Unique Dental Morphology of Homo floresiensis and Its Evolutionary Implications
Open accessAbstract
Homo floresiensis is an extinct, diminutive hominin species discovered in the Late Pleistocene deposits of Liang Bua cave, Flores, eastern Indonesia. The nature and evolutionary origins of H. floresiensis' unique physical characters have been intensively debated. Based on extensive comparisons using linear metric analyses, crown contour analyses, and other trait-by-trait morphological comparisons, we report here that the dental remains from multiple individuals indicate that H. floresiensis had primitive canine-premolar and advanced molar morphologies, a combination of dental traits unknown in any other hominin species. The primitive aspects are comparable to H. erectus from the Early Pleistocene, whereas some of the molar morphologies are more progressive even compared to those of modern humans. This evidence contradicts the earlier claim of an entirely modern human-like dental morphology of H. floresiensis, while at the same time does not support the hypothesis that H. floresiensis originated from a much older H. habilis or Australopithecus-like small-brained hominin species currently unknown in the Asian fossil record. These results are however consistent with the alternative hypothesis that H. floresiensis derived from an earlier Asian Homo erectus population and experienced substantial body and brain size dwarfism in an isolated insular setting. The dentition of H. floresiensis is not a simple, scaled-down version of earlier hominins.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Elliptic Fourier features of a closed contour
Kuhl, F. P., & Giardina, C. R. (1982) · Computer Graphics and Image Processing · doi:10.1016/0146-664x(82)90034-x · Cited by 1,892 · see citing works
Encyclopedia of Measurement and Statistics
Salkind, N. J. (2007) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412952644 · Cited by 1,425 · see citing works
A new small-bodied hominin from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia.
Brown, P., Sutikna, T., Morwood, M. J., Soejono, R. P., Jatmiko, Wayhu Saptomo, E., & Awe Due, R. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02999 · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
Self-citationIwata, H. (2002) · Journal of Heredity · doi:10.1093/jhered/93.5.384 · Cited by 797 · see citing works
An Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anatomy
(2002) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-02515-x · Cited by 733 · see citing works
The Anthropology of Modern Human Teeth
Scott, G. R., & Turner, C. G. (1997) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781316529843 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Evolution of early Homo : An integrated biological perspective
Antón, S. C., Potts, R., & Aiello, L. C. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1236828 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
The Nariokotome Homo erectus skeleton
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.31-4449 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
A Complete Skull from Dmanisi, Georgia, and the Evolutionary Biology of Early Homo
Lordkipanidze, D., de León, M. S. P., Margvelashvili, A., Rak, Y., Rightmire, G. P., Vekua, A., & Zollikofer, C. P. E. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1238484 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Further evidence for small-bodied hominins from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia
Morwood, M. J., Brown, P., Jatmiko, J., Sutikna, T., Saptomo, E. W., Westaway, K., Due, R. A., Roberts, R. G., Maeda, T., Wasisto, S., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04022 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Self-citationEarly Homo at 2.8 Ma from Ledi-Geraru, Afar, Ethiopia
Villmoare, B. A., Kimbel, W. H., Seyoum, C., Campisano, C. J., DiMaggio, E., Rowan, J., Braun, D. R., Arrowsmith, J. R., & Reed, K. E. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaa1343 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
The dentition of the Australopithecinae
Robinson, J. T. (1956) · Open University of Cape Town (University of Cape Town) · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Encyclopedia of Measurement and Statistics
Goodier, J. (2007) · Reference Reviews · doi:10.1108/09504120710838967 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
The dentition of Sinanthropus Pekinensis : a comparative odontography of the hominids
Weidenreich, F. (1937) · Geological Survey of China eBooks · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Morphology of Australopithecus anamensis from Kanapoi and Allia Bay, Kenya
