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Chronic Alcohol-Induced microRNA-155 Contributes to Neuroinflammation in a TLR4-Dependent Manner in Mice

Lippai, Dora, Bala, Shashi, Csak, Timea, Kurt-Jones, Evelyn A., Szabo, Gyongyi·2013·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070945PMC PMC3739772
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Figure 1 Pro-inflammatory cytokines and microRNAs are increased in alcohol-induced brain injury. WT mice were fed with control (PF, n = 7) or EtOH (n = 8) diet for 5 weeks. Inflammatory cytokines, TNFα (A), MCP1 (B) and IL-1β (C) were measured by specific ELISAs on whole cerebellar lysates, and corrected with total protein. Various microRNAs (125b, 132, 146a, 155) were measured by real-time PCR on whole cerebellar miRNA extract and corrected with snoRNA202 (D). Bars represent mean±SEM (*: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF controls by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).
Figure 1 Pro-inflammatory cytokines and microRNAs are increased in alcohol-induced brain injury. WT mice were fed with control (PF, n = 7) or EtOH (n = 8) diet for 5 weeks. Inflammatory cytokines, TNFα (A), MCP1 (B) and IL-1β (C) were measured by specific ELISAs on whole cerebellar lysates, and corrected with total protein. Various microRNAs (125b, 132, 146a, 155) were measured by real-time PCR on whole cerebellar miRNA extract and corrected with snoRNA202 (D). Bars represent mean±SEM (*: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF controls by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 MicroRNA-155 deficiency protects from alcohol-induced TNFα and MCP1 in mouse cerebellum. WT (n = 6 or 7) or miR-155-KO (n = 5 or 10) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα (A) and MCP1 (C) mRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar RNA extract and corrected with 18S. TNFα (B) and MCP1 (D) proteins of whole cerebellar lysates were measured by specific ELISAs and corrected with total protein. Bars represent mean±SEM (*, #: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, respectively, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).
Figure 2 MicroRNA-155 deficiency protects from alcohol-induced TNFα and MCP1 in mouse cerebellum. WT (n = 6 or 7) or miR-155-KO (n = 5 or 10) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα (A) and MCP1 (C) mRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar RNA extract and corrected with 18S. TNFα (B) and MCP1 (D) proteins of whole cerebellar lysates were measured by specific ELISAs and corrected with total protein. Bars represent mean±SEM (*, #: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, respectively, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 MicroRNA-155 KO mice are not protected from alcohol-induced IL-1β increase in the cerebellum. WT (n = 6 or 7) or miR-155-KO (n = 5 or 10) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β was measured by specific ELISA on whole cerebellar lysates and corrected with total protein (A). Mature IL-1β protein of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by Western blot using β-actin as loading control (B), and further quantified by densitometry (C) which represents six to ten samples per group. The inflammasome activity was measured by caspase-1 colorimetric assay from whole cerebellar lysates and corrected with total protein (D). Pro-IL-1β mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar RNA extract, corrected with 18S (E). Bars represent mean±SEM (*, #: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, respectively, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).
Figure 3 MicroRNA-155 KO mice are not protected from alcohol-induced IL-1β increase in the cerebellum. WT (n = 6 or 7) or miR-155-KO (n = 5 or 10) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β was measured by specific ELISA on whole cerebellar lysates and corrected with total protein (A). Mature IL-1β protein of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by Western blot using β-actin as loading control (B), and further quantified by densitometry (C) which represents six to ten samples per group. The inflammasome activity was measured by caspase-1 colorimetric assay from whole cerebellar lysates and corrected with total protein (D). Pro-IL-1β mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar RNA extract, corrected with 18S (E). Bars represent mean±SEM (*, #: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, respectively, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 MicroRNA-155 deficiency protects from alcohol-induced NFκB activation in mouse cerebellum. WT (n = 6 or 7) or miR-155-KO (n = 5 or 10) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. NF-κB activity of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by EMSA for NF-κB (A–B) and supershift with anti-p65 antibody (C–D), loading equal amounts of protein, using EtOH-fed cerebellar sample for cold competition control (ctr), and further quantified by densitometry. Phosphorylated-p65 (E–F) and total-p65 (G–H) protein of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by Western blot, using β-actin as loading control, and further quantified by densitometry which represents six to ten samples per group. Bars represent mean±SEM (*, #: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, respectively, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).
