RETRACTED: Independent and combined associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with common physical and mental disorders: Results from a multi-ethnic population-based study
Open accessAbstract
Sleep duration and sleep quality are often linked to increased risk of mortality and morbidity. However, national representative data on both sleep duration and sleep quality and their relationship with chronic health problems are rarely available from the same source. This current study aimed to examine the independent and combined associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with physical and mental disorders, using data from the Singapore Mental Health Study 2016. 6,126 residents aged ≥18years participated in this epidemiological, cross-sectional survey. Sleep measures were assessed using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index while lifetime or 12-month medical and psychiatric diagnoses were established using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. Both short sleep (<6hrs compared to 7-8hrs) and poor sleep were found to be independently associated with chronic pain, obsessive compulsive disorder and any mental disorder while poor sleep was additionally associated with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and any physical disorder, when adjusted for confounders. Poor sleep combined with short sleep (≤6hrs/day vs 7-8hrs/day) was associated with the highest number of comorbidities among other sleep combinations. Sleep duration and sleep quality, when adjusted for each other, remained independently associated with both physical and mental disorders. Affective disorders may be more closely related to poor sleep quality compared to abnormal sleep duration. Our findings suggest sleep quality to be a more important indicator for psychological and overall health compared to sleep duration.
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The study focused prevalently on sleep quality (insomnia), while sleep quantity (disrupted sleep continuity such as delayed sleep onset latency and awakenings after sleep onset) was regarded as less important.
“Fifth, we focused prevalently on sleep quality (insomnia), while sleep quantity (disrupted sleep continuity such as delayed sleep onset latency and awakenings after sleep onset) was regarded as less important (157).”
From Sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among military medical doctors of the Swiss Armed Forces: study protocol, rationale and development of a cross-sectional and longitudinal interventional study (2024) · cites this paper as [157]
The Abstract and Discussion say sleep quality may be a more important indicator of psychological and overall health than sleep duration, supporting the relative-importance point. But the Introduction classifies sleep latency and nighttime arousals as aspects of sleep quality, not as a separate, less-important measure of sleep quantity. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Relationship Between Chronicity and Severity of Tinnitus and Sleep-Related Issues
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Estresse, Ansiedade E Depressão Em Acadêmicos De Odontologia De Uma Instituição De Montes Claros
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The Effectiveness of the Headspace App for Improving Sleep: Randomized Controlled Trial
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Sleep longer, think sharper: extra sleep offsets poor sleep quality in young-old adults
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Sleep Disturbances in Long COVID: A Cohort Prospective Study
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- Authors
- Seow, L. S. E., Tan, X. W., Chong, S. A., Vaingankar, J. A., Abdin, E., Shafie, S., Chua, B. Y., Heng, D., & Subramaniam, M.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Mental Health (SG)
- Ministry of Health (SG)
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2020-07-16
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e0235816
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7365445
- OpenAlex
- W3043456584
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 9.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Status
- Retracted
- Update notices
- retraction (2026-10-06)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Health, Singapore and Temasek Innovates
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Keywords
- sleep duration, sleep quality, short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, chronic pain, obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, mood disorders, physical disorders, mental illness, comorbidities
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Asthma, Mental Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Cross-Sectional Studies, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Hypertension, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Sleep, Young Adult
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