Weight Loss and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Falls In Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Concentrations are Associated with Histologic Improvement
Abstract
Background The ability for aminotransferase levels to track histological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with weight loss has not been examined. Methods We examined the effect of weight loss following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding surgery on the histological features of NAFLD and plasma aminotransferase concentrations (AST, ALT and GGT) in 60 (12M, 48F) selected severely obese patients. All 120 paired biopsies were de-identified and scored for lobular steatosis, fibrosis, inflammation, Mallory bodies and NASH. Results 30 patients (50%) had baseline histological features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Repeat biopsies were taken at 29.5+/-10 months after baseline. Mean weight loss was 31.5+/-18 kg. There were improvements in AST, ALT, GGT, lobular steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis between baseline and follow-up (P<0.001 for all). Only 6 (10%) of repeat biopsies showed NASH. No change in aminotransferase concentrations predicted the change in steatosis, but changes in AST and GGT predicted improved scores for inflammation, fibrosis, Mallory bodies and NASH. The lowering of GGT best predicted the improvements in inflammation, fibrosis and NASH. Conclusion With weight loss, falls in GGT and, to a lesser extent, in AST, are predictive of improved lobular inflammation and fibrosis, key prognostic features of NAFLD.
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Patients with metabolic syndrome experienced the greatest histologic gains after AGB.
“and those with metabolic syndrome experienced the greatest histologic gains [46].”
From Impact of Bariatric Surgery and Endoscopic Therapies on Liver Health in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [46]
On average, approximately 30-34 kg of weight loss (approximately 50% excess weight) was achieved in AGB series.
“On average, ~30–34 kg of weight loss (~50% excess weight) was achieved in these series”
From Impact of Bariatric Surgery and Endoscopic Therapies on Liver Health in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [46]
In a cohort of 60 AGB patients with approximately 30-month liver biopsies, only 10% had persistent NASH postoperatively versus 50% at baseline.
“A subsequent cohort of 60 AGB patients with ~30-month liver biopsies confirmed these findings, with only 10% having persistent NASH postoperatively versus 50% at baseline.”
From Impact of Bariatric Surgery and Endoscopic Therapies on Liver Health in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Dixon, J., Bhathal, P., & O'Brien, P.
- Affiliations
- The Alfred Hospital (AU)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- ORCID
- Dixon, John
- Venue
- Obesity Surgery
- Published
- 2006-10-01
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1278-1286
- ISSN
- 0960-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1708-0428
- OpenAlex
- W2038159864
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 8.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Obesity Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alanine Transaminase, Transaminases, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Fatty Liver, Female, Fibrosis, gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Humans, Liver, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Morbid, Postoperative Period, Gastric Bypass, Weight Loss, Comorbidity
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