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Pronounced Effects of Acute Endurance Exercise on Gene Expression in Resting and Exercising Human Skeletal Muscle
Open accessAbstract
Regular physical activity positively influences whole body energy metabolism and substrate handling in exercising muscle. While it is recognized that the effects of exercise extend beyond exercising muscle, it is unclear to what extent exercise impacts non-exercising muscles. Here we investigated the effects of an acute endurance exercise bouts on gene expression in exercising and non-exercising human muscle. To that end, 12 male subjects aged 44-56 performed one hour of one-legged cycling at 50% W(max). Muscle biopsies were taken from the exercising and non-exercising leg before and immediately after exercise and analyzed by microarray. One-legged cycling raised plasma lactate, free fatty acids, cortisol, noradrenalin, and adrenalin levels. Surprisingly, acute endurance exercise not only caused pronounced gene expression changes in exercising muscle but also in non-exercising muscle. In the exercising leg the three most highly induced genes were all part of the NR4A family. Remarkably, many genes induced in non-exercising muscle were PPAR targets or related to PPAR signalling, including PDK4, ANGPTL4 and SLC22A5. Pathway analysis confirmed this finding. In conclusion, our data indicate that acute endurance exercise elicits pronounced changes in gene expression in non-exercising muscle, which are likely mediated by changes in circulating factors such as free fatty acids. The study points to a major influence of exercise beyond the contracting muscle.
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“Although it is upregulated by SkM after aerobic or resistance exercise [171,172,196], surprisingly, an even greater degree of ANGPTL4 mRNA expression was found in the portion of SkM that remained inactive during the bout of exercise compared with the active SkM [172,196], representing a mechanism to redistribute FFA delivery from unexercised to exercised SkM.”
From The Role of Exercise in the Interplay between Myokines, Hepatokines, Osteokines, Adipokines, and Modulation of Inflammation for Energy Substrate Redistribution and Fat Mass Loss: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [196]
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“Although it is upregulated by SkM after aerobic or resistance exercise [171,172,196], surprisingly, an even greater degree of ANGPTL4 mRNA expression was found in the portion of SkM that remained inactive during the bout of exercise compared with the active SkM [172,196], representing a mechanism to redistribute FFA delivery from unexercised to exercised SkM.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Catoire, M., Mensink, M., Boekschoten, M. V., Hangelbroek, R., Müller, M., Schrauwen, P., & Kersten, S.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Kersten, Sander
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2012-11-30
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e51066
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3511348
- OpenAlex
- W2098809392
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10
- FWCI
- 9.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Keywords
- acute endurance exercise, skeletal muscle gene expression, PPAR signaling, PDK4, ANGPTL4, SLC22A5, free fatty acids, circulating factors, plasma lactate, cortisol, norepinephrine, energy metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Gene Expression Regulation, Heart Rate, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Insulin, Leg, Male, Middle Aged, Norepinephrine, Physical Endurance, Rest, Transcription Factors, Exercise, Up-Regulation, Muscle, Skeletal, Gene Regulatory Networks
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