Ward, C. V., Leakey, M. G., & Walker, A. (2001) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1006/jhev.2001.0507 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Martinón-Torres, M., Bermúdez de Castro, J. M., Gómez-Robles, A., Prado-Simón, L., & Arsuaga, J. L. (2012) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.08.007 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Wood, B., Abbott, S. A., & Uytterschaut, H. (1988) · PubMed · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Suwa, G., White, T. D., & Howell, F. C. (1996) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199610)101:2 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Wood, B., & Abbott, S. A. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Early Pleistocene 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages for Bapang Formation hominins, Central Jawa, Indonesia
Larick, R. R., Ciochon, R. L., Zaim, Y., Sudijono, Suminto, Rizal, Y., Aziz, F., Reagan, M. K., & Heizler, M. T. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.081077298 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Dental evidence on the hominin dispersals during the Pleistocene
Martinón‐Torres, M., de Castro, J. M. B., Gómez‐Robles, A., Arsuaga, J. L., Carbonell, E., Lordkipanidze, D., Manzi, G., & Margvelashvili, A. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706152104 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
The Primitive Wrist of Homo floresiensis and Its Implications for Hominin Evolution
Tocheri, M. W., Orr, C. M., Larson, S. G., Sutikna, T., Jatmiko, J., Saptomo, E. W., Due, R. A., Djubiantono, T., Morwood, M. J., & Jungers, W. L. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1147143 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Self-citationThe skulls, endocasts, and teeth of homo habilis
Tobias, P. V. (1991) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 200 · see citing works
GRADUAL CHANGE IN HUMAN TOOTH SIZE IN THE LATE PLEISTOCENE AND POST-PLEISTOCENE
Brace, C. L., Rosenberg, K. E., & Hunt, K. D. (1987) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1987.tb05847.x · Cited by 197 · see citing works
New fossils from Koobi Fora in northern Kenya confirm taxonomic diversity in early Homo
Leakey, M. G., Spoor, F., Dean, C., Feibel, C. S., Antón, S. C., Kiarie, C., & Leakey, L. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11322 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Jungers, W. L., Harcourt‐Smith, W. E. H., Wunderlich, R. E., Tocheri, M. W., Larson, S. G., Sutikna, T., Due, R. A., & Morwood, M. J. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07989 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citationAn introduction to human evolutionary anatomy
Takahashi, L. K. (1991) · International Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1007/bf02547638 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Hominins on Flores, Indonesia, by one million years ago
Brumm, A., Jensen, G. M., van den Bergh, G. D., Morwood, M. J., Kurniawan, I., Aziz, F., & Storey, M. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08844 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Homo floresiensis: Microcephalic, pygmoid, Australopithecus, or Homo?
Argue, D., Donlon, D., Groves, C. P., & Wright, R. (2006) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.04.013 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Metric trends in hominid dental evolution
Wolpoff, M. H. (1971) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Wood, B., Abbott, S. A., & Graham, S. H. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 176 · see citing works
A closer look at Neanderthal postcanine dental morphology: The mandibular dentition
Bailey, S. E. (2002) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.10116 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Martinón‐Torres, M., Bastir, M., de Castro, J. M. B., Gómez‐Robles, A., Sarmiento, S., Muela, A., & Arsuaga, J. L. (2006) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.12.004 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Phylogenetic rate shifts in feeding time during the evolution of Homo
Organ, C. L., Nunn, C. L., Machanda, Z. P., & Wrangham, R. W. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1107806108 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Reconstructed Homo habilis type OH 7 suggests deep-rooted species diversity in early Homo
Spoor, F., Gunz, P., Neubauer, S., Stelzer, S., Scott, N. A., Kwekason, A., & Dean, C. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14224 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Jacob, T. J. T., Indriati, E., Soejono, R. P., Hsü, K. J., Frayer, D. W., Eckhardt, R. B., Kuperavage, A. J., Thorne, A. G., & Henneberg, M. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0605563103 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
The Liang Bua faunal remains: a 95k.yr. sequence from Flores, East Indonesia
