Sleep Improves Memory: The Effect of Sleep on Long Term Memory in Early Adolescence
Open accessAbstract
Sleep plays an important role in the consolidation of memory. This has been most clearly shown in adults for procedural memory (i.e. skills and procedures) and declarative memory (e.g. recall of facts). The effects of sleep and memory are relatively unstudied in adolescents. Declarative memory is important in school performance and consequent social functioning in adolescents. This is the first study to specifically examine the effects of normal sleep on auditory declarative memory in an early adolescent sample. Given that the majority of adolescents do not obtain the recommended amount of sleep, it is critical to study the cognitive effects of normal sleep. Forty male and female normal, healthy adolescents between the ages of ten and fourteen years old were randomly assigned to sleep and no sleep conditions. Subjects were trained on a paired-associate declarative memory task and a control working memory task at 9 am, and tested at night (12 hours later) without sleep. The same number of subjects was trained at 9 pm and tested 9 am following sleep. An increase of 20.6% in declarative memory, as measured by the number correct in a paired-associate test, following sleep was observed compared to the group which was tested at the same time interval without sleep (p<0.03). The performance on the control working memory task that involved encoding and memoranda manipulation was not affected by time of day or relationship to sleep. Declarative memory is significantly improved by sleep in a sample of normal adolescents.
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Several other studies demonstrated profits from sleep in children aged 7-14 for word memories and integration of novel words into lexical knowledge.
“Similarly, several other studies demonstrated profits from sleep in children between 7 and 14 years of age for word memories as well as for the integration of novel words into lexical knowledge (141, 530, 945).”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [945]
The Methods (Participants and Procedures; page unavailable) describe 10–14-year-olds learning word pairs, and the Results report better recall after sleep. The paper does not report integration of novel words into lexical knowledge, and its own participants did not span the stated 7–14 age range. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Potkin, K. T., & Bunney, W. E.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Potkin, Katya Trudeau
- Bunney, William E.
- ORCID
- Bunney, William E.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2012-08-07
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e42191
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3413705
- OpenAlex
- W2001633314
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
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- FWCI
- 2.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- sleep, memory consolidation, declarative memory, auditory memory, adolescents, paired-associate learning, working memory, sleep deprivation, circadian timing, cognitive development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Demography, Female, Humans, Male, Sleep, Memory, Long-Term
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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