Ultrastructural analysis of Candida albicans when exposed to silver nanoparticles
Open accessAbstract
Candida albicans is the most common fungal pathogen in humans, and recently some studies have reported the antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against some Candida species. However, ultrastructural analyses on the interaction of AgNPs with these microorganisms have not been reported. In this work we evaluated the effect of AgNPs on C. albicans, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to have a fungicidal effect. The IC50 was also determined, and the use of AgNPs with fluconazole (FLC), a fungistatic drug, reduced cell proliferation. In order to understand how AgNPs interact with living cells, the ultrastructural distribution of AgNPs in this fungus was determined. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed a high accumulation of AgNPs outside the cells but also smaller nanoparticles (NPs) localized throughout the cytoplasm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis confirmed the presence of intracellular silver. From our results it is assumed that AgNPs used in this study do not penetrate the cell, but instead release silver ions that infiltrate into the cell leading to the formation of NPs through reduction by organic compounds present in the cell wall and cytoplasm.
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AgNPs can accumulate outside the Candida cell surface, interact with cell wall components and release ionic silver leading to cell death.
“AgNPs can also accumulate outside the Candida cell surface, interact with cell wall components and in the process release ionic silver leading to cell death [80].”
From Antifungal therapy of Candida biofilms: Past, present and future (2023) · cites this paper as [80]
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- Authors
- Vazquez-Muñoz, R., Avalos-Borja, M., & Castro-Longoria, E.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-10-07
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- e108876
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4188582
- OpenAlex
- W1981370160
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, silver nanoparticles, antifungal activity, ultrastructure, nanoparticle uptake, silver ions, fluconazole, fungicidal activity, minimum inhibitory concentration, nanoparticle cytotoxicity
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Candida albicans, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Silver, Silver Compounds, Metal Nanoparticles
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