van den Bergh, G. D., Meijer, H. J. M., Awe, R. D., Morwood, M. J., Szabó, K., Ostende, L. W. V. D. H., Sutikna, T., Saptomo, E. W., Piper, P. J., & Dobney, K. M. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.08.015 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Self-citationDental perspectives on the population history of Southeast Asia
Matsumura, H., & Hudson, M. J. (2004) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20067 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Continuities in stone flaking technology at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia
Moore, M. W., Sutikna, T., Jatmiko, J., Morwood, M. J., & Brumm, A. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.10.006 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationA Companion to paleoanthropology
(2013) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.50-6836 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
LB1’s virtual endocast, microcephaly, and hominin brain evolution
Falk, D., Hildebolt, C. F., Smith, K., Morwood, M. J., Sutikna, T., Jatmiko, J., Saptomo, E. W., & Prior, F. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.10.008 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Self-citationDescriptions of the upper limb skeleton of Homo floresiensis
Larson, S. G., Jungers, W. L., Tocheri, M. W., Orr, C. M., Morwood, M. J., Sutikna, T., Awe, R. D., & Djubiantono, T. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.06.007 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationDental remains from Dmanisi (Republic of Georgia): Morphological analysis and comparative study
Martinón‐Torres, M., de Castro, J. M. B., Gómez‐Robles, A., Margvelashvili, A., Prado‐Simón, L., Lordkipanidze, D., & Vekua, A. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.12.008 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Descriptions of the lower limb skeleton of Homo floresiensis
Jungers, W. L., Larson, S. G., Harcourt‐Smith, W. E. H., Morwood, M. J., Sutikna, T., Awe, R. D., & Djubiantono, T. (2008) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.08.014 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationMandibular molar root morphology in Neanderthals and Late Pleistocene and recent Homo sapiens
Kupczik, K., & Hublin, J. (2010) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.05.009 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Irish, J. D., & Guatelli‐Steinberg, D. (2003) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0047-2484(03)00090-3 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Hominin teeth from the early L ate P leistocene site of X ujiayao, N orthern C hina
Xing, S., Martinón‐Torres, M., de Castro, J. M. B., Wu, X., & Liu, W. (2014) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.22641 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Asian paleoanthropology : from Africa to China and beyond
Bae, C. J., & Braun, D. R. (2010) · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9094-2 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Moggi‐Cecchi, J., Grine, F. E., & Tobias, P. V. (2005) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.08.012 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Diagnostic differences in mandibular P4 shape between Neandertals and anatomically modern humans
Bailey, S. E., & Lynch, J. M. (2004) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20037 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Who made the Aurignacian and other early Upper Paleolithic industries?
Bailey, S. E., Weaver, T. D., & Hublin, J. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.02.003 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Dental remains from the Hadar formation, Ethiopia: 1974–1977 collections
Johanson, D. C., White, T. D., & Coppens, Y. (1982) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330570406 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Homo floresiensis: a cladistic analysis
Argue, D., Morwood, M. J., Sutikna, T., Jatmiko, J., & Saptomo, E. W. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.05.002 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationKaifu, Y., Baba, H., Aziz, F., Indriati, E., Schrenk, F., & Jacob, T. (2005) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.10425 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationBailey, S. E., Skinner, M. M., & Hublin, J. (2011) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.21468 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Brain size of Homo floresiensis and its evolutionary implications
Kubo, D., Kono, R. T., & Kaifu, Y. (2013) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.0338 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Self-citationAnalysis of the dental morphology of Plio-Pleistocene hominids. III. Mandibular premolar crowns.
