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Cited by 79Sleep and related disordersCircadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

Late bedtimes weaken school performance and predispose adolescents to health hazards

Merikanto, Ilona, Lahti, Tuuli, Puusniekka, Riikka, Partonen, Timo·2013·Sleep Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.06.009
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Abstract

Study objectives Our study explored if bedtimes influenced school performance and motivation, as well as the odds ratio (OR) for health-related concerns in adolescents.Methods The School Health Promotion Study was based on an anonymous self-report questionnaire conducted in 90% of the municipalities in Finland. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2010 in Southern Finland, Eastern Finland, and Lapland, and during 2009 and 2011 in Western Finland, Northern Finland, and Åland. Several indicators were used to measure school performance and motivation. Accidents and health-related complaints, such as depressive symptoms, sleep quality, neck or shoulder pains, lower back pains, stomachaches, anxiety or nervousness, irritation or tantrums, headaches, and tiredness or dizziness were analyzed in relation to the usual bedtime. Our study had a relatively large sample size (N=384,076), consisting of students in the eighth and the ninth grades of secondary schools and the first and the second grades of upper secondary and vocational schools (ages 14-20 years) in Finland.Results All of the various indicators used to assess school performance and motivation suggest that the later the bedtime of adolescents, the lower their school performance and their motivation. Similarly later bedtimes increase the OR for depressive symptoms and other negative health consequences in adolescents as well as a tendency towards accidents. All of these problems were emphasized in students with bedtimes of 11:30 PM and later.Conclusions Late bedtimes, especially those after 11:30 PM, indicate poor sleep which deteriorates school performance and motivation and increases the OR for depressive symptoms and other health-related issues in adolescents.

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  • Most studies looking at the effects of sleep quality and duration on academic performance have linked longer and better-quality sleep with better academic performance such as school grades and study effort.

    “While a few studies report null effects,20,21 most studies looking at the effects of sleep quality and duration on academic performance have linked longer and better-quality sleep with better academic performance such as school grades and study effort.4,6,9–13,22–27”

    From Sleep quality, duration, and consistency are associated with better academic performance in college students (2019) · cites this paper as [22]

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Authors
Merikanto, I., Lahti, T., Puusniekka, R., & Partonen, T.
Affiliations
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
  • University of Turku (FI)
  • Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
Corresponding author
Merikanto, Ilona
ORCID
Venue
Sleep Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-11
Volume
14
Issue
11
Pages
1105-1111
ISSN
1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.sleep.2013.06.009
OpenAlex
W2115642349
Cited by
79
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
FWCI
11.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
  • WOS
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
bedtime, sleep timing, academic performance, academic motivation, adolescents, depressive symptoms, sleep quality, accidents, neck and shoulder pain, low back pain, anxiety, fatigue, Finland
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Back Pain, Circadian Rhythm, Depression, Educational Status, Female, Finland, Health Promotion, Health Status, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Motivation, Pain, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Logistic Models, Neck Pain, Shoulder Pain, Young Adult

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