The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature on Physico-Chemical Properties of Corn Stover (Zea mays L.) Biochar and Feasibility for Carbon Capture and Energy Balance
Open accessAbstract
This study examined the influence of pyrolysis temperature on biochar characteristics and evaluated its suitability for carbon capture and energy production. Biochar was produced from corn stover using slow pyrolysis at 300, 400 and 500°C and 2 hrs holding time. The experimental biochars were characterized by elemental analysis, BET, FTIR, TGA/DTA, NMR (C-13). Higher heating value (HHV) of feedstock and biochars was measured using bomb calorimeter. Results show that carbon content of corn stover biochar increased from 45.5% to 64.5%, with increasing pyrolysis temperatures. A decrease in H:C and O:C ratios as well as volatile matter, coupled with increase in the concentration of aromatic carbon in the biochar as determined by FTIR and NMR (C-13) demonstrates a higher biochar carbon stability at 500°C. It was estimated that corn stover pyrolysed at 500°C could provide of 10.12 MJ/kg thermal energy. Pyrolysis is therefore a potential technology with its carbon-negative, energy positive and soil amendment benefits thus creating win- win scenario.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“increased pyrolysis temperature caused an increase of 5.7-18.7% in ash content”
From Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects (2020) · cites this paper as Rafiq et al. 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
中華人民共和国国家統計局 (1988) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 12,443
Characteristics of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis
Yang, H., Yan, R., Chen, H., Lee, D. H., & Zheng, C. (2007) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2006.12.013 · Cited by 8,155
Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)
Keiluweit, M., Nico, P. S., Johnson, M. G., & Kleber, M. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9031419 · Cited by 3,230
Bio-char Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems – A Review
Lehmann, J., Gaunt, J., & Rondon, M. (2006) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5 · Cited by 3,053
Australian laboratory handbook of soil and water chemical methods.
Rayment, G. E., & Higginson, F. R. (1992) · Cited by 2,571
The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures
Yuan, J.-H., Xu, R.-K., & Zhang, H. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.018 · Cited by 2,029
Chen, B., Zhou, D., & Zhu, L. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es8002684 · Cited by 1,823
The Art, Science, and Technology of Charcoal Production
Antal, M. J., & Grønli, M. (2003) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie0207919 · Cited by 1,623
(2007) · Advances in chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/s0065-2377(07)x3200-9 · Cited by 1,448
Roberts, K. G., Gloy, B. A., Joseph, S., Scott, N. R., & Lehmann, J. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es902266r · Cited by 1,243
Self-citationProperties of dairy-manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use in remediation
Cao, X., & Harris, W. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.052 · Cited by 1,173
Effects of temperature and particle size on bio-char yield from pyrolysis of agricultural residues
Demirbas, A. (2004) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2004.07.003 · Cited by 1,154
Thomas, W. J. (1981) · Applied Catalysis · doi:10.1016/0166-9834(81)80078-4 · Cited by 1,147
Characterization of biochars to evaluate recalcitrance and agronomic performance
Enders, A., Hanley, K., Whitman, T., Joseph, S., & Lehmann, J. (2012) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.022 · Cited by 1,113
Self-citationCompositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars
Chun, Y., Sheng, G., Chiou, C. T., & Xing, B. (2004) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es035034w · Cited by 1,079
Rajkovich, S., Enders, A., Hanley, K., Hyland, C., Zimmerman, A. R., & Lehmann, J. (2012) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/s00374-011-0624-7 · Cited by 872
Characterization of biochar from fast pyrolysis and gasification systems
Brewer, C. E., Schmidt‐Rohr, K., Satrio, J. A., & Brown, R. C. (2009) · Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy · doi:10.1002/ep.10378 · Cited by 868
Calculation of higher heating values of biomass fuels
Demirbaş, A. (1997) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(97)85520-2 · Cited by 841
Effect of cow manure biochar on maize productivity under sandy soil condition
Uzoma, K. C., Inoue, M., Andry, H., Fujimaki, H., Zahoor, A., & Nishihara, E. (2011) · Soil Use and Management · doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00340.x · Cited by 832
Bio-oil and bio-char production from corn cobs and stover by fast pyrolysis
Mullen, C. A., Boateng, A. A., Goldberg, N. M., Lima, I. M., Laird, D. A., & Hicks, K. B. (2009) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.09.012 · Cited by 744
Kim, K. H., Kim, J.-Y., Cho, T.-S., & Choi, J. W. (2012) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.094 · Cited by 696
Gaunt, J. L., & Lehmann, J. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es071361i · Cited by 631
The top 100 questions of importance to the future of global agriculture
Pretty, J., Sutherland, W. J., Ashby, J., Auburn, J., Baulcombe, D., Bell, M., Bentley, J., Bickersteth, S., Brown, K., Burke, J., et al. (2010) · International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability · doi:10.3763/ijas.2010.0534 · Cited by 539
Qualitative analysis of volatile organic compounds on biochar
Spokas, K. A., Novak, J. M., Stewart, C. E., Cantrell, K. B., Uchimiya, M., DuSaire, M. G., & Ro, K. S. (2011) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.108 · Cited by 504
Characterization of Biochars Produced from Cornstovers for Soil Amendment
Lee, J. W., Kidder, M. K., Evans, B. R., Paik, S., Buchanan, A. C., Garten, C. T., & Brown, R. C. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es101337x · Cited by 483
Hale, S. E., Alling, V., Martinsen, V., Mulder, J., Breedveld, G. D., & Cornelissen, G. (2013) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.057 · Cited by 480
(2009) · Cited by 464
Biomass-based pyrolytic polygeneration system on cotton stalk pyrolysis: influence of temperature.
