Prevalence and associated positive psychological variables of depression and anxiety among Chinese cervical cancer patients: a cross-sectional study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of depression and anxiety and its associated factors in cervical cancer are not well evaluated in China. Meanwhile, with increasing attention given to positive psychological variables in oncology field, there is a need to conduct a study to explore the integrative effects of positive psychological variables on depression/anxiety so as to provide patients a more holistic cancer care. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression/anxiety as well as the integrative effects of hope, optimism and general self-efficacy on depression/anxiety among Chinese cervical cancer patients. METHODS: A multi-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted of consecutive inpatients at the Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute and the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University in Liaoning Province, northeast China. A total of 224 cervical cancer patients eligible for this study completed questionnaires on demographic and clinic variables, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Herth Hope Index, Life Orientation Scale-Revised, and General Self-Efficacy Scale during February and August 2013. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression and anxiety was 52.2% and 65.6% in cervical cancer patients. The anxiety score was significantly higher in patients at the period of 4-6 months after diagnose and at cancer stage II. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that hope, optimism and general self-efficacy as a whole accounted for 31.3% variance of depression and 35.6% variance of anxiety. Under standardized estimate (β) sequence, hope, optimism and general self-efficacy significantly associated with depression, respectively; hope and optimism were also significant individual predictors of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of depression and anxiety among cervical cancer patients should receive more attention in Chinese medical settings. More importantly, efforts to develop the integrated psychosocial interventions are effective and necessary to alleviate depression/anxiety in cervical cancer patients by synthesizing and integrating the individual protective effects of hope, optimism and general self-efficacy.
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Hope is negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among cancer patients.
“For instance, hope is negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among cancer patients [19–22].”
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“Surgery or CCRT may cause a number of disagreeable adverse effects, often largely decreasing QoL and influencing the risk of depression.(24,38,39) Depressed patients might experience more severe cancerrelated symptoms, endure more functional impairment, use”
BackgroundExploring Iranian women’s perceptions and experiences regarding cervical cancer-preventive behaviors
Khazaee-Pool, M., Yargholi, F., Jafari, F. M., & Ponnet, K. S. (2018) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-018-0635-8 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Miao, L., Feng, J., Wu, L., Zhang, S., Ge, Z., & Pan, Y. (2016) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-016-0227-7 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“The Chinese GSES has also been adapted to Chinese patients with good reliability and validity [34, 35].”
MethodWang, N., Wang, S., Qian, H.-Z., Ruan, Y., Amico, K. R., Vermund, S. H., Yin, L., Qiu, X., & Zheng, S. (2019) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2018.1549721 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Li, Q., Liu, L., Gu, Z., Li, M., Liu, C., & Wu, H. L. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04792-y · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Horsbøl, T. A., Kjær, S. K., Johansen, C., Suppli, N. P., Ammitzbøll, G., Frøding, L. P., Lajer, H., & Dalton, S. O. (2019) · Gynecologic Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.259 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The prevalence of depressive disorder and its association in Thai cervical cancer patients
Karawekpanyawong, N., Kaewkitikul, K., Maneeton, B., Maneeton, N., & Siriaree, S. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252779 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“0% of most prior studies [6,8,10,14,15,17,18], whereas this rate is higher than 4.”
BackgroundMethodD’Souza, J. M., Zvolensky, M. J., Smith, B. H., & Gallagher, M. W. (2020) · Journal of Well-Being Assessment · doi:10.1007/s41543-021-00037-5 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Aquil, A., Kherchi, O. E., Azmaoui, N. E., Mouallif, M., Guerroumi, M., Benider, A., & Elgot, A. (2021) · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102278 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Jaafar, N. R. N., Hamid, N. A., Hamdan, N. A., Rajandram, R. K., Mahadevan, R., Yunus, M. R. M., ZAKARIA, R. H., & Abdullah, M. F. I. L. B. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716674 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The prevalence of anxiety symptoms/disorders in cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Amiri, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1422540 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Yang, Y., Cui, M., Zhao, X., Wang, S., Wang, Y., & Wang, X. (2023) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-023-01259-z · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“GSE The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was employed to assess GSE [21, 22], which consists of 10 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = “not at all true” to 4 = “exactly true”).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationLong, Q., Guo, J., Zhong, Q., Jiang, S., Wiley, J. A., & Chen, J. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.15648 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Belay, W., Kaba, M., Labisso, W. L., Wondemagegnehu, T., Sahile, Z., Zergaw, A., Ejigu, A., Baheretibeb, Y., Gufue, Z. H., & Haileselassie, W. (2021) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-021-06508-y · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Depression and anxiety are the forms of common mental health disorders experienced by cancer patients [5].”
