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Cited by 32Child Nutrition and Water AccessPublic Health and NutritionMaternal and Neonatal Healthcare

Effect of a nutrient-rich, food-based supplement given to rural Vietnamese mothers prior to and/or during pregnancy on birth outcomes: A randomized controlled trial

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Nga, Hoang T., Quyen, Phi N., Chaffee, Benjamin W., Diep Anh, Nguyen T., Ngu, Tu, King, Janet C.·2020·PLOS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0232197PMC PMC7259625
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Abstract

Obtaining a nutrient-rich diet during pregnancy is a challenge for pregnant women living in low-income countries. This randomized, controlled trial was designed to determine if a freshly prepared food supplement from local animal-source foods and dark-green leafy vegetables given prior to and/or during pregnancy improved birth outcomes in rural Vietnamese women. Primiparous women, 18 to 30 years of age, who participated in the study were assigned to one of three groups: PC-T women received the supplement from pre-conception to term, MG-T women received the supplement from mid-gestation to term, and the RPC women received routine prenatal care. Supplement intake was observed and quantified. Infant anthropometry was measured at birth and/or within seven days of delivery. The effect of the intervention on maternal and birth outcomes was determined using linear regression modeling. Of the 460 women enrolled in the study, 317 women completed the study. Those not completing the study had either moved from the area, did not conceive within 12 months of study enrollment, or miscarried. The food-based supplement increased protein, iron, zinc, folate, vitamin A and B12 intakes in the PC-T and the MG-T groups. However, it failed to alter infant anthropometric measurements at birth. In the entire cohort, maternal gestational weight gain was greater in women with a low pre-pregnancy BMI (<18.5) and in women with a higher educational attainment. Working as a farmer reduced gestational weight gain but it did not affect birth weight or length. In summary, a nutrient-rich, food-based supplement given to rural Vietnamese women from pre-conception to term or mid-gestation to term did not affect maternal or infant outcomes. The low weight gains, possibly due to demanding farm work done throughout the reproductive cycle, may have obviated any effects of the low energy, nutrient-rich food supplement on birth outcomes. Trial registration : Registered Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01235767.

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  • Five randomised trials assessing pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions (n = 1924 women) were included in the meta-analysis.

    “Five randomised trials assessing pre‐pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions (n = 1924 women) were included.”

    From Pre‐Pregnancy Diet and/or Physical Activity Interventions for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [35]

    The Methods (Study setting and design) describe a randomized food-supplement trial beginning before conception, so this paper fits the type of trial described. The Results (Participant recruitment and attrition) report 460 women enrolled in this one trial; the paper does not establish that five trials totaling 1,924 women were included in a meta-analysis. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [10]World Health Organization. A health financing review of Viet Nam with a focus on social health insurance. In: Organization WH, ed. Geneva, 2011.
  2. [23]Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). The essential guide to nutrient requirements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2006.
  3. [42]Hytten FE. Nutrition. Edtion ed. In: Hytten F, Chamberlain G, eds. Clinical Physiology in Obstetrics. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1980: 163– 92.

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Authors
Nga, H. T., Quyen, P. N., Chaffee, B. W., Diep Anh, N. T., Ngu, T., & King, J. C.
Affiliations
  • National Institute of Nutrition (VN)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author
King, Janet C.
ORCID
Venue
PLOS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2020-05-29
Volume
15
Issue
5
Pages
e0232197
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0232197
PMC
PMC7259625
OpenAlex
W3031176929
Cited by
32
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2
FWCI
2.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Nestle Research Foundation (00)
  • Thrasher Research Fund (00)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Public Health and Nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
Keywords
animal source foods, dark green leafy vegetables, prenatal nutrition, birth outcomes, infant anthropometry, gestational weight gain, maternal nutrition, agricultural labor, micronutrient intake
MeSH terms
Nutrients, Birth Weight, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mothers, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Rural Population, Vietnam, Cohort Studies, Dietary Supplements, Premature Birth, Body Size, Young Adult

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