Wood, B., & Uytterschaut, H. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Kieser, J. A. (1990) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511983610 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Brown, P., & Maeda, T. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.06.002 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
The first archaic Homo from Taiwan
Chang, C.-H., Kaifu, Y., Takai, M., Kono, R. T., Grün, R., Matsu’ura, S., Kinsley, L., & Lin, L. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms7037 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citationConclusions: implications of the Liang Bua excavations for hominin evolution and biogeography
Morwood, M. J., & Jungers, W. L. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.08.003 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Posterior dental size reduction in hominids: The Atapuerca evidence
de Castro, J. M. B., & Nicolás, M. E. (1995) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330960403 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The late Middle Pleistocene hominin fossil record of eastern Asia: Synthesis and review
Bae, C. J. (2010) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.21442 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The Homo floresiensis cranium (LB1): Size, scaling, and early Homo affinities
Gordon, A. D., Nevell, L., & Wood, B. A. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0710041105 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Kaifu, Y., Baba, H., Sutikna, T., Morwood, M. J., Kubo, D., Saptomo, E. W., Jatmiko, Awe, R. D., & Djubiantono, T. (2011) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.08.008 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationAnthropological Perspectives on Tooth Morphology: Genetics, Evolution, Variation
Owlett, T. E. (2015) · Cited by 82 · see citing works
de Pinillos, M. M., Martinón‐Torres, M., Skinner, M. M., Arsuaga, J. L., Gracia‐Téllez, A., Martı́nez, I., Martín‐Francés, L., & de Castro, J. M. B. (2014) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2013.10.008 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Middle Pleistocene Hominin Teeth from Longtan Cave, Hexian, China
Xing, S., Martinón‐Torres, M., de Castro, J. M. B., Zhang, Y., Fan, X., Zheng, L., Huang, W., & Liu, W. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114265 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Gómez‐Robles, A., Martinón‐Torres, M., de Castro, J. M. B., Prado‐Simón, L., & Arsuaga, J. L. (2011) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.09.004 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Zanolli, C., Bondioli, L., Coppa, A., Dean, C., Bayle, P., Candilio, F., Capuani, S., Dreossi, D., Fiore, I., Frayer, D. W., et al. (2014) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.04.005 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Hyodo, M., Matsu’ura, S., Kamishima, Y., Kondo, M., Takeshita, Y., Kitaba, I., Danhara, T., Aziz, F., Kurniawan, I., & Kumai, H. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1113106108 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Gradual Change in Human Tooth Size in the Late Pleistocene and Post- Pleistocene
Brace, C. L., Rosenberg, K. E., & Hunt, K. D. (1987) · Evolution · doi:10.2307/2408882 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
New wrist bones of Homo floresiensis from Liang Bua (Flores, Indonesia)
Orr, C. M., Tocheri, M. W., Burnett, S. E., Awe, R. D., Saptomo, E. W., Sutikna, T., Jatmiko, J., Wasisto, S., Morwood, M. J., & Jungers, W. L. (2013) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.10.003 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationGómez‐Robles, A., de Castro, J. M. B., Martinón‐Torres, M., Prado‐Simón, L., & Arsuaga, J. L. (2012) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.06.002 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Baab, K. L., McNulty, K. P., & Harvati, K. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069119 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Zanolli, C. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067233 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The origin of Homo floresiensis and its relation to evolutionary processes under isolation
Lyras, G., Dermitzakis, M. D., van der Geer, A. A. E., van der Geer, S. B., & VOS, J. D. (2009) · Anthropological Science · doi:10.1537/ase.080411 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Gómez‐Robles, A., de Castro, J. M. B., Martinón‐Torres, M., Prado‐Simón, L., & Arsuaga, J. L. (2015) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.02.013 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
諏訪, 元. (1990) · University of California eBooks · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Molar crown inner structural organization in J avanese H omo erectus
Zanolli, C. (2014) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.22611 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
New fossils of Australopithecus anamensis from Kanapoi, West Turkana, Kenya (2003–2008)
Ward, C. V., Manthi, F. K., & Plavcan, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.05.006 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Interlimb Proportions in Humans and Fossil Hominins: Variability and Scaling
Jungers, W. L. (2009) · Vertebrate paleobiology and paleoanthroplogy series/Vertebrate paleobiology and paleoanthropology series · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9980-9_9 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Advanced dental reduction in Javanese Homo erectus
Kaifu, Y. (2006) · Anthropological Science · doi:10.1537/ase.040729 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationPrimate brains, the ‘island rule’ and the evolution of Homo floresiensis
Montgomery, S. H. (2013) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.08.006 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Shields, E. D. (2005) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20110 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
What does it mean to be dentally “modern”?