BackgroundTang, Z., Guo, Z., Zhou, L., Xue, S., Zhu, Q., & Zhu, H. (2016) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph13111076 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Gu, Z., Qiu, T., Tian, F., Yang, S., & Wu, H. L. (2020) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s232635 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“The GSES was widely used in Chinese populations.(34,35) The scale consists of 10 items, and according to the personal feelings of the respondents, every item was answered with a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 “completely incorrect” to 4 “completely correct”.”
MethodZhang, A. (2021) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/10497315211062508 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Rai, R., Nahar, M., Jat, D., Gupta, N., & Mishra, S. K. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.1042663 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Cervical cancer patients showed the prevalence of depression and anxiety at about 52 and 66% respectively (Yang et al., 2014).”
BackgroundRisk of depression following uterine cancer: A nationwide population‐based study
Chen, C., Yang, Y., Lee, C., Wang, T., Cheng, B., Huang, Y., Chen, P., Liang, S. H., Dewey, M. E., & Chen, V. C. (2016) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.4360 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Most demographic variables do not influence risk of depression in the patients with cervical cancer.(16) However, we found young age, and without menopausal disorder had significantly higher risk of developing depression in uterine cancer patients.”
BackgroundSelf-citationD’Souza, J. M., Long, L. J., Richardson, A. L., & Gallagher, M. W. (2023) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.23075 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Effect of guided imagery relaxation on anxiety in cervical cancer: randomized clinical trial
Santana, E. D. O., Silva, L. D. S., da Silva, L. A. A., Lemos, J. L. D. A., Marcondes, L., Guimarães, P. R. B., & Kalinke, L. P. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0874 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“…bladder, urinary, gastrointestinal, lymphedema, pain, anxiety (with variable prevalence ranging from 20 to 65%), depression, low self-esteem, fear, body image disturbances, social isolation, and marital tension, which are among the most frequent issues experienced by these women (3,5-6) .”
BackgroundCui, C., Li, Y., & Wang, L. (2020) · JCR Journal of Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1097/rhu.0000000000001280 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“The Chinese version of HHS has shown adequate test-retest reliability and validity in chronic patients.(35) The HHS showed good reliability (α coefficient = 0.”
Herth Hope Index: A Psychometric Evaluation Study within a Sample of Greek Patients with Cancer
Nikoloudi, M., Tsilika, E., Parpa, E., Kostopoulou, S., Tentolouris, A., Psarros, C., Mantoudi, A., & Mystakidou, K. (2021) · Indian Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.25259/ijpc_364_20 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“[6] Hope is especially important for people’s mental well-being, as it acts as a protective mechanism against stress and disease, and as a pre-requisite for effective response to treatment.”
Widyastuty, A., Efffendy, E., & Amin, M. M. (2019) · Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.473 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Cervical cancer is a severe and potentially life-threatening illness, which has adverse effects on the physical and psychological well-being of patients [1].”
BackgroundXu, X., & Li, M. (2024) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16375 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Shen, Z., Fang, Y., Li, C., Luo, X., Cui, J., Liu, Y., & Hong, J. (2025) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.70868 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“The Chinese adaptation of the scale was conducted by Yang et al. and has been widely used in China with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87 [28].”
InfluentialEndeshaw, D., Walle, T. A., & Yohannes, S. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063965 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Nuzhath, F. J., Patil, N. J., Sheela, S. R., & Manjunath, G. N. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.55871 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“So depression and anxiety are at higher levels in cervical cancer patients [17].”
BackgroundIshimwe, A. B., Kaufman, J., Uwamahoro, D., Wall, J. T., Herth, K., Chang, E., Ngirabega, J. D. D., & Leonard, W. (2020) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-020-01537-3 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Although a lack of hope is associated with depression and anxiety, hope as a multidimensional concept represents more than the absence of clinically-relevant depressive and anxious symptoms [11, 12].”
BackgroundMa, C., Shang, J., Zhang, L., Chen, J., Qian, K., & Zhou, J.-Y. (2025) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i4.103510 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hope and Distress Symptoms of Oncology Patients in a Palliative Care Setting
Nikoloudi, M., Tsilika, E., Kostopoulou, S., & Mystakidou, K. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.38041 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“A relationship between hope, self-esteem, and life satisfaction has also been noted [6,7].”
BackgroundDevelopment of humanistic nursing practice guidelines for stroke patients
Li, M., Yugui, J., Yang, Z., & Xie, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.915472 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Additionally, a spectrum of mental disorders and severe psychiatric conditions may develop after a stroke that can lead to self-harm, suicide, or other social issues, significantly affecting patients’ quality of life (6, 7) and imposing a heavy burden both on their family and society (4, 8).”
BackgroundTingting, P., Xun, D., Jun, W., Shu, D., & Zhang, S. (2024) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1155/2024/5562751 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Te Chinese version of the GSES has shown good reliability and validity for Chinese adults [20, 21].”