Figure 4 MicroRNA-155 deficiency protects from alcohol-induced NFκB activation in mouse cerebellum. WT (n = 6 or 7) or miR-155-KO (n = 5 or 10) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. NF-κB activity of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by EMSA for NF-κB (A–B) and supershift with anti-p65 antibody (C–D), loading equal amounts of protein, using EtOH-fed cerebellar sample for cold competition control (ctr), and further quantified by densitometry. Phosphorylated-p65 (E–F) and total-p65 (G–H) protein of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by Western blot, using β-actin as loading control, and further quantified by densitometry which represents six to ten samples per group. Bars represent mean±SEM (*, #: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, respectively, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Induction of microRNA-155 is TLR4 dependent in alcohol-fed mouse cerebellum. WT (n = 8 or 7) and TLR4-KO (n = 8 or 13) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. MiR-155 (A) was assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar miRNA extract, corrected with snoRNA202. Phosphorylated-p65 (B–C) and total-p65 (D–E) protein of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by Western blot, using β-actin as loading control, and further quantified by densitometry which represents six to twelve samples per group. Bars represent mean±SEM (*: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).
Figure 5 Induction of microRNA-155 is TLR4 dependent in alcohol-fed mouse cerebellum. WT (n = 8 or 7) and TLR4-KO (n = 8 or 13) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. MiR-155 (A) was assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar miRNA extract, corrected with snoRNA202. Phosphorylated-p65 (B–C) and total-p65 (D–E) protein of whole cerebellar lysates was assessed by Western blot, using β-actin as loading control, and further quantified by densitometry which represents six to twelve samples per group. Bars represent mean±SEM (*: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Induction of microRNA-155 is TLR4-dependent in microglia. WT (n = 8 or 7) and TLR4-KO (n = 8 or 13) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Microglia markers, Iba1 (A) and CD-68 (B), were assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar RNA extract, and corrected with 18S. WT mouse immortalized microglia cells incubated with or without 50 mM ethanol for 6 days were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 18 hours. MiR-155 was assessed by real-time PCR of cellular miRNA extracts, corrected with snoRNA202 (C). Primary microglia cells were isolated from WT (n = 10 or 9) mice, fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Prior to plating, cells were pooled from two brains. Mouse primary microglia cells were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 18 hours. Microglia from pair-fed mice was also challenged with 50 mM ethanol in vitro for 18 hours. MiR-155 was assessed by real-time PCR of cellular miRNA extracts, corrected with snoRNA202 (D). Bars represent mean±SEM (*: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).
Figure 6 Induction of microRNA-155 is TLR4-dependent in microglia. WT (n = 8 or 7) and TLR4-KO (n = 8 or 13) mice were fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Microglia markers, Iba1 (A) and CD-68 (B), were assessed by real-time PCR from whole cerebellar RNA extract, and corrected with 18S. WT mouse immortalized microglia cells incubated with or without 50 mM ethanol for 6 days were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 18 hours. MiR-155 was assessed by real-time PCR of cellular miRNA extracts, corrected with snoRNA202 (C). Primary microglia cells were isolated from WT (n = 10 or 9) mice, fed with control (PF) or EtOH diet for 5 weeks, respectively. Prior to plating, cells were pooled from two brains. Mouse primary microglia cells were stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 18 hours. Microglia from pair-fed mice was also challenged with 50 mM ethanol in vitro for 18 hours. MiR-155 was assessed by real-time PCR of cellular miRNA extracts, corrected with snoRNA202 (D). Bars represent mean±SEM (*: p value<0.05 relative to appropriate PF or WT controls, by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test).CC BY · PubMed Central

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 29

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Metadata

Authors
Lippai, D., Bala, S., Csak, T., Kurt-Jones, E. A., & Szabo, G.
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2013-08-09
Volume
8
Issue
8
Pages
e70945
ISSN
1932-6203
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0070945
PMC
PMC3739772
Cited by
129
References
6
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)

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