Bailey, S. E., & Hublin, J.-J. (2013) · Anthropological Perspectives on Tooth Morphology · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511984464.010 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Kaifu, Y., Zaim, Y., Baba, H., Kurniawan, I., Kubo, D., Rizal, Y., Arif, J., & Aziz, F. (2011) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.04.002 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman evolution: Fifty years after Homo habilis
Wood, B. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/508031a · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Long anterior mandibular tooth roots in Neanderthals are not the result of their large jaws
Cabec, A. L., Kupczik, K., Gunz, P., Braga, J., & Hublin, J. (2012) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.07.003 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Matano, S., & Hirasaki, E. (1997) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199706)103:2 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular dental root morphology in hominoids
Emonet, E., Tafforeau, P., Chaimanee, Y., Guy, F., de Bonis, L., Koufos, G. D., & Jaeger, J. (2011) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.11.011 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Descriptions of the dental remains of Homo floresiensis
Kaifu, Y., Kono, R. T., Sutikna, T., Saptomo, E. W., Jatmiko, J., Awe, R. D., & Baba, H. (2015) · Anthropological Science · doi:10.1537/ase.150501 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationEvolution of the mandibular third premolar crown in early Australopithecus
Delezene, L. K., & Kimbel, W. H. (2011) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.01.006 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cranial Morphology and Variation of the Earliest Indonesian Hominids
Kaifu, Y., Indriati, E., Aziz, F., Kurniawan, I., & Baba, H. (2010) · Vertebrate paleobiology and paleoanthroplogy series/Vertebrate paleobiology and paleoanthropology series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9094-2_11 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationThe hominins of Flores: Insular adaptations of the lower body
van Heteren, A. H. (2011) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2011.04.001 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Middle Pliocene hominin mandibular fourth premolars from Woranso-Mille (Central Afar, Ethiopia)
Haile‐Selassie, Y., & Melillo, S. M. (2014) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.08.005 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Geometric properties and comparative biomechanics of Homo floresiensis mandibles
Daegling, D. J., Patel, B. A., & Jungers, W. L. (2014) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.01.001 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mandibular shape analysis in fossil hominins: Fourier descriptors in norma lateralis
Lestrel, P. E., Wolfe, C. A., & Bodt, A. (2013) · HOMO · doi:10.1016/j.jchb.2013.05.001 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hemispheric difference in human skin color
Chaplin, G., & Jablonski, N. G. (1998) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199810)107:2
Flagged first, then by citations
5 of the 104 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- [7]Holliday TW, Franciscus RG. Humeral length allometry in African hominids (sensu lato) with special reference to A.L. 288–1 and Liang Bua 1. PaleoAnthropol. 2012; 2012: 1– 12.
- [22]Bailey SE, Hublin JJ, editors. Dental Perspectives on Human Evolution: State of the Art Research in Dental Paleoanthropology Dordrecht: Springer; 2007.
- [41]Wood B. Koobi Fora Research Project 4: Hominid Cranial Remains Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1991.