BackgroundRelationship Between Defense Mechanisms and the Quality of Life in Women With Breast Cancer
Talepasand, S., & Mahfar, F. (2018) · International Journal of Cancer Management · doi:10.5812/ijcm.11116 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Moreover, anxiety is higher at the period of 4 - 6 months after diagnosis (7).”
BackgroundPain in High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Becerra, Á. I. L., Jiménez-Gil, M., Federico, M., Domínguez-Díaz, Y., Valencia, L., & Rodríguez, A. (2023) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm13081187 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“It has been reported that the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from uterine cervical cancer is around 52% and 66%, respectively [31].”
BackgroundYang, Y., Li, M., Liu, L., & Wang, L. (2018) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-018-4081-9 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, J., Qi, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., & Huang, X. (2024) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-024-03234-5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Moreover, the results of several other studies indicated that anxiety and depression may be associated with advanced disease or decreased survival in cervical cancer patients [15, 44–47].”
ResultTung, H., Lin, Y., Kao, C., & Wu, S.-F. (2017) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000000479 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Predictors of quality of life among older patients with cancer during treatment
Malak, M. Z., Tawalbeh, L. I., & Sharour, L. M. A. (2018) · Journal of research in nursing · doi:10.1177/1744987118785939 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Dreidi, M. M., Asmar, I., & Rjoub, B. A. (2017) · Health Science Journal · doi:10.21767/1791-809x.1000474 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Previous studies have also found that the majority of their sample of patients with cancer had moderate to severe depression that corresponds with the findings in this study [19,42].”
ResultWang, J., Wu, Y.-F., Zhou, J., Li, S.-M., & She, L.-P. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-59885-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Reversal of postoperative breast cancer metastasis by the use of embedded hydrogel
Yu, Z. (2024) · American Journal of Translational Research · doi:10.62347/vzaw2270 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Depression and health‐related quality of life among Cambodian patients with cancer
Vorn, R., Touch, S., & Ryu, E. (2019) · The International Journal of Health Planning and Management · doi:10.1002/hpm.2888 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Jurišová, E., Pivková, L., Ráczová, L., Sollár, T., & Romanová, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1151027 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“The perspective of hope and optimism are two different constructs presented in several other studies (Yang et al., 2014; Rand, 2018; Wider et al., 2022).”
BackgroundMethodHope and Anxiety: A Meta‐analytic Review
Richardson, A. L., Long, L. J., & Gallagher, M. W. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.70068 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Studies examining hope and optimism concurrently found that not only are they best modeled as distinct latent constructs, but they are uniquely linked to components of well ‐ being, depression, and anxiety (Gallagher and Lopez 2009; Yang et al. 2014).”
Abbas, Q., Kanwal, U., Khan, M. U., Saeed, W., Shahzadi, M., & Admin (2020) · Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association · doi:10.47391/jpma.1013 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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Stress and fear in women living with cancer: An argumentation towards the adaptation theory
Sari, N. P. W. P. (2020) · International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) · doi:10.11591/ijphs.v9i3.20413 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“at stage II of the disease which may be predicted by hope and optimism; in the other hand, depression was also correlated with hope, optimism, and general self-efficacy [30].”
BackgroundWomen experience with newly diagnosed cervical cancer in Indonesia
Nastiti, A. A., Pradanie, R., Susanti, E., & Tristiana, R. D. (2020) · Médecine Palliative · doi:10.1016/j.medpal.2019.08.012 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jin, X.-H., Liu, X.-M., & Huang, H.-Y. (2025) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-025-03323-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Patients with CIN grade 3 certainly experience anxiety, which is normal, especially for women [60–62].”
The sexuality of women with cervical cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy in Ghana
Kyei, K. A., Daniels, J., Broni, R., Anim-Sampong, S., Kitson-Mills, D., Amoabeng, K. A., Tackie, J. N. O., Obeng-Mensah, T., Scott, P. A. A., & Owusu, A. B. (2023) · Radiography · doi:10.1016/j.radi.2023.11.024 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Teshale, M. M., Kebede, W. M., Sahilu, W. T., Wondmu, K. S., Ayele, H., Ayenew, T., Mekonen, G. B., Gete, M., Laikemariam, M., Mihiret, G. T., et al. (2026) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-026-08211-w · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Although this is not a meta-analysis, the study on Chinese cervical patients reported a depression prevalence of 65.6%, suggesting our overall pooled prevalence is lower than this individual figure [1].”