Chen, Y.-Q., Yang, H.-P., Wang, X.-H., Zhang, S.-H., & Chen, H.-P. (2012) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.074 · Cited by 432
Fuertes, A. B., Arbestain, M. C., Sevilla, M., Maciá-Agulló, J. A., Fiol, S., López, R., Smernik, R. J., Aitkenhead, W. P., Arce, F., & Macias, F. (2010) · Soil Research · doi:10.1071/sr10010 · Cited by 430
Tsai, W., Liu, S.-C., Chen, H.-R., Chang, Y.-M., & Tsai, Y.-L. (2012) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.085 · Cited by 329
A Round-Robin Study of Cellulose Pyrolysis Kinetics by Thermogravimetry
Grønli, M. G., Antal, M. J., & Várhegyi, G. (1999) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie980601n · Cited by 313
Thermogravimetric characterization of corn stover as gasification and pyrolysis feedstock
Kumar, A., V, Wang, L., Dzenis, Y. A., Jones, D. D., & Hanna, M. A. (2007) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.11.004 · Cited by 301
A correlation for calculating elemental composition from proximate analysis of biomass materials
Parikh, J. K., Channiwala, S. A., & Ghosal, G. K. (2007) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2006.12.029 · Cited by 301
Criteria to Select Biochars for Field Studies based on Biochar Chemical Properties
Brewer, C. E., Unger, R., Schmidt‐Rohr, K., & Brown, R. C. (2011) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-011-9133-7 · Cited by 297
Güereña, D., Lehmann, J., Hanley, K., Enders, A., Hyland, C., & Riha, S. (2013) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-012-1383-4 · Cited by 284
Liu, H., JIANG, G., ZHUANG, H., & Wang, K. (2007) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2007.01.011 · Cited by 274
Thangalazhy‐Gopakumar, S., Adhikari, S., Ravindran, H., Gupta, R. B., Fasina, O., Tu, M., & Fernando, S. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.05.040 · Cited by 269
Enhancing anaerobic biogasification of corn stover through wet state NaOH pretreatment
Zheng, M., Li, X., Li, L., Yang, X. J., & He, Y. (2009) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.05.045 · Cited by 263
A review of the mathematical models for predicting the heating value of biomass materials
Vargas-Moreno, J. M., Ferre, Á. J. C., Pérez-Alonso, J., & Velázquez-Martí, B. (2012) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.054 · Cited by 262
Bustin, R. M., & Guo, Y. (1999) · International Journal of Coal Geology · doi:10.1016/s0166-5162(98)00025-1 · Cited by 232
Ertaş, M., & Alma, M. H. (2010) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2010.02.006 · Cited by 223
Guoliang, C. A. O., Zhang, X., Gong, S., & Zheng, F. (2008) · Journal of Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(08)60007-8 · Cited by 221
Fernandes, M. B., Skjemstad, J. O., Johnson, B. B., Wells, J. D., & Brooks, P. R. (2003) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00098-5 · Cited by 181
Lee, J. W., Hawkins, B., Day, D. M., & Reicosky, D. C. (2010) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c004561f · Cited by 166
Competing uses for China's straw: the economic and carbon abatement potential of biochar
Clare, A., Shackley, S., Joseph, S., Hammond, J., Pan, G., & Bloom, A. (2015) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12220 · Cited by 164
Self-citationAssessment of sustainable biomass resource for energy use in China
Zhou, X., Fang, W. S., Hu, H., Yang, L., Guo, P., & Xiao, B. (2010) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.006 · Cited by 161
Speciation of Sulfur in Biochar Produced from Pyrolysis and Gasification of Oak and Corn Stover
Cheah, S.-F., Malone, S. C., & Feik, C. J. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es500073r · Cited by 153
Dai, Z., Meng, J., Muhammad, N., Liu, X., Wang, H., He, Y., Brookes, P. C., & Xu, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Soils and Sediments · doi:10.1007/s11368-013-0698-y · Cited by 124
Capunitan, J. A., & Capareda, S. C. (2011) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.12.029 · Cited by 111
Pyrolysis and biochar potential using crop residues and agricultural wastes in China
Kung, C.-C., Kong, F., & Choi, Y. (2014) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.06.043 · Cited by 103
Sustainable Technologies for Small-Scale Biochar Production—A Review
Nsamba, H. K., Hale, S. E., Cornelissen, G., & Bachmann, R. T. (2015) · Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems · doi:10.4236/jsbs.2015.51002 · Cited by 92
Self-citationFeng, L., Li, Y., Chen, C., Liu, X., Xiao, X., Ma, X., Zhang, R., He, Y., & Liu, G. (2013) · BioResources · doi:10.15376/biores.8.2.2487-2498 · Cited by 83