- [59]Wood B, Engleman CA. Analysis of the dental morphology of Plio-Pleistocene hominids V. Maxillary postcanine tooth morphology. J Anat. 1988; 161: 1– 35. 3254883 PMC1262088
- [81]Wu X, Poirier FE. Human Evolution in China Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1995.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Détroit, F., Mijares, A. S., Corny, J., Daver, G., Zanolli, C., Dizon, E., Robles, E., Grün, R., & Piper, P. J. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1067-9 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Homo floresiensis-like fossils from the early Middle Pleistocene of Flores
van den Bergh, G. D., Kaifu, Y., Kurniawan, I., Kono, R. T., Brumm, A., Setiyabudi, E., Aziz, F., & Morwood, M. J. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature17999 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Self-citationNew fossil remains of Homo naledi from the Lesedi Chamber, South Africa
Hawks, J. D., Elliott, M., Schmid, P., Churchill, S. E., de Ruiter, D. J., Roberts, E. M., Hilbert-Wolf, H. L., Garvin, H. M., Williams, S. A., Delezene, L. K., et al. (2017) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.24232 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Aspects of human physical and behavioural evolution during the last 1 million years
Galway‐Witham, J., Cole, J., & Stringer, C. B. (2019) · Journal of Quaternary Science · doi:10.1002/jqs.3137 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Argue, D., Groves, C. P., Lee, M. S. Y., & Jungers, W. L. (2017) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.02.006 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Sutikna, T., Tocheri, M. W., Faith, J. T., Jatmiko, J., Awe, R. D., Meijer, H. J. M., Saptomo, E. W., & Roberts, R. G. (2018) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.07.001 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationMosaic dental morphology in a terminal Pleistocene hominin from Dushan Cave in southern China
Liao, W., Xing, S., Li, D., Martinón‐Torres, M., Wu, X., Soligo, C., de Castro, J. M. B., Wang, W., & Liu, W. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-38818-x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Hominin Dispersal and Settlement East of Huxley’s Line
O’Connor, S., Louys, J., Kealy, S., & Carro, S. S. (2017) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/694252 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Body size, brain size, and sexual dimorphism in Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber
Garvin, H. M., Elliott, M., Delezene, L. K., Hawks, J. D., Churchill, S. E., Berger, L. R., & Holliday, T. W. (2017) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.06.010 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Archaic Hominin Populations in Asia before the Arrival of Modern Humans
Kaifu, Y. (2017) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/694318 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationHomo sapiensin the Eastern Asian Late Pleistocene
Martinón‐Torres, M., Wu, X., de Castro, J. M. B., Xing, S., & Liu, W. (2017) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/694449 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Teixeira, J. C., Jacobs, G. S., Stringer, C., Tuke, J., Hudjashov, G., Purnomo, G. A., Sudoyo, H., Cox, M. P., Tobler, R., Turney, C. S. M., et al. (2021) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-021-01408-0 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Zanolli, C., Pan, L., Dumoncel, J., Kullmer, O., Kundrát, M., Liu, W., Macchiarelli, R., Mancini, L., Schrenk, F., & Tuniz, C. (2017) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.11.002 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
The Morphology of Permanent Molars from the Paleolithic Layers of Denisova Cave
Zubova, A. V., Чикишева, Т. А., & Shunkov, M. V. (2017) · Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia · doi:10.17746/1563-0110.2017.45.1.121-134 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Further analyses of the structural organization of Homo luzonensis teeth: Evolutionary implications
Zanolli, C., Kaifu, Y., Pan, L., Xing, S., Mijares, A. S., Kullmer, O., Schrenk, F., Corny, J., Dizon, E., Robles, E., et al. (2022) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103124 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationBraga, J., Zimmer, V. A., Dumoncel, J., Samir, C., de Beer, F., Zanolli, C., Pinto, D., Rohlf, F. J., & Grine, F. E. (2019) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.01.009 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Making meaning from fragmentary fossils: Early Homo in the Early to early Middle Pleistocene
Antón, S. C., & Middleton, E. R. (2023) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103307 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Martinón‐Torres, M., de Castro, J. M. B., de Pinillos, M. M., Modesto‐Mata, M., Xing, S., Martín‐Francés, L., García‐Campos, C., Wu, X., & Liu, W. (2019) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.12.001 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Early evolution of small body size in Homo floresiensis
Kaifu, Y., Kurniawan, I., Mizushima, S., Sawada, J., Lague, M. R., Setiawan, R., Sutisna, I., Wibowo, U. P., Suwa, G., Kono, R. T., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50649-7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationPalmqvist, P., Rodríguez-Gómez, G., de Castro, J. M. B., García-Aguilar, J. M., Ortiz, M. P. E., Figueirido, B., Ros‐Montoya, S., Granados, A. R. A., Serrano, F. J., Martínez‐Navarro, B., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2022.881651 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Skeletal remains of a Pleistocene modern human (Homo sapiens) from Sulawesi
Brumm, A., Bulbeck, D., Hakim, B., Burhan, B., Oktaviana, A. A., Sumantri, I., Zhao, J., Aubert, M., Sardi, R., McGahan, D. P., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257273 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationNew Approach to Dental Morphometric Research Based on 3D Imaging Techniques
Gaboutchian, A. V., Knyaz, V. A., & Korost, D. V. (2021) · Journal of Imaging · doi:10.3390/jimaging7090184 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The deciduous dentition of Homo naledi: A comparative study
Bailey, S. E., Brophy, J. K., Moggi‐Cecchi, J., & Delezene, L. K. (2019) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.102655 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Unexpected variation of human molar size patterns
Boughner, J. C., Marchiori, D. F., & Packota, G. V. (2021) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103072 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
What kind of hominin first left Africa?
