Diaphragmatic endometriosis and thoracic endometriosis syndrome: A review on diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
Endometriosis of the diaphragm has been gaining more attention in the practice of gynecologists and thoracic surgeons in recent years. Understanding related symptoms and developing imaging methods have improved their approach. A review of the literature was performed with the aim to report on incidence, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diaphragmatic endometriosis. We also cover the issue of the Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome (TES). Complaints of cyclic chest pain in patients of childbearing age should have as differential diagnosis the presence of thoracic endometriosis. Catamenial pneumothorax is the main manifestation of diaphragmatic endometriosis and Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome. Other possible manifestations are hemothorax, pulmonary nodules, and diaphragmatic hernia. Despite the possibility of drug treatment, many patients will be submitted to surgical treatment. The minimally invasive approach should be the one of choice. The robotic pathway allows for an easier approach due to its ability to articulate robotic arms, allowing the treatment of lesions in hard-to-reach locations, such as the posterior part of the diaphragm. Multidisciplinary treatment should be used in most cases, as only abdominal approach is not sufficient for the diagnosis and treatment of lesions in the thoracic cavity. The approach of endometriosis of the diaphragm and Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome should be multidisciplinary, allowing the improvement of quality of life in most patients.
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The resection of bowel endometriosis may be limited during a concurrent procedure due to the theoretical risk of peritonitis expanding into the mediastinum.
“The resection of bowel endometriosis may be limited during a concurrent procedure due to the theoretical risk of peritonitis expanding into the mediastinum [ 89 ].”
From Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review and Multidisciplinary Approach to Management (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
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Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review and Multidisciplinary Approach to Management
Nezhat, C., Amirlatifi, N., Najmi, Z., & Tsuei, A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13247602 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Thoracic and diaphragmatic endometriosis: An overview of diagnosis and surgical treatment
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- Authors
- Soares, T., Oliveira, M. A., Panisset, K., Habib, N., Rahman, S., Klebanoff, J. S., & Moawad, G. N.
- Affiliations
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , State University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (BR)
- Université Paris Cité (FR)
- George Washington University Hospital (US)
- Main Line Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Moawad, Gaby N.
- Venue
- Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation
- Publisher
- Walter de Gruyter GmbH
- Published
- 2021-02-18
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 137-143
- ISSN
- 1868-1883 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-1891
- OpenAlex
- W3130143100
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Keywords
- diaphragmatic endometriosis, thoracic endometriosis syndrome, catamenial pneumothorax, hemothorax, pulmonary nodules, diaphragmatic hernia, minimally invasive surgery, robotic surgery, multidisciplinary treatment, diagnosis, prognosis
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