Gender Differences in Emotional Response: Inconsistency between Experience and Expressivity

Deng, Yaling; Chang, Lei; Yang, Meng; Huo, Meng; Zhou, Renlai

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158666

Cited by 382Emotions and Moral BehaviorEmotion and Mood RecognitionEvolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior

Gender Differences in Emotional Response: Inconsistency between Experience and Expressivity

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Deng, Yaling, Chang, Lei, Yang, Meng, Huo, Meng, Zhou, Renlai·2016·PLOS ONE

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158666PMC PMC4928818

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Abstract

The present study investigated gender differences in both emotional experience and expressivity. Heart rate (HR) was recorded as an indicator of emotional experience while the participants watched 16 video clips that induced eight types of emotion (sadness, anger, horror, disgust, neutrality, amusement, surprise, and pleasure). We also asked the participants to report valence, arousal, and motivation as indicators of emotional expressivity. Overall, the results revealed gender differences in emotional experience and emotional expressivity. When watching videos that induced anger, amusement, and pleasure, men showed larger decreases in HR, whereas women reported higher levels of arousal. There was no gender difference in HR when the participants watched videos that induced horror and disgust, but women reported lower valence, higher arousal, and stronger avoidance motivation than did men. Finally, no gender difference was observed in sadness or surprise, although there was one exception-women reported higher arousal when watching videos that induced sadness. The findings suggest that, when watching videos that induce an emotional response, men often have more intense emotional experiences, whereas women have higher emotional expressivity, particularly for negative emotions. In addition, gender differences depend on the specific emotion type but not the valence.

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Men and women exhibit different patterns of media consumption and varying emotional responses to distressing media content.
“Research has consistently shown that men and women exhibit different patterns of media consumption and varying emotional responses to distressing (media) content [196,197].”
From Impact of Media-Induced Uncertainty on Mental Health: Narrative-Based Perspective. (2025) · cites this paper as [196]
The Discussion reports that men and women responded differently to emotion-inducing videos, including horror and disgust, supporting the claim about responses to distressing content. The paper does not report differences in patterns of media consumption; it studies responses to videos shown to participants. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Authors: Deng, Y., Chang, L., Yang, M., Huo, M., & Zhou, R.
Affiliations: Beijing Normal University (CN)
University of Macau (MO)
The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Corresponding author: Zhou, Renlai
ORCID: Deng, Yaling
Chang, Lei
Yang, Meng
Huo, Meng
Zhou, Renlai
Venue: PLOS ONE
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published: 2016-06-30
Volume: 11
Issue: 6
Pages: e0158666
ISSN: 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158666
PMC: PMC4928818
OpenAlex: W2466307579
Cited by: 382
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 26.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB505101)
Shangshan funding
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Emotion and Mood Recognition
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Keywords: gender differences, emotional experience, emotional expressivity, heart rate, emotion induction, valence, arousal, avoidance motivation, sadness, anger, disgust, horror, amusements, pleasure, surprise
MeSH terms: Arousal, Emotions, Facial Expression, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Photic Stimulation, Sex Characteristics, Young Adult

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Gender Differences in Emotional Response: Inconsistency between Experience and Expressivity

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