies [15,18,31].”

“More particularly, mirror neuron system disorders, which corresponds to the brain area that may also moderate social motor coordination [47–48], may play a crucial role in such a deficit and in social interactions deficits in general [49–50].”

“It is however important to note that the coordination dynamics observed in this laboratory task reflect the ones observed for example between hand, arm or postural movements in more ecological situations, which have been demonstrated as directly influencing the success of our social interactions [1–7,14].”

“More specifically, we assumed that the stability of the coordination could be decreased in schizophrenia because of either (i) a modification of their preferred frequency of movement due to their motor disorder [25–26] or (ii) a decrease in the strength of the perceptual coupling due to general impairments in attentio…”

“Although previously reported behavioral deficits in the schizophrenia [27–30] led to the expectation that we would see a decrease in unintentional coordination during visual interaction, our results did not show any differences between the schizophrenia group and the control group.”

“More specifically, we assumed that the stability of the coordination could be decreased in schizophrenia because of either (i) a modification of their preferred frequency of movement due to their motor disorder [25–26] or (ii) a decrease in the strength of the perceptual coupling due to general impairments in attentio…”

“[56] to assess capacity to consent, each participant was asked three questions about the hypothetical study: (1) ‘‘What is the purpose of the study?’’ (2) ‘‘What are the risks?’’ and (3) Figure 2.”

“The twenty patients were matched with twenty matched control participants for age, sex, education and premorbid IQ, as estimated by the French adaptation of the National Adult Reading Test (fNART) [58] (all ps.”

“We computed then the phase shift or the deviation of the relative phasing from the intended pattern of 0u or 180u to further explore the stability of the intentional coordination and to determine which participant of the pair led within a cycle [22,33].”

“Although previously reported behavioral deficits in the schizophrenia [27–30] led to the expectation that we would see a decrease in unintentional coordination during visual interaction, our results did not show any differences between the schizophrenia group and the control group.”

“For example, it has been demonstrated that motor learning can be made more efficient with real-time feedback [53–55].”

“It has been demonstrated that patients suffering from schizophrenia have impairments of visual perception of biological motion that can be distinguished from their general visual perception deficits [46].”

“compared to explicit processes [35–36].”

“Furthermore, because social motor disorders may be the earliest sign of schizophrenia, such marker may allow earlier diagnostics and thus better patient management [10–12].”

“[22–23].”

“, coordination of postural sways [16,20]), deficits of the movement itself as well as at the level of the visuo-motor control may be observed.”

“These results extend previous research that indicates impairments of nonverbal behavior in schizophrenia and show that the movements of patients are abnormally coordinated while interacting with another individual [8–10,34].”

“supported by previous research showing slower reaction times in schizophrenia [41] and more specifically by anatomical correlates such as a degradation of the degree of myelination [42].”

“In addition, their stability depends also on the strength of the perceptual coupling linking two people, which is mediated by how the actors visually attend to the movements of each other [22–24].”

“compared to explicit processes [35–36].”

“These results extend previous research that indicates impairments of nonverbal behavior in schizophrenia and show that the movements of patients are abnormally coordinated while interacting with another individual [8–10,34].”

“These results extend previous research that indicates impairments of nonverbal behavior in schizophrenia and show that the movements of patients are abnormally coordinated while interacting with another individual [8–10,34].”

“Although no investigations to our knowledge have yet explored the learning and rehabilitation of social motor coordination, previous research that has examined motor learning may provide interesting research directions [51– 53].”

“Additionally, such a dissociation has also been reported for impairments of social processes [37,38].”

“(Note: Convention comparable with Varlet et al., 2012; −0.1 indicates parent should lead, +0.1 indicates child should lead.) between groups (p = 0.4) but the slopes were significantly different (p < 0.001).”

“…þ u22x2 ¼ h2ðA2 þ B2½x2 x1 Þð _x2 _x1Þ (3b) Parameter hi (for the present purposes we take 0<hi <1) serves to scale the coupling strength inflicted on component i (for related modeling strategies in this context, see De Poel, 2016; Kelso, de Guzman, Reveley, & Tognoli, 2009; Varlet et al., 2012).”

“2012; Trevarthen and Daniel 2005), and schizophrenia (Condon and Ogston 1967; Varlet et al. 2012).”

“experimental setting [22], and with unintentional social coordination in a triadic setting involving one patient and two healthy interactants [36,53].”