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Marine N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Asians: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Prospective cohort studies in relation to the associations between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) were inconsistent. Differences in tissue n-3 PUFA compositions in subjects with and without T2D were also inconsistent in both cohort and case-control studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to examine the associations of fish and n-3 PUFA intake with T2D risk. The differences in tissue n-3 PUFA compositions in subjects with and without T2D were investigated based on cohort and case-control studies. METHODS AND FINDINGS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese VIP database up to January 2012 was used to identify relevant studies, and reference lists from retrieved studies were reviewed. Two authors independently extracted the data. Random-effects models were used to pool the summary relative risk (RR). Twenty-four studies including 24,509 T2D patients and 545,275 participants were identified. For cohort studies, the summary RR of T2D for the highest vs lowest categories of total fish, marine n-3 PUFA and alpha-linolenic acid intake was 1.07 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.25), 1.07 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.20) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.07), respectively. Subgroup analyses indicated that summary RR (highest vs lowest category) of T2D for fish and marine n-3 PUFA intake was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.98) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.96) for Asian populations, and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.44) and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.28) for Western populations. Asian subjects with T2D had significantly lower tissue compositions of C22:6n-3 (SMD: -1.43; 95% CI: -1.75, -1.12) and total n-3 PUFA (SMD: -1.41; 95% CI: -2.23, -0.59) compared with those without T2D. CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that marine n-3 PUFA have beneficial effects on the prevention of T2D in Asian populations.
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“Fish and omega-3 intake also have little association with diabetes risk, although protective associations are seen in Asian populations209-211 and fish oil supplementation modestly raises adiponectin.212”
From Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review (2016) · cites this paper as [209]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zheng, J.-S., Huang, T., Yang, J., Fu, Y.-Q., & Li, D.
- Affiliations
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Duo
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2012-09-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e44525
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3439396
- OpenAlex
- W2074950966
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (973 Program, 2011CB504002, 30972464)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (30972464, 2011CB504002)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, omega-3 fatty acids, marine fatty acids, fish consumption, alpha-linolenic acid, dietary intake, tissue fatty acid composition, Asian populations, Western populations, docosahexaenoic acid, EPA, diabetes risk, prospective cohort, subgroup analysis by ethnicity, omega-3 supplementation, diabetes remission, glycemic control
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Female, Fish Oils, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk, Cohort Studies, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Case-Control Studies, Asian People
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