Cited by 376Thermochemical Biomass Conversion ProcessesCarbon Dioxide Capture TechnologiesSoil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics

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Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature on Physico-Chemical Properties of Corn Stover (Zea mays L.) Biochar and Feasibility for Carbon Capture and Energy Balance

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Rafiq, Muhammad Khalid, Bachmann, Robert Thomas, Rafiq, Muhammad Tariq, Shang, Zhanhuan, Joseph, Stephen, Long, Ruijun·2016·PLOS ONE

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156894PMC PMC4915615

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Abstract

This study examined the influence of pyrolysis temperature on biochar characteristics and evaluated its suitability for carbon capture and energy production. Biochar was produced from corn stover using slow pyrolysis at 300, 400 and 500°C and 2 hrs holding time. The experimental biochars were characterized by elemental analysis, BET, FTIR, TGA/DTA, NMR (C-13). Higher heating value (HHV) of feedstock and biochars was measured using bomb calorimeter. Results show that carbon content of corn stover biochar increased from 45.5% to 64.5%, with increasing pyrolysis temperatures. A decrease in H:C and O:C ratios as well as volatile matter, coupled with increase in the concentration of aromatic carbon in the biochar as determined by FTIR and NMR (C-13) demonstrates a higher biochar carbon stability at 500°C. It was estimated that corn stover pyrolysed at 500°C could provide of 10.12 MJ/kg thermal energy. Pyrolysis is therefore a potential technology with its carbon-negative, energy positive and soil amendment benefits thus creating win- win scenario.

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Fig 1 Effect of pyrolysis temperature on biochar yield from corn stover produced at different heating rates, holding times, particle sizes, reactor atmosphere and type (n = 22).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 2 Effect of pyrolysis temperature on ash content in biochar from corn stover (n = 41). Where available, pyrolysis holding time of a given data point is indicated by a letter with S—short (<0.5 hrs), M–medium (0.5–1 hr) and L–long (>1 hr). Atmosphere present inside the pyrolysis reactor is stated after the reference.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 3 Effect of pyrolysis temperature on pH of biochar produced from corn stover (n = 15). All pH values were determined in distilled or deionized water but at different char to water ratios.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 4 Van Krevelen diagram of original and carbonized corn stover. (S–slow pyrolysis; F–fast pyrolysis; G–gasification; ND–not determined). (n = 31).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 5 Effect of pyrolysis temperature on BET (N2) surface area of biochar produced from corn stover under slow (S) or fast (F) pyrolysis or gasification (G) conditions (n = 23).CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 6 FTIR spectra of corn stover biochars produced at 300, 400 and 500°C.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 7 XRD spectra of corn stover biochars produced at 300, 400 and 500°C.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 8 TGA/DTG spectra of corn stover biochars produced at, 300°C, 400°C 500°C obtained in a N2 atmosphere.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 9 13 C NMR Spectra of Biochar- 500°C.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Rafiq, M. K., Bachmann, R. T., Rafiq, M. T., Shang, Z., Joseph, S., & Long, R.
Affiliations: International Islamic University, Islamabad (PK)
University of Kuala Lumpur (MY)
State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (CN)
UNSW Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Long, Ruijun
ORCID: Rafiq, Muhammad Khalid
Bachmann, Robert Thomas
Rafiq, Muhammad Tariq
Shang, Zhanhuan
Long, Ruijun
Venue: PLOS ONE
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published: 2016-06-21
Volume: 11
Issue: 6
Pages: e0156894
ISSN: 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156894
PMC: PMC4915615
OpenAlex: W2474748449
Cited by: 376
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 40 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 6.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Lanzhou University Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
UNSWorks (UNSW Sydney) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Greater South Information System
Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China (411714.)
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (CN) (2012BAC01B02-3)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Filtration and Separation › Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Keywords: corn stover, biochar, pyrolysis temperature, slow pyrolysis, CO2 capture, energy balance, higher heating value, carbon content, aromatic carbon, volatile matter, soil amendment, biomass energy
MeSH terms: Agriculture, Carbon, Charcoal, China, Zea mays, Feasibility Studies, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Surface Properties, Temperature, Thermogravimetry, Waste Products, X-Ray Diffraction, Porosity, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Chemical Phenomena, Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature on Physico-Chemical Properties of Corn Stover (Zea mays L.) Biochar and Feasibility for Carbon Capture and Energy Balance

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