Scardia, G., Neves, W. A., Tattersall, I., & Blumrich, L. (2020) · Evolutionary Anthropology Issues News and Reviews · doi:10.1002/evan.21863 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The cranial biomechanics and feeding performance ofHomo floresiensis
Cook, R. W., Vazzana, A., Sorrentino, R., Benazzi, S., Smith, A. L., Strait, D. S., & Ledogar, J. A. (2021) · Interface Focus · doi:10.1098/rsfs.2020.0083 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Late Pleistocene hominin teeth from Laoya Cave, southern China
Xing, S., Guan, Y. Q., O’Hara, M. C., Cai, H., Wang, X., & Gao, X. (2017) · Anthropological Science · doi:10.1537/ase.170802 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
History and Current Debates of Archaeology in Island Southeast Asia
Hung, H. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_3373-1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A human lower third molar from the Acheulean site of Cueva del Ángel (Lucena, Córdoba, Spain)
Bermúdez, F. J., de Pinillos, M. M., Medina-Lara, F., Barroso-Medina, C., Mesa, A. C., Santiago-Pérez, A., Ortíz, J. E., Sánchez‐Palencia, Y., Saos, T., Grégoire, S., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Biological Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.24677 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Characterising the stone artefact raw materials at Liang Bua, Indonesia
Lin, S. C. H., White, L. T., Jatmiko, J., Julianto, I. M. A., Tocheri, M. W., & Sutikna, T. (2022) · Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology · doi:10.1007/s41982-022-00133-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Evolutionary Biology of the Human Pelvis
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The characteristic mid‐shaft cross‐sectional shape of the ulna in Jomon hunter‐gatherers
Hagihara, Y., & Nara, T. (2017) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.23300 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
ORIENTATION VS. ORIENTATION: IMAGE PROCESSING FOR STUDIES OF DENTAL MORPHOLOGY
Gaboutchian, A. V., Knyaz, V. A., Vasilyev, S. V., Korost, D. V., & Kudaev, A. A. (2021) · The international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences/International archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences · doi:10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-723-2021 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
History and Current Debates of Archaeology in Island Southeast Asia
Hung, H. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_3373 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Towle, I., O’Hara, M. C., Leece, A. B., Herries, A. I. R., Adjei, A., Guatelli‐Steinberg, D., de Pinillos, M. M., Modesto‐Mata, M., Thiebaut, A., Hernando, R., et al. (2025) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2025.103703 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
New reconstruction of DAN5 cranium (Gona, Ethiopia) supports complex emergence of Homo erectus
Baab, K. L., Kaifu, Y., Freidline, S. E., Rogers, M., & Semaw, S. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-66381-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationHomo luzonensis and the role of homoplasy in the morphology of hominin insular species
Gousset, P., Bardin, J., Rouget, I., Mijares, A. S. B., & Détroit, F. (2026) · Cladistics · doi:10.1111/cla.70027 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Napolitano, R., Alichane, H., Martini, P., Domenico, G. D., Martin, R. M. G., Hublin, J., & Oxilia, G. (2026) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app16031280 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Oral Biosciences: The annual review 2016
Ohshima, H. (2016) · Journal of Oral Biosciences · doi:10.1016/j.job.2016.12.001 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Delezene, L. K., & Ungar, P. S. (2018) · The International Encyclopedia of Biological Anthropology · doi:10.1002/9781118584538.ieba0123 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Introgression, hominin dispersal and megafaunal survival in Late Pleistocene Island Southeast AsiaPreprint