Pereira, R. C., Muetzel, S., Arbestain, M. C., Bishop, P. A., Hina, K., & Hedley, M. J. (2014) · Animal Feed Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.06.019 · Cited by 75
Biochar as a Soil Amendment: A Review of the Environmental Implications
Woolf, D. (2008) · Organic Eprints (International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems, and Research Institute of Organic Agriculture) · Cited by 72
Peterson, S. C., & Jackson, M. A. (2014) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.12.028 · Cited by 71
China's climate target: is it achievable?
Qiu, J. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/462550a · Cited by 54
Quality maintenance of minimally processed Chinese cabbage with low temperature and citric acid dip
Kim, B. S., & Klieber, A. (1997) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199709)75:1 · Cited by 47
97/02918 Calculation of higher heating values of biomass fuels
(1997) · Fuel and Energy Abstracts · doi:10.1016/s0140-6701(97)84797-2 · Cited by 34
C3 and C4 plant species as energy sources and their potential impact on environment and climate
Bassam, N. E. (1998) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/s0960-1481(98)00157-8 · Cited by 12
INTERNATIONAL FLAME RESEARCH FOUNDATION, IFRF
(2008) · Begellhouse eBooks · doi:10.1615/atoz.i.international_flame_research_foundation_ifrf · Cited by 5
Optical and structural properties of sputtered CdTe thin films
Mohssine, H., Debbagh, F., Ameziane, E. L., & Bennouna, A. (1994) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/0960-1481(94)90372-7 · Cited by 1
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 62 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- SE Hale, 2013, The sorption and desorption of phosphate-P, ammonium-N and nitrate-N in cacao shell and corn cob biochars, Chemosphere, 91, 1612, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.12.057 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects
Tomczyk, A., Sokołowska, Z., & Boguta, P. (2020) · Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology · doi:10.1007/s11157-020-09523-3 · Cited by 2,948
Biochar application for the remediation of salt-affected soils: Challenges and opportunities
Ullah, S., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Naeem, A., Rengel, Z., & Naidu, R. (2017) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.257 · Cited by 709
Shaheen, S. M., Niazi, N. K., Hassan, N. E. E., Bibi, I., Wang, H., Tsang, D. C. W., Ok, Y. S., Bolan, N., & Rinklebe, J. (2019) · International Materials Reviews · doi:10.1080/09506608.2018.1473096 · Cited by 527
Review of biochar for the management of contaminated soil: Preparation, application and prospect
Yuan, P., Wang, J., Pan, Y., Shen, B., & Wu, C. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.400 · Cited by 513
A comprehensive review on physical activation of biochar for energy and environmental applications
Sajjadi, B., Chen, W.-Y., & Egiebor, N. O. (2019) · Reviews in Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1515/revce-2017-0113 · Cited by 475
Metadata
- Authors
- Rafiq, M. K., Bachmann, R. T., Rafiq, M. T., Shang, Z., Joseph, S., & Long, R.
- Affiliations
- International Islamic University, Islamabad (PK)
- University of Kuala Lumpur (MY)
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (CN)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Long, Ruijun
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2016-06-21
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e0156894
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4915615
- OpenAlex
- W2474748449
- Cited by
- 376
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 6.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lanzhou University Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
- UNSWorks (UNSW Sydney) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Greater South Information System
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (411714.)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (CN) (2012BAC01B02-3)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Filtration and Separation › Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Keywords
- corn stover, biochar, pyrolysis temperature, slow pyrolysis, CO2 capture, energy balance, higher heating value, carbon content, aromatic carbon, volatile matter, soil amendment, biomass energy
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Carbon, Charcoal, China, Zea mays, Feasibility Studies, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Surface Properties, Temperature, Thermogravimetry, Waste Products, X-Ray Diffraction, Porosity, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Chemical Phenomena, Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
