Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Is a Common Echocardiographic Abnormality in Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Reverses With Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure*
Abstract
Study objectives To determine cardiac structural abnormalities by echocardiography in subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to determine the long-term effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on such abnormalities.Design Polysomnography was conducted on oximetry-screened patients who showed a desaturation index > 40/h and > or = 20% cumulative time spent below 90%. From these, 25 patients with severe OSA but without daytime hypoxemia underwent echocardiography prior to, then 1 month and 6 months following initiation of CPAP treatment.Setting Outpatient sleep disorders center.Results Of the 25 patients, 13 patients (52%) had hypertension by history or on physical examination. Baseline echocardiograms showed that severe OSA was associated with numerous cardiovascular abnormalities, including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) [88%], left atrial enlargement (LAE) [64%], right atrial enlargement (RAE) [48%], and right ventricular hypertrophy (16%). In all patients (intent to treat) as well as those patients compliant with CPAP therapy (84% > 3 h nightly), there was a significant reduction in LVH after 6 months of CPAP therapy as measured by interventricular septal distance (baseline diastolic mean, 13.0 mm; 6-month mean after CPAP, 12.3 mm; p < 0.02). RAE and LAE were unchanged after CPAP therapy.Conclusions LVH was present in high frequency in subjects with severe OSA and regressed after 6 months of nasal CPAP therapy.
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Use of continuous positive airway pressure at night for 6 mo was associated with a reduction in LV wall thickness.
“Cloward et al. (55) found that the use of continuous positive airway pressure at night for 6 mo was associated with a reduction in LV wall thickness (55).”
From Cardiac remodeling in obesity (2008) · cites this paper as [55]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Cloward, T. V., Walker, J. M., Farney, R. J., & Anderson, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Intermountain Healthcare (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- ORCID
- Anderson, Jeffrey L.
- Venue
- Chest
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-08
- Volume
- 124
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 594-601
- ISSN
- 0012-3692 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2011473929
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CHEST Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Keywords
- left ventricular hypertrophy, obstructive sleep apnea, continuous positive airway pressure, cardiac structural abnormalities, left atrial enlargement, right atrial enlargement, right ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Hypoxia, Blood Gas Analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Ultrasonography, Polysomnography, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
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