Teixeira, J. C., Jacobs, G. S., Stringer, C. B., Tuke, J., Hudjashov, G., Purnomo, G. A., Sudoyo, H., Cox, M. P., Tobler, R., TURNEY, C. S. M., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.07.24.219048
Aproximación y comparativa en el estudio dental de diversas poblaciones prehistóricas
León-Cristóbal, A. (2021) · Cuadernos de Arqueología de la Universidad de Navarra · doi:10.15581/012.30.002
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.008
Functional Morphology of the Pelvis
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.004
Developmental Biology of the Pelvis
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.006
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.003
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.001
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.002
Morphological Integration, Evolutionary Processes and Variation in the Human Pelvis
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.007
(2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.010
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.009
Wall‐Scheffler, C. M., Kurki, H. K., & Auerbach, B. M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108185738.011
The Early Hominins: Australopiths
Langdon, J. H. (2022) · Springer texts in social sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14157-7_5
Langdon, J. H. (2022) · Springer texts in social sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14157-7_13
Langdon, J. H. (2022) · Springer texts in social sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14157-7_7
Langdon, J. H. (2022) · Springer texts in social sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14157-7_9
Interwoven evolution of Homo erectus, Homo floresiensis, and Homo sapiens
Herrera, R. J., & Garcia‐Bertrand, R. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819086-9.00002-6
Determinants of the Number of Main Canals in a Tooth: Deciphering Potential Mechanisms
Robalino, A. A. M., & Álvarez-Vásquez, J. L. (2023) · Universitas Odontologica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.uo42.dnmc
(2024) · Anthropological Science (Japanese Series) · doi:10.1537/asj.132.21
Digital Forensic Analysis of Tooth Wear in Prehistoric and Modern Humans
Yuadi, I., Koesbardiati, T., Wicaksono, R., Gurushankar, K., & Nisa’, K. (2025) · Archaeology Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia · doi:10.17746/1563-0110.2025.53.1.145-154
Monson, T. A., & Weitz, A. P. (2025) · doi:10.64628/aai.wk3k4rj5e
Gaboutchian, A. V., Knyaz, V. A., Vasiliev, S. V., & Харламова, Н. В. (2025) · Nanobiotechnology Reports · doi:10.1134/s2635167625601500
Cranial evidence for human-like helpless infancy in Homo erectus and Homo floresiensis
Kaifu, Y., Yano, W., Hikosaka, M., Shimizu, D., Nishimura, T., Kubo, D., Suriyanto, R. A., Jatmiko, (. F. N., Sutikna, T., Morimoto, N., et al. (2026) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2026.1055
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kaifu, Y., Kono, R. T., Sutikna, T., Saptomo, E. W., Jatmiko, & Due Awe, R.
- Affiliations
- National Museum of Nature and Science (JP)
- University of Wollongong (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Kaifu, Yousuke
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2015-11-18
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e0141614
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4651360
- OpenAlex
- W2178344487
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 22.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Museum of Nature and Science
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (24247044)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Geometry and Topology › Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Keywords
- Homo floresiensis, dental morphology, hominin evolution, Homo erectus, molar morphology, dwarfism, Flores, hominin origins
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Female, Fossils, Male, Tooth, Hominidae
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