InfluentialAlegbeleye, J. O., & Biyi-Olutunde, O. A. (2023) · Journal of Biosciences and Medicines · doi:10.4236/jbm.2023.117009 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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Surviving Cervical Cancer: Experiences of Women in the Accra Metropolis
Hobenu, K. A. (2015) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Han, Z., Fang, Y., Lin, J., Wu, T., & Ma, X. (2025) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-025-01934-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Life orientation averaged 14.13 ± 4.82, below a cervical cancer comparator (19.86 ± 3.03) [24]; social support averaged 33.58 ± 8.00, lower than SDMs of hematologic malignancies (40.33 ± 6.78) [23]; illness uncertainty averaged 57.21 ± 14.87, lower than oncology caregiver reports (66.43 ± 12.54)…”
InfluentialXie, Z.-J., Zhang, H., Ma, R., & Su, H.-L. (2025) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.111761 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Psychiatric morbidities in patients of carcinoma cervix
Srivastava, A. S., Shukla, A., Pandey, S., Asthana, A., Tripathi, M. N., Pandit, B., & Yadav, J. S. (2017) · Open Journal of Psychiatry & Allied Sciences · doi:10.5958/2394-2061.2018.00011.3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Lau et al,[20] have reported 86% patients in early stage and Yang et al.[21] have reported 70.”
BackgroundInfluentialKwete, X. J., Kane, K., Liu, Y., & Krakauer, E. L. (2023) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0001642 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zhao, M., Liu, D., Gao, M., Zhang, M., Ma, G.-Y., Ding, S.-R., Luo, L., Gu, R.-Y., Zhang, X.-L., & Li, Z. (2023) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102273 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“While anxiety and depression that are not recognized and treated promptly can lead to decreased patient treatment compliance, further affecting treatment outcomes (Yang et al., 2014).”
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Psychiatric Aspects of Obstetrics and Gynecology Patients
Ho, P. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99774-2_14 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Chowdhury, S. R., Bohara, A. K., & Drope, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Health Research · doi:10.1108/jhr-01-2021-0034 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Efeito do relaxamento com imagem guiada na ansiedade no câncer cervical: ensaio clínico randomizado
Santana, E. D. O., Silva, L. D. S., da Silva, L. A. A., Lemos, J. L. D. A., Marcondes, L., Guimarães, P. R. B., & Kalinke, L. P. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0874pt · Cited by 1 · see citing works
García, J. C., Maraver, F. M., Ríos‐Pena, L., Rubio, C., & Jiménez, I. R. (2023) · Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology · doi:10.1007/s40944-023-00753-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Vernon, M., Datta, B. K., & Coughlin, S. S. (2025) · Cancer Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.canep.2025.102795 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Moreira, E. C. D. M., Dendasck, C. V., de Aguiar, C. P., de Alencar, S. M. F., Pinheiro, D. N., de Oliveira, E., & Pinheiro, M. D. C. N. (2019) · Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento · doi:10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/saude/estrategias-psicoemocionais · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Validity of a questionnaire on self-efficacy for Pap test adherence screening
María Teresa Urrutia, S., & Padilla, O. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.979799 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Regarding cervical cancer (CC), its relationship with adherence to the human papillomavirus vaccine (13, 14), adherence to the Papanicolaou (Pap) test—also called Pap smear or Pap—and to colposcopy (15), to educational interventions (16–21) and to depressive symptoms in women with the disease (22) has been studied.”
BackgroundQUALIDADE DE VIDA, ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE COLO DO ÚTERO AVANÇADO
Oliveira, L. M. D. S., Barbosa, L. N. F., Filho, B. A. B. D. S., Figueirôa, J. N., de Mello, M. J. G., & de Azevedo, C. R. A. S. (2023) · Psicologia e Saúde em Debate · doi:10.22289/2446-922x.v9n1a27 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Nguyen, K. T., Chan, D. N. S., Cheung, A. T., Hoang, H. T. X., Anh, T. T., Chow, K. M., Choi, K. C., & Chan, C. W. H. (2025) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-025-09281-4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Body image and the level of stress in cervical cancer patients
Rejeki, S. T., Agustyaningrum, E., Macmudah, Khayati, N., Hartiti, T., Safitri, D. N. R. P., & Olina, Y. B. (2022) · Bali Medical Journal · doi:10.15562/bmj.v11i3.3769 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kačmár, P., Baranyiová, D., & Zentková, L. (2023) · Psychologie a její kontexty (Psychology & Its Contexts) · doi:10.15452/psyx.2022.13.0012 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ärztliches Handeln in der Psychoonkologie: zur Vermittlung von Hoffnung
Geiser, F. (2015) · Ärztliche Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin
- Authors
- Yang, Y.-L., Liu, L., Wang, X.-X., Wang, Y., & Wang, L.
- Affiliations
- China Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Lie
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-04-10
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e94804
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3983270
- OpenAlex
- W2072487399
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 3.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- China Medical University
- Shengjing Hospital
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Keywords
- cervical cancer, depression, anxiety, hope, optimism, general self-efficacy, prevalence, psychosocial interventions, Chinese patients, tumor stage, time since diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quality of Life, Prevalence, Self Efficacy, Young Adult, Hope
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